Pathology - What is Pathology?
Pathology is the study and diagnosis
of disease through examination of
organs, tissues, bodily fluids, and
whole bodies (autopsies).
Pathology also encompasses the
related scientific study of disease
processes, called general pathology.
Medical pathology is divided into two
main branches, anatomical pathology
and clinical pathology.
General pathology, also called
investigative pathology, experimental
pathology, or theoretical pathology, is
a broad and complex scientific field
which seeks to understand the
mechanisms of injury to cells and
tissues, as well as the body's means
of responding to and repairing injury.
Areas of study include cellular
adaptation to injury, necrosis,
inflammation, wound healing, and
neoplasia. It forms the foundation of
pathology, the application of this
knowledge to diagnose diseases in
humans and animals.
The term ''general pathology'' is also
used to describe the practice of both
anatomical and clinical pathology.
Pathologists are doctors who
diagnose and characterize disease in
living patients by examining biopsies
or bodily fluids. In addition,
pathologists interpret medical
laboratory tests to help prevent illness
or monitor a chronic condition.
The vast majority of cancer diagnoses
are made by pathologists. Pathologists
examine tissue biopsies to determine
if they are benign or cancerous. Some
pathologists specialize in genetic
testing that can, for example,
determine the most appropriate
treatment for particular types of
cancer.
In addition, a pathologist analyzes
blood samples from a patient's
annual physical and alerts their
primary care physician to any changes
in their health early, when successful
treatment is most likely. Pathologists
also review results of tests ordered or
performed by specialists, such as
blood tests ordered by a cardiologist,
a biopsy of a skin lesion removed by a
dermatologist, or a Pap test
performed by a gynecologist, to detect
abnormalities.
Pathologists work with other doctors,
medical specialty societies, medical
laboratory professionals, and health
care consumer organizations to set
guidelines and standards for medical
laboratory testing that help improve a
patient's medical care and guide
treatment, as well as ensure the
quality and safety of domestic and
international medical laboratories.
Pathologists may also conduct
autopsies to investigate causes of
death. Autopsy results can aid living
patients by revealing a hereditary
disease unknown to a patient's family.
Pathology is a core discipline of
medical school and many pathologists
are also teachers. As managers of
medical laboratories (which include
chemistry, microbiology, cytology, the
blood bank, etc.), pathologists play an
important role in the development of
laboratory information systems.
Although the medical practice of
pathology grew out of the tradition of
investigative pathology, most modern
pathologists do not perform original
research.
Pathology is a unique medical
specialty. Pathology touches all of
medicine, as diagnosis is the
foundation of all patient care. In fact,
more than 70 percent of all decisions
about diagnosis and treatment,
hospital admission, and discharge rest
on medical test results.
Pathologists play a critical role on the
patient care team, working with other
doctors to treat patients and guide
care. To be licensed, candidates must
complete medical training, an
approved residency program, and be
certified by an appropriate body.
In the US, certification is by the
American Board of Pathology or the
American Osteopathic Board of
Pathology. The organization of
subspecialties within pathology varies
between nations, but usually includes
anatomic pathology and clinical
pathology.

www.news-medical.net/health/Pathology-What-is-Pathology.aspx

[quote author=Laalamed]Pathology - What is Pathology?
Pathology is the study and diagnosis
of disease through examination of
organs, tissues, bodily fluids, and
whole bodies (autopsies).
Pathology also encompasses the
related scientific study of disease
processes, called general pathology.
Medical pathology is divided into two
main branches, anatomical pathology
and clinical pathology.
General pathology, also called
investigative pathology, experimental
pathology, or theoretical pathology, is
a broad and complex scientific field
which seeks to understand the
mechanisms of injury to cells and
tissues, as well as the body's means
of responding to and repairing injury.
Areas of study include cellular
adaptation to injury, necrosis,
inflammation, wound healing, and
neoplasia. It forms the foundation of
pathology, the application of this
knowledge to diagnose diseases in
humans and animals.
The term ''general pathology'' is also
used to describe the practice of both
anatomical and clinical pathology.
Pathologists are doctors who
diagnose and characterize disease in
living patients by examining biopsies
or bodily fluids. In addition,
pathologists interpret medical
laboratory tests to help prevent illness
or monitor a chronic condition.
The vast majority of cancer diagnoses
are made by pathologists. Pathologists
examine tissue biopsies to determine
if they are benign or cancerous. Some
pathologists specialize in genetic
testing that can, for example,
determine the most appropriate
treatment for particular types of
cancer.
In addition, a pathologist analyzes
blood samples from a patient's
annual physical and alerts their
primary care physician to any changes
in their health early, when successful
treatment is most likely. Pathologists
also review results of tests ordered or
performed by specialists, such as
blood tests ordered by a cardiologist,
a biopsy of a skin lesion removed by a
dermatologist, or a Pap test
performed by a gynecologist, to detect
abnormalities.
Pathologists work with other doctors,
medical specialty societies, medical
laboratory professionals, and health
care consumer organizations to set
guidelines and standards for medical
laboratory testing that help improve a
patient's medical care and guide
treatment, as well as ensure the
quality and safety of domestic and
international medical laboratories.
Pathologists may also conduct
autopsies to investigate causes of
death. Autopsy results can aid living
patients by revealing a hereditary
disease unknown to a patient's family.
Pathology is a core discipline of
medical school and many pathologists
are also teachers. As managers of
medical laboratories (which include
chemistry, microbiology, cytology, the
blood bank, etc.), pathologists play an
important role in the development of
laboratory information systems.
Although the medical practice of
pathology grew out of the tradition of
investigative pathology, most modern
pathologists do not perform original
research.
Pathology is a unique medical
specialty. Pathology touches all of
medicine, as diagnosis is the
foundation of all patient care. In fact,
more than 70 percent of all decisions
about diagnosis and treatment,
hospital admission, and discharge rest
on medical test results.
Pathologists play a critical role on the
patient care team, working with other
doctors to treat patients and guide
care. To be licensed, candidates must
complete medical training, an
approved residency program, and be
certified by an appropriate body.
In the US, certification is by the
American Board of Pathology or the
American Osteopathic Board of
Pathology. The organization of
subspecialties within pathology varies
between nations, but usually includes
anatomic pathology and clinical
pathology.

www.news-medical.net/health/Pathology-What-is-Pathology.aspx[/quote

In sane countries pathologists direct laboratories services no wonder a pathologist is appointed as director of laboratories services in uch.

thology as a medical specialty
Pathologists are physicians who
diagnose and characterize disease in
living patients by examining biopsies
or bodily fluid. Pathologists
infrequently conduct autopsies to
investigate causes of death. Pathology
is a core discipline of medical school
and many pathologists are also
instructors. As managers of medical
laboratories, pathologists play an
important role in the development of
laboratory information systems.
Although the medical practice of
pathology grew out of the tradition of
investigative pathology, most modern
pathologists do not perform original
research.
Pathology is a unique medical
specialty in that pathologists typically
do not see patients directly, but rather
serve as consultants to other
physicians (often referred to as
"clinicians" within the pathology
community). To be licensed,
candidates must complete medical
training, an approved residency
program and be certified by an
appropriate body. In the US,
certification is by the American Board
of Pathology or the American
Osteopathic Board of Pathology
. The organization of subspecialties
within pathology varies between
nations, but usually includes
anatomical pathology and clinical
pathology.
Training
Pathology in the United States
In the United States, pathologists are
physicians (D.O. or M.D. ) that have
completed a four-year undergraduate
program, four years of medical school
training, and three to four years of
postgraduate training in the form of a
pathology residency. Training may be
within two primary specialties, as
recognized by the American Board of
Pathology: anatomical Pathology and
clinical Pathology, each of which
requires separate board certification.
The American Osteopathic Board of
Pathology
also recognizes four primary
specialties: anatomic pathology,
dermatopathology, forensic
pathology, and laboratory medicine .
Many pathologists pursue a broad
based training and become certified in
both fields. These skills are
complementary in many hospital
based private practice settings, since
the day to day work of many clinical
laboratories only intermittently
requires the attention of a physician.
Thus, pathologists are able to spend
much of their time evaluating
anatomical pathology cases, while
remaining available to cover any
special issues which might arise in the
clinical laboratories. Pathologists may
pursue specialised fellowship training
within one or more subspecialties of
either anatomical or clinical pathology.
Some of these subspecialties permit
additional board certification, while
others do not. [1]
Pathology in the United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom, pathologists
are medical doctors registered with —
and currently licensed by — the UK
General Medical Council. The training
to become a pathologist is under the
oversight of the Royal College of
Pathologists. After four to six years of
undergraduate medical study, trainees
proceed to a two year foundation
programme. Full-time training in
Histopathology presently lasts
between five to five and a half years.
The first year involves structured
training and is assessed by an
objective structured practical exam
(OSPE), which must be passed to
progress to year two. This is followed
by further specialist training in surgical
pathology, cytopathology, and
autopsy pathology. There are two
examinations run by the Royal
College of Pathologists, termed Part 1
and Part 2. The Part 2 examination is
designed to test competence to work
as an independent practitioner in
pathology and is typically taken after
four or five years of specialist training.
All postgraduate medical training and
education in the UK is overseen by
the General Medical Council (GMC). It
is possible to take a specialist part 2
examination in forensic pathology,
pediatric pathology, or
neuropathology . It is also possible to
take a Royal College of Pathologists
diploma in forensic pathology,
dermatopathology, or cytopathology ,
recognising additional specialist
training and expertise.
Pathology in France
In France, Pathology is separate in two
distinct specialties, Anatomical
pathology and Clinical pathology .
Residencies both lasts four years.
Residency in anatomical pathology is
open to physicians only, while clinical
pathology is open to both physicians
and pharmacists . Anatomical
pathology in France is integrated in
the internal medicine specialty track.
At the end of the second year of
clinical pathology residency, residents
can choose between general Clinical
pathology and a specialization in one
of the disciplines, but they can not
practise Anatomical pathology. And
conversely, Anatomical pathology
residents can not practise Clinical
pathology. [2][3]
↑Jump back a section
Other subspecialties
The following outline is an attempt at
synthesising information on
profession pathology as it exists in the
United Kingdom [4][5] and the United
States.[6]
1) Clinical Pathology:
1.1) Biochemistry and Immunology:
1.1.1) Clinical Biochemistry
1.1.2) Analytical Toxicology
1.1.3) Histocompatibility and
Immunogenetics
1.1.4) Immunology
1.1.5) Tissue Banking
1.2) Haematology and Transfusion:
1.2.1) Blood Transfusion
1.2.2) Haematology
1.2.3) Haemostasis and Thrombosis
1.3) Microbiology and Infection:
1.3.1) Microbiology and Virology
1.4) Dermatopathology
2) Cellular Pathology:
2.1) Anatomical Pathology
2.2) Cytopathology and Cervical
Cytology
2.3) Histopathology
3) Molecular Pathology:
3.1) Embryology:
3.1.1) Embryology and Andrology
3.2) Genetics:
3.2.1) Cytogenetics
3.2.2) Molecular genetics


en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathology_as_a_medical_specialty

No.

No.

obi4eze: No.

why do you answer so? it seems in uk and usa pathologists direct and manage medical laboratories. why should practice should be different in nigeria? pls i need clarification. tanx.

Flytefalls: No.

sir pathologists are doctors specialized in laboratory medicine and also work in laboratories as being practices internationally. why should practice be different in nigeria?

why do you answer so? it seems in uk and usa pathologists direct and manage medical laboratories. why should practice should be different in nigeria? pls i need clarification. tanx.

The MLS in Nigeria are misinforming the gullible Nigerians that they are the ONLY health professionals that should be in Medical Laboratories.
In truth, MLS can carry out some tests without recourse to Pathologists e.g HbEletrophoresis,blood group determination etc but more highly technical investigations like the diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease and HLA typing etc need the input of Haematologists.
The Medical Labs are just workshops within the various departments of Pathology,so an Haematologist should be the head of haemetology department

To some extent.

oyatz:

The MLS in Nigeria are misinforming the gullible Nigerians that they are the ONLY health professionals that should be in Medical Laboratories.
In truth, MLS can carry out some tests without recourse to Pathologists e.g HbEletrophoresis,blood group determination etc but more highly technical investigations like the diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease and HLA typing etc need the input of Haematologists.
The Medical Labs are just workshops within the various departments of Pathology,so an Haematologist should be the head of haemetology department

You are just beating about the bush and contradicting yourself.

A well trained professional MLS can carry out most if not all medical laboratory tests, especially those done in our hospitals.

By law, the MLSCN is the statutory body that regulates medical laboratory science profession.

A medical laboratory scientist who specialized in histopathology can diagnose a Hodgkins lymphoma case if a lymph node from a patient with the tumor is processed and stained for microscopic examination.

You call the medical labs workshops yet doctors depend much on them to make diagnosis. Who is deceiving who? If the doctors can make diagnosis on their own, why refer the patients to them for tests?

The problem with doctors is their ego and know-it-all attitude. Many of them feel that other professionals are irrelevant hence the problem in the health sector.

obi4eze:


You are just beating about the bush and contradicting yourself.

A well trained professional MLS can carry out most if not all medical laboratory tests, especially those done in our hospitals.

By law, the MLSCN is the statutory body that regulates medical laboratory science profession.

A medical laboratory scientist who specialized in histopathology can diagnose a Hodgkins lymphoma case if a lymph node from a patient with the tumor is processed and stained for microscopic examination.

You call the medical labs workshops yet doctors depend much on them to make diagnosis. Who is deceiving who? If the doctors can make diagnosis on their own, why refer the patients to them for tests?

The problem with doctors is their ego and know-it-all attitude. Many of them feel that other professionals are irrelevant hence the problem in the health sector.

1) I think you are manifesting unnecessary 'Victim mentality'. So if someone say a place in an industry is a workshop,it is a derogatory remark and professionals should not depend on output from such a place?
2) The Medical Laboratory are like Workshops with MULTIPROFESSIONALS working there.Pls check Wikipedia on Google for Medical Laboratories and the Professionals working there where the Pathologists come first,followed by Clinical Biochemist and Pathologist Assistants even came before Medical Lab Scientists.
3) Pathologists make diagnosis of Hodgkin's Lyphoma or Neurofibromatosis, Bile Acid assay etc. MLS working in Histopathology help to prepare the slides (they don't read the Slides and give diagnosis). Ask the MLS who have been in the profession long before you
4) The unnecessary flexing of Muscles and anti-doctor posture only happen in Gov't Hospitals/Labs. The best Medical Laboratories in Nigeria like Lancets, Pathcare, Union Diagnostics are operated by Pathologists who are Medical doctors that specialize in Laboratory Medicine and the MLS and other Health workers there work harmoniously with them like a family without confrontation or insecurity

oyatz:

1) I think you are manifesting unnecessary 'Victim mentality'. So if someone say a place in an industry is a workshop,it is a derogatory remark and professionals should not depend on output from such a place?
2) The Medical Laboratory are like Workshops with MULTIPROFESSIONALS working there.Pls check Wikipedia on Google for Medical Laboratories and the Professionals working there where the Pathologists come first,followed by Clinical Biochemist and Pathologist Assistants even came before Medical Lab Scientists.
3) Pathologists make diagnosis of Hodgkin's Lyphoma or Neurofibromatosis, Bile Acid assay etc. MLS working in Histopathology help to prepare the slides (they don't read the Slides and give diagnosis). Ask the MLS who have been in the profession long before you
4) The unnecessary flexing of Muscles and anti-doctor posture only happen in Gov't Hospitals/Labs. The best Medical Laboratories in Nigeria like Lancets, Pathcare, Union Diagnostics are operated by Pathologists who are Medical doctors that specialize in Laboratory Medicine and the MLS and other Health workers there work harmoniously with them like a family without confrontation or insecurity

I laugh at you in Chinese.

obi4eze:

I laugh at you in Chinese.

I am also laughing in Arabic at your level of ignorance.
Serious minded but frustrated young MLS are working and saving income to write American Society for Clinical Pathologist (ASCP) qualifying exams because in the US, ASCP ceritfied Medical Lab Scientist are the highest paid and there are proud to where their ASCP badge and here in Nigeria,ignorant and sometimes mischievious fellows will be dishing out falsehood that Pathologists are not meant to work in Pathology Laboratorie just like saying Physicists aren't meant to work in Physics Labs

oyatz:

I am also laughing in Arabic at your level of ignorance.
Serious minded but frustrated young MLS are working and saving income to write American Society for Clinical Pathologist (ASCP) qualifying exams because in the US, ASCP ceritfied Medical Lab Scientist are the highest paid and there are proud to where their ASCP badge and here in Nigeria,ignorant and sometimes mischievious fellows will be dishing out falsehood that Pathologists are not meant to work in Pathology Laboratorie just like saying Physicists aren't meant to work in Physics Labs

When you tired, you'll stop blabbing.

Medical laboratory staff
The staff of clinical laboratories may include:
Pathologist
Clinical Biochemist
Pathologists' Assistant (PA)
Biomedical Scientist (BMS) in the UK, Medical Laboratory Scientist (MT, MLS or CLS) in the US or Medical Laboratory Technologist in Canada
Medical Laboratory Technician (MLT in US)
Medical Laboratory Assistant (MLA)
Phlebotomist (PBT

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_laboratory

joyandfaith:
Medical laboratory staff
The staff of clinical laboratories may include:
Pathologist
Clinical Biochemist
Pathologists' Assistant (PA)
Biomedical Scientist (BMS) in the UK, Medical Laboratory Scientist (MT, MLS or CLS) in the US or Medical Laboratory Technologist in Canada
Medical Laboratory Technician (MLT in US)
Medical Laboratory Assistant (MLA)
Phlebotomist (PBT

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_laboratory

I believe this should be the US, on online platform this is what it is like but do a deep research urself, the second and third don't exist and in ur said published site it didn't state of importance; though let's be objective here when you say pathology lab, it has room for both the Dr and the scientist. That aside the Dr shouldn't impose himself on the scientist as wanting to be the head. Like where I did my internship the pathologist (Dr) is headed by a pathologist and the scientists have deir head. Both the Dr and the scientist are the heads of the department. Think of it u want to head a scientist who spent 5 years in training in pathology (in case you don't know MLS trains you in all aspect of clinical pathology) and does a pg in same pathology (a specialty) and even a PhD only for some person to claim he has a diploma fellowship in pathology and wants to head.

See what is happening now u r busy killing urself on who should head the Medical Laboratory soon u will open another thread on who should head Radiology services. Cos the radiographers are pushing to throw the radiologists as the head.

One thing is certain the radiologists and Pathologists (Dr) is a different profession from radiography and MLS alike. It is only common sense dey head themselves since dey are not answerable to the MDCN but a different body entirely. It's only a matter of time things will be put aright. Same way a Dr wants to head pharmaceutical services till dey were thrown out.