Fill with washer fluid only:Don’t add water to the windshield washer reservoir. It won’t clean as well as washer fluid, and it may freeze in cold weather and damage the system. Don’t try to run your windshield washer system once you suspect there’s no more fluid in the tank, or you may damage the washer fluid pump.


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Fix the washer fluid tank:Cracked washer-deicer fluid tanks are fairly common once a car is of a certain age. A good remedy — until you can buy a new tank or find one at the junkyard — is to insert a plastic freezer bag into the tank and fill it with the washer fluid.


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Don’t try to carry too much:Never exceed your car’s roof load specifications or weight limits.You can find them in your vehicle owner’s manual. Check the weight limitation of your roof rack as well. Typically the range is from 150 to 200 pounds (68 to 90 kg). That’s the equivalent of eighteen 8-foot 2 x 4s (2.4-meter 38 x 89s) or three sheets of 3/4-inch (17-mm) plywood. If you have to deliver a heavy load from the home or garden center, consider having it delivered. It will save wear and tear on you as well as your car.


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Keep an old blanket handy:Protect your car’s roof from scratches with an old blanket before tying lumber, bicycles, or luggage to your roof rack.


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Secure loads to avoid dents and scratches:The beginning of the end for the finish on many cars and trucks — and for wagon and hatchback interiors for that matter — is an improperly stowed load. Invest in the appropriate racks for bicycles, cargo, and luggage. A good trick to keep tall objects from sliding around in a pick-up truck bed is to use a shower curtain rod (or two) as a brace. Just push the cargo against the front wall of the truck bed and install the rod behind it. Twist to secure. Cargo nets will also help keep objects from banging around and damaging a truck bed.


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Inspct wheel-well splashguards:These guards, however flimsy on many of today’s cars, help keep water and winter’s salty slush from splashing up into the engine compartment, where it can damage sensitive electrical components. Unfortunately, these guards tear off easily — sometimes without the driver knowing it. Check for damage to these guards when you wash your car. Re-secure with the appropriate fasteners or replace as needed. As added protection from splashed-up muck, slush, and debris, install mud flaps (also called splash guards) on your vehicle.


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Wash in winter, too:If you rarely wash your car during messy winter weather, you are not alone.The cars you see on the road make it obvious that lots of folks figure,”Why bother? The car is going to look awful the next time I drive it.” The problem with this thinking is that washing is more important in the winter than other times of the year. All that sand, slush, and ice mixed with road salt is exactly what makes your car rust.The fastest corrosion occurs when the temperature repeatedly rises above and then falls below freezing. Especially during the messy months, be sure to rinse the undercarriage and hard-to-reach areas that are susceptible to rust, such as the bumpers and inside the wheel wells. If the temperature outside is going to stay above freezing long enough for your car and driveway to dry, fill a bucket with warm water and tackle the job at home. If not, pay a visit to your local car wash and be sure they dry the car thoroughly.

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Give our car a new skin:New self-adhering urethane films have been developed to protect the most vulnerable painted areas on your car from stone chips and other minor abrasions.You can wash and wax these surfaces, just as you would the rest of the paint job. While it’s best to have these films professionally installed, you can peel them off yourself. One product is made by 3M, and you can learn more by going to 3m.com and searching for Scotchgard Paint Protection Film Solutions.


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Tyre care is essential for maintaining vehicle safety:Tyres should be checked on a regular basis and before any long driving trips. Correctly maintained tyres will improve fuel economy, extend tyre life and improve vehicle safety.

1. Tyre inflation should be checked every two weeks when cold, recommended pressure can be found in the owner's manual.
2. Abnormal wear patterns indicate possible wheel alignment or suspension problems.
3. Vibrations in the steering indicate the tyres may require balancing.
4. Make sure that tyres have a minimum of 1.6mm of tread depth.

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Power steering fluid:should be checked regularly to ensure it is filled to capacity.

1. The fluid can be checked via the reservoir. For the specific location relating to your vehicle please check your owner's manual.
2. Only use the recommended oil for your car, this information can be found in your owner's manual.
3. Never over fill the reservoir.

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The battery is the key component of your car's electrical system and the main cause of vehicle breakdowns: A number of simple steps can be taken to ensure your battery is kept in optimum condition all year round.

1. Check battery terminals regularly to ensure they are clean and tight.
2. Ensure that the electrolyte level is correct, if topping up only use distilled water. Many newer batteries are maintenance free and won't require topping up.
3. Make sure the battery is secure.
4. If your battery has not been replaced in 3 – 4 years consider a replacement as battery failures often occur with no warning.


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Lights are critical for vehicle safety:Electrical components including horns and window demisters need to be checked as well to ensure correct operation on a regular basis.

1. Check you lights regularly to ensure they work correctly.
2. Only use the recommended globes, this information can be found in your owner's manual.
3. Check other electrical components i.e. horns, window demisters regularly to ensure correct operation.


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Your vehicle's cooling system is vital to the operation of your vehicle:Driving at freeway speeds and hot summer days put a lot of stress on your vehicle's cooling system. Basic checks can assist in maintaining your vehicle's cooling system.

1. Only inspect your cooling system when the engine is cold. Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot.
2. Check coolant level regularly.
3. Only use the recommended coolant for your vehicle, this can be found in the owner's manual.
4. If your cooling system requires regular refilling there may be a leak in the system.

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Brakes are a vital component of your vehicle: Poor brake performance and condition can result in substantially longer braking distances potentially placing you and your passengers in danger.

1. Squealing brakes, grinding on your rotors or unusual vibrations may indicate your brakes need replacing.
2. Another sign of worn brakes is poor brake performance.
3. Ensure that your vehicle's brake fluid is full.
4. Always use the recommended brake fluid for you vehicle, this can be found in your owner's manual.

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Most transmission work is best left to the experts:however the following tips will help ensure your transmission operates correctly.

1. Ensure that the transmission fluid level remains filled to the correct level, check owner's manual for details on checking levels.
2. Ensure fluid is not discoloured or burnt.
3. Always use the correct type of oil for your car, this can be found by referring to your owner's manual.

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Maintenance of suspension components is vital to ensure vehicle safely:Worn suspension components can increase your stopping distance by up to 20%. In addition properly-functioning suspension ensures a more comfortable ride for passengers.

1. Suspension components should be checked regularly for any signs of physical damage and excess wear.
2. Shock absorbers should be checked for fluid leaks.
3. Check your suspension when driving for any abnormalities i.e. steering wheel vibration, nose diving when stopping.


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b]fuel is flammable[/b]:Take these precautions to prevent turning everybody into human charcoal

1. Turn off the car before you work on the fuel system AND remove the fuel pump fuse or relay.
2. Smoking's extra life-threatening while working with fuel, so don't do it.
3. If you are working in an enclosed garage, make sure there is adequate ventilation.
4. Gasoline is a serious skin irritant; wear petroleum-resistant gloves, like like nitrile, while handing fuel or fuel lines.
5. Automotive fuel is also a known carcinogen, so avoid breathing fumes or prolonged exposure.
6. Clean up any spills immediately and dispose of any gasoline or fuel-soaked rags and the old fuel filter properly. Be sure to handle the old fuel filter carefully, as it will still contain a small amount of fuel.


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changing a fuse:you must find the faulty one. It will have a broken filament (the thin strip of metal inside) or will be black inside. Some vehicles come with special "pullers" to remove fuses, but tweezers work just as well. You can also use your trusty fingers. Just make sure you carefully remove and replace the fuses until you find the culprit.
Note that the vehicle's electrical problems may need a mechanic's attention if none of the fuses look blown, or if the fuse immediately blows again.


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The best time to prevent salt damage :a little car maintenance will help keep the rust away.

1. In late autumn, thoroughly wash every inch of your vehicle, including the underside.
2. Apply a meticulous coat of wax, followed by a wax sealant to help keep the wax adhered to the vehicle's paint.
3. Seal the undercarriage, paying closest attention to the brake and fuel lines, as these are the most susceptible items for rust and corrosion and make your vehicle unsafe if they fail. You can buy a product to do this, or you can have it done professionally.


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Do not throw the old battery away:Keep it upright to prevent it from leaking. Old batteries contain hazardous materials that can't go in a regular landfill. Instead, they can be recycled. Call your local mechanic or automotive store for more information. There should not be a fee for disposal as the old batteries are valuable cores for recycling.


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An air filter should be replaced once a year, or every 15,000 miles:If you regularly travel on dirt roads, however, you will need to check your air filter every few months. You don't need a mechanic's eye to determine the air filter's condition. If you see dust build-up within the filter's accordion-like folds, change is needed. Or, for absolute certainty, shine a flashlight from the inside out. If the beam cannot penetrate the folds, you need to spring into air-filter-maintenance mode.



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Brake fluid facts :Keep these general facts in mind while handling brake fluid:

1. Never use DOT 5 brake fluid in a vehicle designed for DOT 3 or DOT 4 fluids.
It is ok to use DOT 4 fluid in a vehicle that requires DOT 3, but not vice-versa.
2. NEVER substitute any other fluid for brake fluid.
3. Wash your hands immediately after coming in contact with brake fluid. It eats paint, so imagine what it'll do to skin.
4. Properly discard brake fluid that's been unsealed for more than one year. Check with your city for recycling days or centers.


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Detailing the exterior of your car:Once the entire body of the car has been thoroughly cleaned, dry it off with a clean chamois or a cotton cloth. Use your tools to dry water lying in cracks or in window wells. Now is the time to wax your car if you desire. After waxing your car, you may find small areas of wax deposit or dust after it dries thoroughly. Clean these off with a small brush.



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Check tread for safety:Most states require tires to be replaced when they have worn down to 1/16-inch (1.5 mm) of remaining tire depth. Tires sold in North America are required to have “wear bars” molded into them to make it easy to see when tire replacement is legally required. However, if you’ll be driving in the rain, you should change your tires when there is 1/8-inch (3 mm) of tread left. Otherwise, water may not escape from under your tires fast enough and you risk hydroplaning — a dangerous situation in which your car loses traction and literally floats on the water. Stick an American quarter between the treads in several places. If part of Washington’s head is always covered, you have enough tread to drive in the rain. If you drive in snow, you’ll need at least 3/16-inch (5 mm) of tread to get adequate traction. Stick an American penny between the treads. If the top of the Lincoln Memorial is always covered, you’re ready for winter driving.


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Under the hood:Of course, much of the day-to-day driving maintenance for your vehicle must occur with the hood opened and up, but that doesn't mean you have to be a mechanic. The most important things to monitor and check regularly include the following:
1. engine oil level and cleanliness
2. antifreeze/coolant level (never attempt to remove radiator cap while engine is hot or warm)
3. brake and power steering fluid levels
4. transmission fluid


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Inspect wheel-well splashguards:These guards, however flimsy on many of today’s cars, help keep water and winter’s salty slush from splashing up into the engine compartment, where it can damage sensitive electrical components. Unfortunately, these guards tear off easily — sometimes without the driver knowing it. Check for damage to these guards when you wash your car. Re-secure with the appropriate fasteners or replace as needed. As added protection from splashed-up muck, slush, and debris, install mud flaps (also called splash guards) on your vehicle.

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Don’t let tools mar your car’s finish:If you plan to service and make repairs to your car, invest in a fender cover. It drapes over your fender, providing a safe place to rest your tools without causing scratches. It will also prevent your belt buckle from marring your paint as you lean into the engine compartment to work.


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Check for uneven wear:Check tires for uneven wear. If you’ve maintained tire inflation properly, uneven wear may indicate the need for a wheel realignment. It can also mean improperly operating brakes or shocks, a bent wheel, internal tire damage, or worn bushings.


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Rotate your tires:Rotating your tires helps to distribute tire wear evenly and ensures that you’ll get the maximum road life out of them. The first rotation is especially important.Your owner’s manual should specify both rotation period and pattern. If not, rotate your tires every 6,000 to 7,500 miles (9,700 to 12,000 km) — your tire dealer should know the correct pattern of tire rotation.


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Lube your lug nuts:Lug nuts, if not lubricated occasionally, can seize or “freeze” to the studs due to corrosion. Repairing them can be expensive. Having to call a tow truck for a flat you can’t remove is even more expensive.The next time you change or rotate your tires, pick up some anti-seize lubricant at your local auto supply store. Clean the stud threads with a wire brush and wipe them with the lubricant. It’s formulated to prevent the lug nuts (spark plugs, too) from seizing and won’t allow them to loosen as you drive, the way other lubricants might. If a lug nut does freeze to a stud, try spraying the nut and stud with WD-40 or Liquid Wrench. Allow it to penetrate for 10 or 20 minutes. Use a heat gun to apply heat.Then use a ratchet wrench to remove the lug.

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Keep a clean machine:Keeping your vehicle as clean as possible during the winter will go a long way to cut down the damage done by salt and sand.

1. Take your vehicle to the car wash as often as possible. Many car washes in the "snow belt" offer steam cleaning and undercarriage cleaning as well as traditional car washing.
2. Have your car re-waxed and sealed when you have it washed.
3. Check out a mobile automobile detailer who can come to your workplace and do several vehicles at once.

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Fluids Galore:One of the best ways of preventing the interior destruction of the engine is by making sure all of the fluids are fresh and full. Purchase a fuel stabilizer, which prevents gasoline breakdown (causing damage to the engine and fuel line) and allows you to keep the tank relatively full, which keeps out extra airspace. Airspace can lead to moisture and rust.
Take out the spark plugs and line the cylinder housings with oil. Again, this measure prevents corrosion. Change the oil and oil filter. Old oil has all sorts of byproducts and acids that can cause damage.


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