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Language is a purely human, non-instinctive method of communicating ideas, emotions and desires by means of system of symbols.



Characteristics of language


The following are the characteristics of language.

1. Language is non-instinctive: This implies that nobody speaks language as a result of response to stimuli, but a language is learned by those who belong to that speech community.

2. Language is creative: language provides the creativity that one needs to write it.
Novelling, poets, play-writes use language to create imaginary stories. Language can also be used to exaggerate and tell lies.

3. Language is dynamic: language has the ability to grow depending on the needs of the user.
It is open to the acceptance of new words, new pronunciation and new coinages.

4. Language is culture dependent: language can be said to be community oriented.
A person acquires a culture of another through language.
Example: A Nigerian born in china and speaks the Chinese language will have their culture and behave like them, because the attitude, believes, norms, values and ideas of a people are embedded in their language.

5. Language is arbitrary: This implies that a particular speech community names an item by convention. In other words there is no natural relationship between a word and what it signifies.

6. Language is systematic: This implies that language is an organized and patterned way of expression.
The words, sentences, sound systems and meaning system are designed to operate in and acceptable manner to the speech community. Any deviation from the pattern is not acceptable because it will not be understandable.
Example:
In English language modifiers come before the noun.

Uses of language
1.Communication: The most important and primary use of language is communication.
Communication simply means the giving, receiving and interpretation of information as well as the expression of feelings, thoughts, hopes and aspirations. Language has made the world a global village.
Languages coded in different forms and transmitted utilizing its various sophisticated channels such as Radio, television, computer, newspapers etc.
Language is necessary for effective communication.

2. Cultural transmission: Language and culture go hand in gloove, culture of a people cannot function properly without language.
Children learn the acceptable values, norms, customs and general behavioural patterns of their native community by interacting in their cultural environment.

3.Imagination and creativity: Language is used in expression of imaginations.
This type of use of language is applied in essay-writing, Noveling, poem and playwrights.
Imagination is expressed and creativity is displayed in the form of stories, jokes, plays, novels and poems for the enjoyment of all.

4.Emotional expression: An easy therapy to overcome nervousness when we are under stress is by the expression of ones feelings by the use of language. In our private moments, we sometimes talk to ourselves especially when we are experiencing an emotional problem.

5.Education: Language is an important tool in education without language there will be no means of communication between the teacher and the learner.

Language provides an interface for effective communication in the field of study, while carrying out researches and in extreme engineering works.

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Above all, language stands as a symbol of identity in a multilingual state