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MP007 (m)
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After the IOM report was published, more attention was focused on the issue of medical errors by the federal government, regulatory agencies, healthcare personnel and consumers. The IOM defines a medical error as “the failure of a planned action to be completed as intended or the use of a wrong plan to achieve an aim.”
One of the first questions commonly asked is, “Why are so many errors occurring?” Typically, individuals have been blamed for many of these mistakes. This “blame game” is the reason many healthcare providers are reluctant to report errors. In reality, however, errors are often the result of faulty systems that allow them to happen. Improvement of these systems can result in a dramatic decrease in errors at a facility. For example, a computerized medication system can help to prevent errors due to poor hand-writing or inappropriate medication orders. Therefore, the typical ways of dealing with errors, such as blaming individuals and providing additional training for them, are less effective ways to deal with errors.
Types of medication errors
There are many types of medical errors, and they can range in severity from no ill effects to serious injury, disability, or death. Some of the more common types of errors relate to:
Medications: Errors in prescribing, transcribing, dispensing, administering or monitoring medications. Surgery: Includes errors such as operating on the wrong site or leaving a surgical instrument inside the body. Diagnosis/Treatment: Failure to properly diagnose or treat in a timely manner Equipment: Errors due to misuse or lack of knowledge of equipment, for example. Infection: Development of an infection as a result of receiving healthcare. Injury: Harm occurs, such as a fall or the development of pressure ulcers.
Guidelines to Help Prevent Errors Even though medical errors are often related to systems problems, there are many things you can do to help prevent them:
Communicate effectively: Start by getting clear and accurate information about the care you are to give your assigned patients. Ask questions until you are satisfied that you have the necessary information to do your job properly. Write down any information you’ll need later.
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