Academic Excellence in Universities in Nigeria are
measured using the Grade Point Averages (GPA) and
Cumulative Grade Point Averages (CGPA). So it is
important that all students especially freshers have an
insight on how to calculate their CGPA so as to be able
to evaluate their academic performance from time to time
and improve.

Grading System in Nigeria.

Performance in exams and assessments for courses/
subjects/modules are classified into letter Grades which
represent a range of score or marks. A particular grade
point is assigned to these grades.

The University grading
System is shown in the table below.

Marks/Score

Letter Grade

Grade Point (GP)
70% and Above
A
5.00

60 – 69
B
4.00

50 – 59
C
3.00
45 – 49

D
2.00
40 – 44

E
1.00
0 – 39

F
0.00

How to Calculate Grade Point Average (GPA)

Every Course/subject/module carries a fixed number of
Credit Units (CU). Quality points (QP) are derived from
multiplying the Credit Units (CU) for a course by the
Grade Point (GP) earned by the student in that course.
Eg. If in a 3 Credit Unit course, a student scores 63%
which is a B with a Grade Point of 4, the Quality points
for the student in that course is 3 x 4 = 12.

Grade Point Average (GPA) is derived by dividing the
Total Quality point (TQP) for the semester by the Total
Credit Unit (TCU) for that semester.

Eg. If in a semester, a student earned 56 quality points
for 18 Credit Units, the students GPA is 56/18 = 3.11
Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) is derived by
adding the Total Quality Points (TQP) for all semesters
to date and dividing by the Total Credit Units (TCU) for
all semesters to date.

Eg. If a student earns a QP of 56 for 18 CU in the first
semester and earns QP of 67 for 20 CU in the second
semester, His CGPA is TQP/TCU = (56 + 67) / (18 + 20) =
123/38 =3.24

Below is a detailed example of how to calculate GPA and
CGPA

First Year, First Semester

Course Code
Credit Unit (CU)
Letter Grade
Grade Point (GP)
Quality Point (QP) = CU x GP

APC 100
3
B
4
12

PDP 101
2
C
3
6

APP 102
1
C
3
3

PPA 103
4
B
4
16

AIT 104
5
A
5
25

NTA 105
2
D
2
4

Total
17
66

QP = 66, CU = 17, TQP = 66, TCU = 17
GPA = QP/CU = 66/17 = 3.88
CGPA = TQP/TCU = 66/17 = 3.88

First Year, Second Semester
Course Code
Credit Unit (CU)
Letter Grade
Grade Point (GP)
Quality Point (QP) = CU x GP

APC 106
5
E
1
5

PDP 107
4
D
2
8

APP 108
5
B
4
20

AIT 109
3
F
0
0

NTA 110
3
A
5
15

Total
20
48

QP = 48, CU = 20, TQP = 66 + 48 = 114, TCU = 17 + 20
= 37
GPA = QP/CU = 48/20 = 2.40
CGPA = TQP/TCU = 114/37 = 3.08

NB: This Procedure is repeated for following years until
graduation.

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