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Nairaland Jamb Tutorial Centre {Biology Thread} - Education (3) - Nairaland

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2016 NAIRALAND JAMB TUTORIAL {the Physics Thread } / Nairaland Jamb Tutorial Centre. {NJTC} / Biology Thread (2) (3) (4)

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Re: Nairaland Jamb Tutorial Centre {Biology Thread} by Nobody: 9:34am On Dec 01, 2014
Dsd1pumpking:

Plz sir, try and create a whatsapp group to facilitate an easy chat. We're ready to co-operate,just leave your number .tnk
k. 09033976204
Re: Nairaland Jamb Tutorial Centre {Biology Thread} by Nobody: 6:12pm On Dec 01, 2014
Thanks microflux .. Am learning , God bless.. cool
Re: Nairaland Jamb Tutorial Centre {Biology Thread} by Nobody: 3:53am On Dec 02, 2014
Microflux:
pls teach body cell. Dats akordin to the sylabus i posted on page 0
since he has already started, let him just continue.
anyway I'm following
Re: Nairaland Jamb Tutorial Centre {Biology Thread} by Pennyways: 7:21am On Dec 02, 2014
Microflux:
pls teach body cell. Dats akordin to the sylabus i posted on page 0
alright, I'm sorry about that
Re: Nairaland Jamb Tutorial Centre {Biology Thread} by Nobody: 7:00pm On Dec 02, 2014
GOOD DAY CLASS
GENECTIC TERMINOLOGIES
THEY TERMS USED IN GENETICS.
Allele
An alternative form of a gene
that occurs at the same locus
on homologous
chromosomes, e.g., A, B, and
O genes are alleles.
Amorph
A silent gene that does not
produce a detectable product
(antigen), e.g., O genes in the
ABO BGS.
Aneuploidy
Having an abnormal number
of chromosomes, i.e., not an
exact multiple of the haploid
number. For example, Downs
syndrome (three #21
chromosomes) or Klinefelter
syndrome (XXY males).
Anticodon
A sequence of three bases in
tRNA that is complementary
to a codon in mRNA. Enables
tRNA to sequence amino
acids in the order specified
by mRNA.
Antithetical
Alternative forms of the same
antigen produced by allelic
genes, e.g., K and k antigens
in the Kell BGS or C and c
antigens in the Rh BGS.
Autosome
A non-sex chromosome.
Synonymous with somatic
chromosomes (chromosome
pairs 1-22).
Balanced polymorphism
An equilibrium of two or
more alleles that has
remained constant over long
periods of time.
Barr body
The sex chromatin, the visible
inactive X chromosome on
the somatic cell nuclear
membrane.
Beneficial gene
A gene that confirms a trait
that is advantageous to
survival and that increases in
frequency, e.g., the Fy gene
that produces the Fy(a-b-)
phenotype which makes West
Africans resistant to certain
types of malarial parasites.
Chimera
An extremely rare person
composed of cells derived
from different zygotes. Blood
group chimerism is shown by
mixed field agglutination
when antigen typing red cells.
Chimerism can be caused by
dizygotic twins exchanging
hematopoietic stem cells in
utero and continuing to form
blood cells that are genetically
different, or by dispermic
chimerism in which two
separate zygotes develop into
one person.
Chromosome
Rod-shaped structures within
the cell nucleus that carry
genes encoded by DNA.
Cis position
Genes in the cis position are
on the same chromosome of
a pair of homologous
chromosomes. Mainly relates
to the Rh BGS, e.g., in the
genotype CDe/cde, D and C
genes are in the cis position.
Cloned gene
A recombinant DNA molecule
with the gene of interest.
(Also see recombinant DNA.)
Co-dominant
Genes are co-dominant if
both alleles are expressed in
the heterozygous state, e.g., K
and k genes in the Kell BGS.
Codon
A sequence of three bases in
DNA or RNA that codes for a
single amino acid. Enables
specific proteins to be made
by specific genes.
Consanguinity
Having a common ancestor,
i.e., being blood relatives.
Mating between two first
cousins, for example, can be
termed a consanguineous
mating and is indicated in a
pedigree by a double bar
between the two parents.
Such mating can result in an
increased frequency of
offspring who are
homozygous for a recessive
autosomal trait possessed by
both parents, e.g. cystic
fibrosis or the amorphic type
of Rh null.
Crossing over
The exchange of genetic
material between members
of a pair of homologous
chromosomes. For example, if
a mating between a male
(MS/Ns) and a female (MS/MS)
results in an offspring who is
MS/Ms, the recombinant child
has occurred due to crossing
over in the father.
Deletion
An abnormality in which part
of a chromosome (carrying
genetic material) is lost.
Deleted phenotype
The condition in which
antigens that are normally
present are missing, e.g., the
Rh null phenotype in the Rh
BGS. Deleted phenotypes can
be caused by inheritance of
regulatory genes that do not
allow functional (antigen-
producing) genes to make
their products.
Diploid number of chromosomes
The number of chromosomes
found in somatic cells, which
in humans is 46.
Dizygotic twins
Twins produced from two
separate ova that are
separately fertilized, i.e.
fraternal twins. Only dizygotic
twins can exhibit blood
group chimerism (shown by
mixed field agglutination
when antigen typing red
cells).
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid.
Composed of nucleic acids,
these molecules encode the
genes that allow genetic
information to be passed to
offspring.
DNA polymerases
Enzymes that can synthesize
new DNA strands using
previously synthesized DNA
Re: Nairaland Jamb Tutorial Centre {Biology Thread} by Nobody: 7:03pm On Dec 02, 2014
Gamete
A reproductive sex cell (ovum
or sperm) with the haploid
number (23) of
chromosomes that results
from meiosis.
Gene
A segment of a DNA molecule
that codes for the synthesis
of a single polypeptide.
Gene flow
Changes in gene frequencies
that occur over long periods
of time due to migration in
which different populations
interbreed. An example is the
transfer of genes between
racial groups, e.g., the "white"
genes of the Duffy blood
group system (Fya Fyb) have
an increased frequency in U.S.
blacks compared to African
blacks.
Gene interaction
The situation in which genes
inherited at different loci
interact to produce red cell
phenotypes, e.g., Le le genes
interact with Hh and Se se
genes to produce the various
Lewis red cell phenotypes.
Genome
Term used to denote the
entire DNA sequence (gene
content) of a gamete, person,
population, or species.
Genotype
All of the alleles present at the
locus (or closely linked loci) of
a blood group system,
indicating chromosomal
alignment if appropriate, e.g.,
AO in the ABO BGS, CDe/cde in
the Rh BGS, or MS/Ns in the
MNSs BGS. Genotypes are
indicated by superscripts,
underlining, or italics.
Haploid number of
chromosomes
The number of chromosomes
found in sex cells, which in
humans is 23.
Hardy-Weinberg law
A law developed in 1908
independently by George
Hardy (an English
mathematician) and Wilhelm
Weinberg (a German
physician) that is the basis for
calculations used in
population genetics. The law
is described by the formula
p2 + 2pg + q2 = 100%,
where p is the frequency of
one allele, q is the frequency
of the other, p2 and q2 are
the homozygous frequencies,
and 2pg is the heterozygous
frequency. The formula allows
us to calculate the
frequencies of genes,
phenotypes, and genotypes
when the frequency of a
genetic trait is known.
Harmful gene
A gene that confirms a
harmful trait such that it is
reduced to a level at which it
is maintained only by
recurrent mutation, e.g., the
gene for hemophilia A, which
has a mutation rate of 1 in
10,000.
Hemizygous
Inheritance of an X-linked
gene in males, e.g. the Xga
gene or the gene for
hemophilia A is said to be
hemizygous in males since
they have only one X
chromosome.
Heterozygous
The situation in which allelic
genes are different, e.g. the
Kk genotype in the Kell BGS or
the Fya Fyb genotype in the
Duffy BGS.
Homologous chromosomes
A matched pair of
chromosomes, one from each
parent, e.g., two #6
chromosomes.
Homozygous
The situation in which allelic
genes are identical, e.g., the
KK genotype or the Fya Fya
genotype.
Re: Nairaland Jamb Tutorial Centre {Biology Thread} by Nobody: 7:06pm On Dec 02, 2014
Messenger RNA (mRNA)
Type of RNA polymerase
using DNA as a template.
Contains the codons that
encompass the genetic codes
to be translated into protein.
Mitosis
Cell division that results in the
formation of two cells, each
with the same number of
chromosomes as the parent
cells, i.e., cell division that
forms all new cells except sex
cells.
Modifying gene
A regulatory gene (usually at
a different locus than blood
group genes) that in some
way alters the expression of
the blood group genes. Also
called suppressor genes.
Monozygotic twins
Twins derived from a single
fertilized ovum, i.e., identical
twins.
Mutation
A permanent inheritable
change in a single gene
(point mutation) that results
in the existence of two or
more alleles occurring at the
same locus. Blood group
polymorphism has been
caused by mutations
occurring over long periods
of time.
Nondisjunction
The failure of two members
of a chromosome pair to
disjoin during anaphase. For
example, an offspring with
the AB/O genotype can be
produced if a group AB male
mates with a group O female
and nondisjunction happens
in the father.
Northern blot
A blotting method used to
analyze and detect RNA by
using a DNA probe that will
hybridize with its
complementary RNA strand.
Named for its similarity to the
Southern blot used to analyze
DNA.
Nucleic acids
Polymers of phosphorylated
nucleosides, the building
blocks of DNA and RNA.
Nucleoside
The building blocks of RNA
and DNA. Compounds
consisting of a purine
(adenine or guanine) or
pyrimidine (thymine or
cytosine) attached to ribose
(in RNA) or deoxyribose (in
DNA) at the 11 carbon.
Nucleoside analogue
Synthetic nucleosides that are
similar to nucleosides but
differ at a key location. When
incorporated into DNA, they
terminate DNA chains and
thus are useful as antiviral
drugs. Examples are
zidovudine (azidothymidine
or AZT) and dideoxyinosine
(ddI) used to treat AIDS.
Operator
A short sequence of
nucleotides that controls the
adjacent structural
(functional) genes.
Operon
A postulated unit of gene
action that consists of an
operator and the closely
linked functional genes it
controls.
Re: Nairaland Jamb Tutorial Centre {Biology Thread} by abdulzamali(m): 7:07pm On Dec 02, 2014
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Re: Nairaland Jamb Tutorial Centre {Biology Thread} by Nobody: 7:09pm On Dec 02, 2014
Polypeptides
Polymers of amino acids that
form the building blocks of
proteins.
Population genetics
The branch of genetics that
deals with how genes are
distributed in populations
and how gene and genotype
frequencies stay constant or
change. Calculations are
based on the Hardy-Weinberg
law.
Proband
The family member whose
phenotype leads to a family
study. Also called an index
case.
Proposita
A female proband.
Propositus
A male proband.
Recessive
Genes are recessive if the
phenotype that they code for
is only expressed when the
genes are homozygous, e.g.,
le le genes, in the Lewis
system or h h genes in the
ABO BGS.
Recombinant
A person who has a new
combination of genes not
found together on the
chromosome in either parent,
e.g., an MS/Ns offspring
whose parents are Ms/NS and
MS/MS. A recombinant results
from crossing over in one
parent.
Recombinant DNA
In molecular genetics,
artificially made DNA
composed of fragments of
DNA from different
chromosomes (often from
different species) that have
been joined together
(spliced) by genetic
engineering. For example,
healthcare workers are
routinely vaccinated with a
recombinant hepatitis B
vaccine made by inserting a
piece of the hepatitis B virus
genome (the part that codes
for the HB sAg) into yeast cells
via a plasmid. The yeast cells
then produce a large amount
of HB sAg, which is purified
into the vaccine and
stimulates the production of
protective anti-HB s
antibodies.
Regulatory genes
In the operon model, genes
that inhibit an operator gene
so that it prevents its
functional genes from
producing proteins.
Restriction endonucleases
DNA enzymes of bacterial
origin that can cleave DNA at
internal positions on a strand
because they recognize
specific sequences (usually
4-6 base pairs). The enzymes
evolved in bacteria as
defenses against the invasion
of foreign DNA in the form of
viruses or plasmids and are
used in molecular genetics to
chop up DNA at particular
locations.
Restriction fragment length
polymorphisms (RFLP)
Regions of DNA of varying
lengths that can be cut out of
DNA by restriction
endonucleases. Because the
fragment lengths vary among
individuals, they are
polymorphic and can be used
as genetic markers.
Reverse transcriptase
An RNA-dependent DNA
polymerase that synthesizes
DNA from an RNA template.
Used by retroviruses like the
human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV) to make proviral
DNA from its RNA genome.
Re: Nairaland Jamb Tutorial Centre {Biology Thread} by Nobody: 7:12pm On Dec 02, 2014
Sex chromosomes
The chromosomes that
determine sex. XX in females
and XY in males.
Sex-linked
An outdated term for genes
on the X chromosome.
Historically synonymous for X-
linked since, apart from
genes essential for male sex
determination, the Y
chromosome appears to have
few recognized gene loci.
Somatic chromosome
A non-sex chromosome
(soma=body). Synonym is
autosome.
Southern blot
A blotting method developed
in 1975 by E.M. Southern that
detects restriction enzyme-
cleaved DNA by use of a
labelled DNA probe that will
hybridize with its
complementary DNA strand.
X-chromosome
The sex chromosome present
in double dose in females (XX)
and in single dose in males
(XY).
X-linked
Genes on the X chromosome,
e.g., genes for hemophilia A,
hemophilia B, and Xga blood
group genes.
Y-chromosome
The sex chromosome present
only in males (XY).
Re: Nairaland Jamb Tutorial Centre {Biology Thread} by Nobody: 8:15pm On Dec 02, 2014
Pennyways:
alright, I'm sorry about that
plz just finish it, I already got homeostatic sunk into ma head
Re: Nairaland Jamb Tutorial Centre {Biology Thread} by Pennyways: 9:27pm On Dec 02, 2014
Preboy:

plz just finish it, I already got homeostatic sunk into ma head
alright, I ask permission from Microflux to continue
Re: Nairaland Jamb Tutorial Centre {Biology Thread} by Nobody: 9:36pm On Dec 02, 2014
Pennyways:
I wasn't the one created this thread, so I can't do otherwis, its either the moderator (the first teacher) permit me to do so.
I promise to work according to his curriculum and instructions.
pls, u cn finish it. Weldone
Re: Nairaland Jamb Tutorial Centre {Biology Thread} by Pennyways: 9:39pm On Dec 02, 2014
Microflux:
pls, u cn finish it. Weldone
thanks
Re: Nairaland Jamb Tutorial Centre {Biology Thread} by Pr0ton: 11:04pm On Dec 02, 2014
Pennyways:
thanks

Methinks we should get settled with one first. I would that Microflux continue.
Re: Nairaland Jamb Tutorial Centre {Biology Thread} by Pennyways: 6:50am On Dec 03, 2014
Pr0ton:


Methinks we should get settled with one first. I would that Microflux continue.
boss I'm really sorry for complicating the curriculum, but since I started this, please permit me to round it up.
Re: Nairaland Jamb Tutorial Centre {Biology Thread} by Pennyways: 7:06am On Dec 03, 2014
HORMONES
To day we shall study about the hormones and their role in homeostatic process.
sensitivity is an important characteristic of all living organisms. it is the ability to respond to external and internal stimuli. to do this, the different organ systems in a complex organisms have to work together. In animals, the co-ordination work is done by two communication networks: the hormones and the nervous system.
in this section, we shall study about the hormones and the role they play in co-ordination and homeostatic processes.

ENDOCRINE GLANDS

Many glands in the mammalian body produce serections. Some glands, like the salivary glands, deliver their secretions to wherever they are needed via ducts. These are known as excrine glands. Others secretory glands do not have ducts. Their secretions are diffuse directly into the bloodstream and transported to wherever they are needed. These glands are known as endocrine glands and their secretion are the hormones.
Re: Nairaland Jamb Tutorial Centre {Biology Thread} by Pennyways: 7:54am On Dec 03, 2014
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM IN HUMANS
The endocrine systems is compose of various endocrine glands positions in the human body. These glands may be
* discrete like the thyriod and adrenals, or
* groups of cells within other organs like the cell in the pancreas that produce insuline. Each endocrine gland may produce one or more hormones. The pitutary is known as the master endocrine gland since many of its hormones influence the activity of others glans, including many endocrine glands.
HYPOTHALAMUS This is a small body at the base of the forebrain, just above the pituitary gland. The hypothalamus regulates activities like temperature control, thirst and sleep. It collects information from other parts of the brain and sense organ via nerve impluse; and by monitoring the chemical level of hormones and other chemicals in the blood that flows through it.
It passes on the necessary information to the pituitary gland which then regulates the activity, directly of other glands, including the endocrine glands. Thus, the hypothalamus act as a link between the nervous system and the endocrine system. By monitoring the blood, it plays a central role in homeostatic processes.
Re: Nairaland Jamb Tutorial Centre {Biology Thread} by Pennyways: 9:23am On Dec 03, 2014
HORMONES: Secretions of Endocrine Glands
Hormones are chemical substances secreted by endocrine glands in response to various stimuli (both internal and external). They circulate in the bloodstream and exert their effects on certain organs known as target organs. These effects may be to
speed up (excite)
slow down (inhibit), or
alter
the activities of the target organs. A few hormones like thyroxin and growth hoemones exert their effects on all body cells. Thus, a hormone is usually define as a chemical messenger that is produced in one part of organs and bring about a specific effect in target organs some distance away.
Many hormones are involved in homeostatic processes, i.e. processes that maintain a constant internal enviroment. Some hormones control growth and devopment. A hormone may exert its effects on more than one organ at a time.
Normally, body responses to hormones are fairly slow, from a few hours to some days. Some body responses, like those occur during growth, sexual maturity and pregnancy, take months and years. An exception, however, is adrenaline which brings rapid body responses. The body only needs small amount of hormones to bring about their effects. These amount in blood are regulated by feedback mechanisms. All hormones are inactibated in the liver and excreted in urine, some within minutes, others within days. Hormones concerned with bringing about long-term effects are secreated continuously to maintain constant level. Serious illness can rise if and endocrine organ malfunction by producing too much or too little of its hormones.

Target organs and hormone action
A targer organs has cells with special receptor molecules on their surfaces. The appropriate hormone can fit into these receptor molecules and bring about its effects. These effects are usually achieved by
1. affecting the cell permeability to certain substances;
2. promoting protein syntesis; or
3. increasing the activity of certain enzymes.

1 Like

Re: Nairaland Jamb Tutorial Centre {Biology Thread} by Pennyways: 8:31am On Dec 04, 2014
IMPORTANT HORMONES AND THEIR FUNCTIONS

PITUITARY HORMONES


The pituitary gland, found just below the hypothalamus, consist of an anterior part and a posterior part. Both part release hormones which are either polypeptides or proteins.

Anterior pituitary hormones these hormones consist of
1. Several tropic hormones that regulate the activities of other endocrine glands (through homeostatic mechanisms);
2. The growth hormones; and
3. Prolactin.
their secretion are stimulated by chemicals produced by the hypothalamus and transported the pituitary in the bloodstream.

Posterior pituitary hormones
The anti diuretic hormone (ADH) and oxytocin are produced in the hypothalamus but stored in the posterior pituitary gland. Their secretions are stimulated by nerve impulses from the hypothalamus.

THYRIOD HORMONE

The thyriod glands, found in the neck close to the larynx, produce three main hormones, the most important being thyroxine
. Thyroxine is formed from an amino acid and iodine. Thyroxine regulates the growth and developement of all body cells. It also increases the rate at which glucose is oxidized in body cells, It increases the basal metabolic rate and, hence, heat production. It is therefore, extremely important to control the production of thyroxine.

Abnormalities due to thyroxine
Undersecretion of thyroxine before maturity causes cretinism. A cretin is physically underdeveloped (dwarfed in size), mentally retarded and sexually immature, in addition to being sluggish (a result of low metabolic rate). Cretinism can be prevented by detecting the condition early and treating with thyroxine supplements.
If undersecretion of thyroxine occurs after maturity, the person becomes physically and mentally sluggish, and obese, with a reduced heart rate lowerd body temperature. These effects are mainly due to a low metabolic rate. This condition is know as myxoedema. It can also be treated effectively with thyroxine suppliments. Undersecretion of thyroxine may be due to a defective thyriod or insufficient TSH production by the pituitary. A diet low in iodine also reduces thyroxine production. The thyriod gland comes under prolong stimulation by TSH (caused by a low thyroxine level in the blood). It becomes hyperactive and enlarges to form a hyperplastic goitre.
This is seen as a swelling in the front part of the neck. This condition can be cured simply by adding iodine suppliment to the diet.

Oversecretion of thyroxine also result in an enlarged thyriod gland, known as exophthalamic goitre. A person with such a condition is hyperactive, irritable, nervous and thin with bulging eyes. These effects are due to a high basal metabolic rate. This condition can be cured by surgically removing part of the thyriod gland or destroying some part of the thyroid cells by rediation.

PARATHYROID HORMONE
Attached to the thyroid gland are four tiny glands called parathyroid glands. These secrete the parathyroid hormone, which together with the thyroid hormone, calcitonin, regulates blood calcium levels. The parathyroid hormone raises the level of calcium ions in blood by
* releasing calcium from bones;
* increasing calcium absorption in the guts and
* reducing calcium excretion by the kidneys.
calcitonin lowers the level of calcium ions in blood by reversing these effects.
Re: Nairaland Jamb Tutorial Centre {Biology Thread} by Nobody: 3:07pm On Dec 09, 2014
DelePhd:
Ladies and Gentlemen, with the kind permission of the author (O.J. OLAOYE) of the number one textbook for JAMB Chemistry/Biology (EXplicit Chemistry - A Revision Course & Explicit Biology - A Revision Course). You can now get a free copy of excerpt of the book in pdf. Interested prospective JAMBite writing Chemistry/Biology should send me a mail to methyldelene@yahoo.com with the subject, FREE EXPLICIT CHEMISTR/BIOLOGY PDF.

N.B: Please don't drop your e-mail address here in other not to derail this thread. Goodluck!
so how much is the Book?
Re: Nairaland Jamb Tutorial Centre {Biology Thread} by DelePhd: 9:42am On Dec 12, 2014
iamdollypee:
so how much is the Book?

#1,000
Re: Nairaland Jamb Tutorial Centre {Biology Thread} by Nobody: 2:45pm On Dec 12, 2014
DelePhd:


#1,000
I sent an email msg to U concerning the PDF file of the book.. But you didn't reply..
Re: Nairaland Jamb Tutorial Centre {Biology Thread} by DelePhd: 11:16pm On Dec 12, 2014
iamdollypee:
I sent an email msg to U concerning the PDF file of the book.. But you didn't reply..

I did not get your e-mail. Please resend to methyldelene@yahoo.com
Re: Nairaland Jamb Tutorial Centre {Biology Thread} by Victar(m): 10:46am On Dec 18, 2014
Do we now have a group on WhatsApp cus nothing seems to be happening here.... undecided
Re: Nairaland Jamb Tutorial Centre {Biology Thread} by DelePhd: 12:54am On Jan 02, 2015
This video beautifully summarizes Explicit Biology and Explicit Chemistry as the student-trusted and success-oriented duos. Watch, like and share.


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Re: Nairaland Jamb Tutorial Centre {Biology Thread} by Vickoscatter(m): 2:54pm On Oct 25, 2016
Microflux:
u missed the it bruh! Chromosomes are rod-shaped bodies found in the nucleus of a cell and in which genes are located. Y GENES are are units of inheritance composed of DNA and located in chromosome. But the 2nd question is sumhow confusing, because of the ' normally' b4 d question had it bin there is notin lyk normally b4 the question the answer will be E. Environment also deter character but normally its gene and hormones. Thanks. So 1. E 2. D

I don't think no. 1 answer is E, the answer is C, because as you said, chromosomes are thread-like, gene-carrying bodies in the cell nucleus and the question asks for the carrier of the hereditary characters in plants and animals, so if genes are the unit of inheritance or the hereditary characters, and chromosomes are gene-carrier, that makes chromosomes the carrier of the hereditary characters in plants and animals
Re: Nairaland Jamb Tutorial Centre {Biology Thread} by Hardebaryor(m): 7:57am On Dec 21, 2017
DelePhd:
Ladies and Gentlemen, with the kind permission of the author (O.J. OLAOYE) of the number one textbook for JAMB Chemistry/Biology (EXplicit Chemistry - A Revision Course & Explicit Biology - A Revision Course). You can now get a free copy of excerpt of the book in pdf. Interested prospective JAMBite writing Chemistry/Biology should send me a mail to methyldelene@yahoo.com with the subject, FREE EXPLICIT CHEMISTR/BIOLOGY PDF.

N.B: Please don't drop your e-mail address here in other not to derail this thread. Goodluck!
Hello sir can you please help me with the explicit biology pdf files. The hard copy is not currently in market. My email is Ibrahimkukar2@gmail.com
Re: Nairaland Jamb Tutorial Centre {Biology Thread} by Posh(m): 8:16am On Dec 21, 2017
Microflux:
CELL
I know you have been taught this in your primary school days. But notwithstanding.
The cell is the basic unit of the body and the study of heredity is centred on the NUCLEUS of a living cell. However, not much was mentioned in your primary and early secondary school days about its hereditary properties. Within the nucleus of the cell are materials that control the heredity of the individual. We should remember that only the chromosome is involved in heredity which is determined during the process of meiosis during gametogenesis. Gametogenesis is when the spermatozoa and the ovum fuse together then mitosis will take place dividing the somatic cell to form the zygote. This are the stages of formation of a baby.
Gametogenesis -> zygote -> foetus -> baby. A pregnancy is abortable easily at the zygote/ early foetus stage.
Diagram of a cell below.
..... Fertilisation is the fusion of the spermatozoon with d ovum...nd nt gametogenesis. Gametogenesis is the production of sperms thro spermatogenesis or ovum..thro..oogenesis.. Nice write up.. Am impressed..

1 Like

Re: Nairaland Jamb Tutorial Centre {Biology Thread} by DelePhd: 5:06pm On Dec 21, 2017
Hardebaryor:
Hello sir can you please help me with the explicit biology pdf files. The hard copy is not currently in market. My email is Ibrahimkukar2@gmail.com

It is now available, in fact they now have "Explicit Use of English" for JAMB-UTME. Vheck Abiodun or Abikoye bookshop around Yaba, Tejuosho.
Re: Nairaland Jamb Tutorial Centre {Biology Thread} by Hardebaryor(m): 5:12pm On Dec 21, 2017
DelePhd:


It is now available, in fact they now have "Explicit Use of English" for JAMB-UTME. Vheck Abiodun or Abikoye bookshop around Yaba, Tejuosho.
I live in ife sir and i come to Osogbo once in a while. When will it be available in tgose two areas
Re: Nairaland Jamb Tutorial Centre {Biology Thread} by DelePhd: 11:09am On Dec 23, 2017
Hardebaryor:
I live in ife sir and i come to Osogbo once in a while. When will it be available in tgose two areas

Check Apex Tutors at Mayfair in Ife and David Great Tutors in Ife by January.

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2009/2010 Nubapoly Zaria Admission Is Out / Which Have Better Job Opportunities, Biochemistry Or Microbiology? / Federal University Of Technology (futo) Aspirants Thread 2016/2017

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