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Working in a confined spaces can be fatal, because of a lack of oxygen, an explosion or airborne contaminant. Confined spaces can be found in tanks, pits, pipes, chimneys, silos, sewers, shafts, wells, pressure vessels, trenches and tunnels.

Confined space could be in our houses or workplaces but we must ensure safety precautions are taken before entering this place.

General requirements for employers
Assess the risks
Someone with the right knowledge and skills must prepare a written assessment of all the possible risks of entering, or working in or near, a confined space. That person needs to review and revise it when necessary, and it should include:

whether the work can be done without entering the space
the nature of the space
the amount of oxygen and airborne contaminant in the space – and whether the amount is likely to change
the type of work, the range of options for doing the work and how it will be carried out
emergency and rescue procedures.
Use a permit
Before someone enters a confined space, you must give them an entry permit (written by a competent person) that includes:

a description of the space
the names of those allowed to enter the space
the time the permit is valid
the things to do before work commences (eg cleansing and entry) and during work (eg continuous communication with, and monitoring of, workers)
a section for the competent person to acknowledge that everyone has left the space.
The permit applies to one space only, but it allows one or more workers multiple entries.

When the work is finished, make sure the acknowledgment confirms that everyone has left the space.

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