Most people who recover from COVID-19 develop long-lasting immunity from the coronavirus, research shows. For them, it only takes one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine to induce rapid antibody production, a new Temple University study found. A second shot results in little to no increase in antibody production. People who had COVID-19 prior to vaccination may not need a second dose, Temple researchers said."Our study shows that the presence of immune memory induced by prior infection alters the way in which individuals respond" to the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines, said Dr. Steven G. Kelsen, a professor in the department of thoracic medicine and surgery."The lack of response after the second vaccine dose in previously infected individuals is especially relevant, because it could mean that some people may require only one dose or could potentially skip the booster shot."By contrast, people with no prior COVID-19 illness had the opposite response to vaccination, researchers found. They had a more accelerated antibody response after their second doses – not their first. But the high levels generated by the second dose plummeted relatively quickly.