WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT CELL PHONE HARDWARE REPAIR AND SERVICES
The cell phone is a minicomputer with hardware and software components that are interdependent, any of them can be the cause of a fault. You need to identify the source of the problem, any visible component you can feel or touch is called the hardware while software is set of instructions or programmes that allow your handset perform specific functions or task. A good interpretation of the functions you are carrying out is done by the software. Hardware and software are mutually interdependent; one cannot function without the other, malfunctioning of either or both renders the phone useless.
A good technician must understand how the system operates to be effective in carrying out corrective operation on cell phones. When a cell phone is switched on the first thing it does is to check if the SIM card is inserted, followed by its acceptability. If the SIM card is accepted, the cell phone will undergo self -test operation, then booting to service mode for it to transmit and receive calls perfectly.
Malfunctioning of any of the three major areas of PCB-power, audio and RF sections renders the cell phone useless, and steps should be taken to rectify the fault.

HARDWARE REPAIRING TOOLS/EQUIPMENT
1. Analog/digital multitester
2. Torque screwdrivers/precision tools
3. Tweezers
4. Soldering lead and paste
5. Lead sucker
6. Digital power supply
7. Cutter
8. Nose pliers
9. Brush
10. SMD rework station
11. Magnifying desk lamp
12. Ultrasonic cleaner
13. Board holder
14. Regular power source
15. Signal chart books

BASIC COMPONENETS OF CELL PHONE
1. Antenna (internal and external, fixed or extendable)
2. Earpiece/speaker
3. Mouthpiece/microphone
4. LCD (display screen)
5. Camera lens (not in all)
6. Buzzer (ringer)
7. vibrator/silent alert
8. Flex (not in all)
9. PCB (main board)
10. Battery pack
11. Keypad and buttons
12. Charging port
13. Housing/casing

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HOW TO CARE FOR YOUR CELL PHONE BATTERY
The battery of your cell phone is the source of power for the operation of your phone. The capability of the battery to supply needed power for the running of the handset makes for effective use of all the gadgets, features and functions which the phone has. It is therefore very important to note these basic steps to care for your cell phone battery.
There are different types of batteries with varied life span. The battery life is determined by standby time and talk time of the phone.

HOW TO HANDLE BATTERIES
We need to know a little about battery for proper handling and management .battery life is affected by many variables like: charging procedures, distance from base station, usage mode, the type of battery and the temperature at which it is stored.

CARE FOR NEW BATTERIES
They come in an uncharged condition. For new batteries to reach their full rated capacity, they should be fully charged and fully discharged two to four times. Unplugging the AC adapter and leaving the cell phone turned on until completely discharged or low battery warning can discharge most batteries.

New batteries should be charged for about 5hours while the old ones take 1 to 4 hours based on the depletion level. Avoid overcharging your cell phone which may shorten the life span of your battery. Most manufacturers usually state that if the battery is charged more than 4 hours you risk damaging it by overcharging. Regular over charging may also damage the charging system of the cell phone. For longer life span, batteries should not be left dormant for extended period of time. They should be used periodically for effectiveness.

ELIMINATING MEMEORY EFFECT

A reduction in capacity caused by repeated charging before the battery has been discharged completely is referred to as memory effect, this is quite common, phone users do it often times without knowing the effect it has on their battery. Most batteries suffer memory effect; the NiCad batteries suffer memory effect. If the battery is recharged before it is completely discharged, it will only charge to the level of which the battery was last discharged due to accumulation of gas bubbles on the cell plates. if a battery is discharged to 25% and then recharged, the battery will only charge 25% of its capacity and thus shrinking the battery’s power capability. the best way to eliminate memory effect and remove the accumulated gas bubbles on the cell plates is to condition it i.e. draining the battery until your phone shuts off, then recharging fully for about two to four times.

BATTERY STORAGE
Keeping the battery in cold or hot places will reduce the capacity and lifetime of the battery. A phone with a hot or cold battery may temporarily not work; even if the battery is fully charged batteries should be stored in a cool dry place.

BATTERY REPLACEMENT
A battery can be charged and recharged hundreds of times but it will eventually wear out. when the operating time(talk time and standby time)is noticeably shorter than normal, for instance if your battery used to last 3 days and now only lasts for say 10 hours, it is time to replace the battery.
In general, a rechargeable battery has a long service life span if treated properly. A new battery or one that has not been used (dormant) for a long time could have a reduced capacity the first few time that it is used. If for any reason you are not going to use your cell phone for a long period of time, it is advisable you remove the battery.

The talk time and standby time depend on the actual transmission condition when using the phone. The network you are using and the condition of the battery pack can affect battery life. Avoid areas of poor reception. If the phone is used near a base station, less power is required and standby time is prolonged.
One way to maintain the battery existing charge is to turn off the phone when not in use. If you have voice mail service, you do not have to worry about missing your calls when the cell phone is off because you can always check your messages when you turn it back on. in conclusion of care of your cell phone battery, take not of these

-If you are charging a new battery or a battery that has run out completely (i.e. deeply discharged), it may take up to 25 minutes or more before the battery meter appears in the display showing that the battery is being charged, it takes some time for sufficient power in the phone to light the battery indicator. In this case you cannot turn on the phone before the indicator appears in the display.
-Do not expose the battery to extreme temeperatures, never above 60 degrees centigrade (140 degree Fahrenheit).for maximum battery capacity, use the battery in room temeperature.if used in low temperature, its capacity will be reduced.
The silent and loud alert should not be enabled at the same time for longer life span of the battery.
-Avoid playing games, if you are playing game ensure that the background light and sound are off, this helps.
-Do not let the metal contact on the battery touch another metallic object, this could cause short-circuit and damage the battery.
-Do not expose the battery to open flame. This could cause explosion.
Batteries should not be put into the mouth; battery electrolyte may be toxic if swallowed

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