₦airaland Forum

God help us

Namaster:
Politicians will NEVER sign off on that.

The ONLY reason they got into Politics is to LOOT and LOOT and LOOT. Then when you think they are done, they'll LOOT some more.

A state governor that has done NOTHING for his state in 3 years would appoint MORE THAN 200 special assistants.

A senator that has NOT sponsored a bill in years would travel in a convoy of 6-7 cars. His entourage are wined and dined on public fund. Then he'll still get money for some hardship allowance.

Politicians EVERYWHERE are vessels of corruption and conduits for the rot in every society. Sane societies just try to curb their excesses with strong institutions and a solid constitution.

But Nigerians GLORIFY them. They defend them because of tribalism and ignorance. So they'll continue to get fleeced until kingdom come.

correct

Excellentbuy:
Faseun was a fealess warror of democracy.

He fought the military head on without fear.

He is one of the true heroes who laboured to make this country great. May his labour not be in vain.

CONTINUE TO REST IN PEACE GREAT ONE.

hmmm

What Is A Cooling System?

WATCH HERE

A cooling system is basically a four-cylinder vehicle that completes its journey producing 4000 explosions per minute inside the engine, when the spark plugs explode in each cylinder to move the vehicle. These explosions produce a great amount of heat that needs to be controlled. If they are not controlled they will destroy the vehicle. The controlling of these temperatures is primarily the job of the cooling system. The modern cooling systems are more efficient and reliable than those cooling systems of the 20’s.


How Does a Cooling System Work?

The coolant flows from the water pump, through the ways which are located inside the engine block. On its way it gathers the heat produced by the cylinders. After that it goes up to the cylinder head (or heads in a V type engine) where it collects the residual heat from the combustion chambers. Then the coolant makes its way to the thermostat in case the thermostat is opened to allow the fluid to pass. From there the coolant goes through the thin flattened tubes that make up the core of the radiator.

Inside there, the coolant is cooled by the air flow through the radiator. From here it flows out of the radiator by the lower radiator hose. It then goes back to the water pump. After this stage the temperature of the coolant is reduced and it can gather more heat from the engine. The capacity of a cooling system depends upon the engine. The cooling system for a bigger and powerful engine in a heavy vehicle will need high capacity than a compact car with a comparatively much smaller engine. In a bigger vehicle the radiator is bigger with numerous tubes for the coolant to flow through.


Types of Cooling System

There are two main types of a car engine cooling system:

● Air cooling system.

● Water cooling system.

Air Cooling System

They are found mostly in older cars and motorcycles, an air-cooled system where the engine block is covered in aluminum fins that conduct the heat away from the cylinder. A powerful fan forces air over these fins, which cools the engine by transferring the heat to the air.

The quantity of heat reduced by the air-cooling depends upon factors such as the total area of the fin surfaces, the velocity/amount of the cooling air and also the temperature of the fins and the temperature of the cooling air.

Air-cooling is mostly used in fewer horsepower engines like motorcycles, scooters, small cars, and small air car engines where the forward motion of the machine gives good velocity to cool the engine. Air-cooling is also offered in compact industrial engines.

Water Cooling System

In the water cooling systems, there are jackets that are provided along the cylinders, cylinder heads, valves, and seats. When the water circulates the jackets absorbs the heat of combustion. Then, the hot water will be cooling the radiator with the help of a fan for the moving of a car. The cooled water will again circulate through the jackets.


Components of Cooling System in Engine

The main parts of a cooling system are explained below

1. Water Pump: The basic function of a water pump is to ensure the motion of the coolant when the engine is running. The water pump turns in the direction of the engine, wherever it is running. A part called fan belt is present whose function is to drive the water pump as well as the alternator.

2. Radiator: The core of the radiator core is composed of flattened aluminum tubes. There are also aluminum strips in zigzag shape sandwiched between the tubes. The function of these fins is to carry the heat in the tubes into the air stream. This heat is eventually transferred away from the vehicle. A plastic tank is located on either end of the radiator core. This tank covers the ends of the radiator.

The tubes are placed horizontal with the tanks on both the sides in the latest radiator designs. In the olden days the radiator core was made with copper and the tanks were made from brass. The cheap and easily manufactured aluminum- plastic system is very popular these days. It is more efficient too.

3. Thermostat: Thermostat is a device (valve) used to determine the temperature of the coolant. If the coolant is hot enough, the thermostat opens to allow the coolant to flow through the radiator. When the coolant is not of high temperature then the flow to the radiator is constrained. In such condition, there is a provision of a bypass system. The fluid goes to the bypass system and gets back to the engine.

This system is important as it maintains the constant and continuous flow of coolant throughout the engine. This continuous flow maintains the temperature and eradicates the formation of hot spots. When the flow to the radiator is choked, optimum operating temperature of the engine is achieved sooner. This will aid in a cold day by allowing the heater to start supplying high temperature air to the inside very fast.

4. Coolant Temperature Sensor (CTS): The coolant temperature sensor functions to check the temperature of the engine. The ECU uses this information to regulate fuel injection and ignition time. There are many types of engines; some engines have numerous coolant temperature sensors while some have just one. The information is also used to control the radiator fan and update the driver console’s temperature gauge.

Most coolant temperature sensors are negative Temperature coefficient type, which means as the temperature increases, the resistance will decrease. The CTS can have a two-pin type or a three-pin type, depending on the make of the vehicle.

5. Coolant (Antifreeze Water): The coolant in today’s vehicles is the mixture of ethylene glycol (Antifreeze) and water. The recommended ratio is fi y-fi y. In simple words, one part antifreeze and one part water. This is the minimum recommendation that is used in automobile engines. Less antifreeze and the boiling point must be too low. For temperatures less than 0 degrees- 75% antifreeze and 25% water is ideally required. Pure antifreeze should not be used as it will not be much efficient.

6. Radiator Cooling Fan: There is one or more than one electric fan inside the radiator is present which are located at the rear side of the radiator on the side nearest to the engine. There is a casing on these fan for safety purpose and to regulate the air flow. The primary function of radiator cooling fan is to maintain the air flow passing through the radiator when the speed of the vehicle is reduced or the vehicle is stopped. Whenever the vehicle stops with the engine being on, these fan reduce the temperature of the engine.


7. Heater Core: Another function of the hot coolant is to provide heat to the inside of the vehicle whenever needed. This mechanism is composed of a heater core which is connected to the cooling system with two rubber hoses. One hose fetch the hot coolant from the water pump to the heater core. The second hose sends back the coolant to the top of the engine.

8. Hoses: Numerous rubber hoses are used to connect the different parts of the cooling system. The main hoses are known as the upper and lower radiator hoses respectively. The hoses are nearly 2 inches in diameter

9. Head Gasket and Manifold Gasket: An IC engine is composed of an engine block and 1 or 2 cylinder heads. The surfaces where the block and head meet are made flat for a tightly closed fit. However, completely watertighting is not possible in order to prevent the combustion gases from flowing out. For sealing the blocks to the heads, a head gasket is put into use.

10. Freeze Plugs: When an engine block is fabricated, special sand is molded to the shape of the coolant passages in the engine block. This sand figure is located inside a mold. Into this mold liquid(molten) iron or aluminum is poured to form the engine block. The sand is slacken after the casting is cooled. Then the casting is removed through the holes in the engine block. The coolant then flows through these holes. These holes are then plugged so that the coolant doesn’t drain out.

The 2024/2025 Nigerian Agip Exploration (NAE) Post Graduate Scholarship Award Scheme is now accepting applications, with the goal of supporting Nigerian graduates’ educational pursuits.

NAE, on behalf of the NNPC/NAE PSC, is committed to promoting employee training and development through its Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) programs.




Qualified Nigerian graduates are encouraged to apply for this scholarship opportunity, which includes two types of awards.

According to the National Population Commission, Nigeria’s population is around 220 million, with youth accounting for 50% of the total. Despite this large youth population, more than 42% remain unemployed, with a sizable proportion underemployed, according to the Nigerian Bureau of Statistics.

READ MORE:

https://crispng.com/apply-nigerian-agip-exploration-is-accepting-application-for-it-post-graduate-scholarship-award-scheme/

By
Tom Garba

On June 13, 2023, when President Bola Ahmed Tinubu issued a proclamation announcing the commencement of the legislative activities of the Nation Assembly, Rt Hon Zacharia Dauda Nyammpa, officially assumed office for the second term as the House of Representatives (HoR) Member representing the good people of Michika/ Madagali of Adamawa State. This is to say Dauda is marking his fifth year as a ranking House of Representatives (HoR) federal Lawmakers.

But long before that day marked that his historic journey for him and the people of Michika/Madagali, Nyampa had hit the ground running. The moment his victory was announced by the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) following his shocking defeat of the ruling All Progressives Congress (APC) candidate, Hon Joseph Kwada (Depolis) by a landslide, he began moves to consolidate his earlier groundwork on the needs of his constituents in the Adamawa Northern Senatorial District to gain more of Democratic dividends.

Since taking charge as the lawmaker representing the good people of Michika/Madagali, Dauda had a background as a Financial expert, a chartered account and a fellow of USA, and UK accountants, and his first term of Representation (2019-2023) was a testament of a good leader who is so dear to his people.

Many would say that Dauda's ascent to political prominence at a relatively young age is a testament to his capabilities and the trust placed in him by the people of Michika/Madagali. His accomplishments have already left an indelible mark on the political landscape of his state. His ability to bring people together, irrespective of party lines and Party differences, and his unwavering dedication to the welfare of his constituents are qualities that have not only distinguished him but have also earned him the respect of both his colleagues and the general public.

Dauda has indeed been up and doing with the ultimate aim and objective of positively touching the lives of his constituents. This man of amazing Grace has continued to triumph over the vicissitudes of his political life, trials, tribulations, and torments from his political foes even before he won the coveted seat to represent his people in the National Assembly. After trouncing his opponents in the 2023 National Assembly election, he was made to pass through the furnace of fire, as his adversaries amassed false allegations targeted at truncating his electoral victory.

But trust the Man of Destiny, Dauda weathered the storm and came out unharmed from the furnace fire of political attacks of his opponents. All you see in him is a Young Man driving with vision and admiration to deliver the dividends of democracy for his people. He decked around fortunes of excellence representation and eyeing opportunities in the national assembly to scramble what is good for the people of Michika and Madagali.

In his zest to bring development in the state, most importantly to the people is having their voice heard strongly in the national assembly. As a matter of urgency and public interest, the visionary and focused leader in his fifth year of giving good stewardship to the people is vigorously sponsoring three people-oriented bills.

A bill for the establishment of the Federal University Of Solid Minerals and Development Michika which has passed a second reading will soon be for public hearing. This was unmasked his excellent performance on the floor of the Green Chambers and it's no doubt worth a celebration.

The other bill sponsored by Dauda is for the establishment of a Federal College of Medical Laboratory Technology (Michika) and Federal College Of Nursing And Midwifery (Madagali.) are also receiving last attention on the floor of the house for second and third readings respectively.

Other bills sponsored by Nyampa are the National Cotton, Textile and Garment (CTG) Development Council (Establishment) Bill, the 2024 Establishment Bill (2022) for the Chartered Institute of Local Government Administration, and the Bill for the establishment of the National Directorate of Employment Act (Amendment) 2023 will soon pass into law.

Nyampa has an amendment bill of 2023 for the Institute Of Chartered Accountants in Nigeria Act Invalidation of $2.4 Billion Forward Contract Deals by the Central Bank of Nigeria (HR. 90/02/2024) and the Amendment act of Agricultural Research Council Of Nigeria is getting fast attention.


Dauda who has come up with the agenda to liberate the Youth of his Constituency, designed a template to generate Youth employment. He goes ward by ward to make sure that many Youth areas are employed. Many of them are in Nigeria Military, immigration, Nigeria customs services, Prisons, the Navy, the Nigerian Police, and the Nigerian civil defense. Many of them also have gained employment with several. tertiary institutions across the country as Lecturers and others belong to the nonacademic as civil servants.

During his five years in office as the representative of the people of Michika and Madagali, the visionary der as a matter of concern up the burdens of many people because of the economic backlash. He always distributes food and nonfood items as palliatives to all the political wards. His supports for the less privileged in the area of Business, in the area of Education by paying their school fees, facilitating their admissions into higher institutions, and the payment of WEAC, and NECO for those in their final years in secondary schools.

Community service delivery to showcase his inclusive representation, Dauda constructed Many boreholes in the communities of Michika and Madagali and constructed a block of classrooms in almost all the wards in his constituency. He facilitated the construction of bridges, especially those destroyed by Boko Haram menace activities, and roads were constructed in many communities.


Dauda has one of the best empowerment programs in Adamawa State, this he does in different areas of endeavors, especially for artisans, Farmers, and small and medium enterprises individuals by providing them with sewing m agricultural mechanized equipment, improved seeds, fertilizer, and capital. To many others over the past five years, he gave vehicles esp, especially to the political wards in Michika and Madagali.

His vision for the Youths is underlying and his call to them at all times is to pursue and make sure they have access to education while assuring them that he will work hard to see to the establishment of the schools with a follow-up of its bill third reading in the sooner possible time.

His five years in office have changed the perception of many people on how they see Dauda, including myself. This is because he surprised many people with the way and manner he represented them in the national assembly. His bills and motions, his community services, his empowerment, and his voice being heard all the time for the people have made me see Dauda as a Man whose destiny is called to serve, and his leadership strides are to develop and improve the lives of people.

Suffice it to say that Dauda has been sacrificial and forgiving while at the same time exhibiting values of love, peace, joy, patience, kindness, humility, gentleness, and meekness. He has forgiven his enemies and traducers seventy times seventy and has moved on. He’s a man who doesn’t bear malice against anyone. He has continued to trudge on with his eyes on the ball, shunning unnecessary distractions, despite the various shenanigans by his political opponents and enemies within even the PDP in his constituency and Adamawa State as a whole. He has continued to place service to the people before his personal considerations and self.

For all these, I remember him today as he marks his fifth anniversary in office. While celebrating him as a leader of thoughtful character and genuine love for his constituents. I wish him all the best and pray for him to grow above his weaknesses and primordial sentiments as he continues to support Governor Ahmadu Umaru Fintiri of Adamawa State who is changing the narrative, and recreating history in the state. Congratulations Sir.


Tom Garba, PSLC, FIMC, PSPS, FMBC
Is a Journalist, CEO/MD of the General news, Publishers of Tgnews

Hahahaha

Congratulations

Glimpsetv:
This woman's hilarious testimony has everyone in stitches as the church members are seen laughing uncontrollably, particularly a woman who laughed so hard that she fell off her chair.

The woman came forward to give a testimony, saying that she has been helping her husband very well. According to her, before now, her husband used to fall sick frequently and always had symptoms of malaria and typhoid on his mouth. However, since she started giving him breasts to suck regularly, her husband has not been getting sick.

Did you know that breastfeeding your husband can keep him healthy? Well, now you know. Hahaha!


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PdFs6FWOSAk

wonders shall never end

ednut1:
Corn, turkey, chicken, beef 😁

beautiful