₦airaland Forum

Early Detection is the Ultimate Key.
Why not take a bold step today and be free from the risk!
Do A MAMMOGRAM today for your Screening or Early Detection.

Visit us today at:
6, Maitama Sule street, off Awolowo Road, Ikoyi, Lagos
Tel: 08101688093, 08089138631, 07045958989
OR
12, Salvation Road, Opebi Ikeja Lagos.
4, Mojidi Street, Off Toyin Street, Ikeja Lagos.
Tel:08039494531, 07088727358, 01-9500952
Website: www.stivesng.com

The news that a 57-year old woman just delivered of a baby is disbelief or at best, the incidence would be regarded as a miracle from God. This is because it is expected that such a woman's reproductive 'clock' must have ticked away as she must have reached her menopause. However, the strong resolution of the woman to have children took her to an assisted conception centre, St. Ives Specialist Hospital in Lagos for a help and despite the skepticism expressed, she insisted on going through the procedure having made up her mind to get what she wanted.

It was indeed a success!

Visit us today at:
6, Maitama Sule street, off Awolowo Road, Ikoyi, Lagos
Tel: 08101688093, 08089138631, 07045958989
OR
12, Salvation Road, Opebi Ikeja Lagos.
4, Mojidi Street, Off Toyin Street, Ikeja Lagos.
Tel:08039494531, 07088727358, 01-9500952
Website: www.stivesng.com

Ifyemma: pls i want to know the cost of ivf and the best center in nigeria. thanks

The Best Center is:

St. Ives, IVF & Fertility Unit is committed to providing state-of-the-art assisted reproductive techniques (ART) such as IVF, ICSI, IUI, ,Sperm & Embryo Freezing etc... at an "AFFORDABLE" cost with a resultant high pregnancy rate, in a comfortable informal atmosphere.

St. Ives Specialist Hospital
6, Maitama Sule street, off Awolowo Road, Ikoyi, Lagos.
Tel: 08101688093, 08089138631, 07045958989
OR
12, Salvation Road, Opebi Ikeja Lagos.
4, Mojidi Street, Off Toyin Street, Ikeja Lagos.
Tel:08039494531, 07088727358, 01-9500952

Sometimes nature needs help to start a pregnancy - and the doctor can do this by giving the sperm a piggy back ride through a fine tube into the body. This procedure is called intrauterine insemination (IUI) or Artificial Insemination with Husband's sperm (AIH) - and effectively, the doctor is giving nature hand by increasing the chances of egg and sperm meeting.

WHEN IS IUI USED FOR TREATMENT INFERTILITY

IUI is useful when:
1. The woman has a Cervical mucus problem - for example, it may be a scanty or may be hostile to the sperm. With an intrauterine insemination(IUI) the sperm bypass her cervix and enters the uterine cavity directly.

2. The man has antibodies to his own sperm. The "good" sperm which have not been affected by the antibodies are separated in the laboratory and used for IUI.

3. if the man cannot ejaculate into his partner's vagina. This is usually because of the psychological problems such as impotence (inability to get and maintain an erection) and vaginismus (an involuntary spasm of the vaginal 'muscles' so that vaginal penetration is not possible); or anatomic problems of the pen*s, such as uncorrected hypospadias; or if he is paraplegic.

4. The man suffers from retrograde ejaculation in which the semen goes backward into the bladder instead of coming out of the penis.

5. For Unexplained infertility, since the technique of IUI increases the eggs and the sperm meeting.

6. If the husband is away from the wife for long stretches of time (for example, husbands who work on ships or work abroad), his sperm can be frozen and stored in a sperm bank and used to inseminate his wife even in his absence.

7. Low sperm count, low motility... to be Continued......

Visit us today at:
6, Maitama Sule street, off Awolowo Road, Ikoyi, Lagos
Tel: 08101688093, 08089138631, 07045958989
OR
12, Salvation Road, Opebi Ikeja Lagos.
4, Mojidi Street, Off Toyin Street, Ikeja Lagos.
Tel:08039494531, 07088727358, 01-9500952
Website: www.stivesng.com

Jaundice fact sheet

• Jaundice means yellowish discoloration of the skin and eyes
• It is caused by high levels of a substance called bilirubin in the blood
• It is a common condition in newborn babies:
o Almost two-thirds of healthy babies born at term (i.e. having completed 9 months of pregnancy) will experience some level of jaundice in the first 2 weeks of life
o premature babies are even more likely to develop jaundice than term babies: virtually all the babies born before the 7th month of pregnancy will have jaundice requiring treatment at some point.

• Jaundice is caused by a breakdown of red blood cells.
• Red blood cells are what give blood its red colour. The type of red blood cells used by babies when in the womb is different from the type that they need once they are born and start breathing air. Their bodies start producing the new type of red cells while destroying the one that they had been using before. It is this destruction of red cells that often times leads to a baby becoming jaundiced.

• That said, jaundice can also be a sign of serious diseases such as
o neonatal sepsis: a severe bloodborne infection
o isoimmune hemolytic disease: a reaction caused by the mother and baby having different blood groups
o G6PD deficiency: an inherited disease that makes the baby react to certain substances found in products like mentholatum, camphor and dusting powder
• Although jaundice in a newborn baby can be seen with the naked eye, this is NOT a reliable way of testing for jaundice
• If you suspect your baby is jaundiced, bring your baby at once to the hospital where a laboratory test will be done to determine if the baby is jaundiced, and what the level of the jaundice is
• What is done for the baby after that will depend on the lab result as well as several other factors

Some treatments that are commonly given to jaundiced babies include:
1. Phototherapy
2. Exchange blood transfusion (EBT): is done if the level of bilirubin is so high that the baby stands a risk of permanent brain damage or death. An EBT involves slowly removing the baby’s blood while at the same time replacing it with blood from someone who doesn’t have jaundice.
3. Nothing: for many babies the bilirubin in their blood does not reach the level where either phototherapy or EBT is required, even though they are jaundiced. For such babies there is no treatment needed, save to monitor the bilirubin levels at intervals. Bilirubin levels will usually fall back to normal over a period of 7-10 days.
Please note: giving multivitamin drops like Abidec®, giving glucose water and, exposing baby to sunlight are simply unhelpful and can actually harm the baby.

Visit us today at:
6, Maitama Sule street, off Awolowo Road, Ikoyi, Lagos
Tel: 08101688093, 08089138631, 07045958989
OR
12, Salvation Road, Opebi Ikeja Lagos.
4, Mojidi Street, Off Toyin Street, Ikeja Lagos.
Tel:08039494531, 07088727358, 01-9500952
Website: www.stivesng.com

RECURRENT PREGNANCY LOSS

Miscarriage is defined as the spontaneous loss of pregnancy before the fetus reaches viability. This definition includes all pregnancy losses from the time of conception until 24 weeks of gestation.
Recurrent miscarriage is defined as the loss of three or more consecutive pregnancies. It affects 1% of couples trying to conceive. It has been estimated that 1-2% of second trimester pregnancies miscarry before 24 weeks of gestation.

RISK FACTORS FOR RECURRENT PREGNANCY LOSS (CAUSES OF RECURRENT PREGNANCY LOSS)
1. EPIDEMOLOGICAL FACTORS: Maternal age and the number of previous miscarriages are risk factors. Advancing maternal age is associated with a decline in both the number and quality of the remaining eggs.
Age related risks of miscarriage are 12% for 20-29years, 15% for 30-34 years, 25% for 35-40 years, 51% for 40-45 years and 93% for over 45 years.
Advanced paternal age has also been identified as a risk factor for miscarriage. The risk of miscarriage is highest among couples where the woman is > 35 years of age and the man > 40 years of age.
The risk factor of further miscarriage increases after each successive pregnancy loss, and could reach up to 40% after three consecutive pregnancy loss, and the prognosis worsens with maternal age.
Maternal cigarette smoking and caffeine consumption is associated with an increased risk of spontaneous miscarriage in a dose dependent manner. Heavy alcohol consumption is toxic to the embryo and the fetus. Even moderate alcohol increases the risk of sporadic miscarriage.

2. ANTIPHOSPHOLIGIDSYNDROME
Antiphospholipid syndrome is the most important treatable cause of recurrent pregnancy loss.
Antiphospholiid syndrome refers to the association between antiphospholipid antibodies- Lupus anticoagulant, anticardiolipin antibodies and anti B2 glycoprotein-I antibodies and adverse pregnancy outcome. Adverse pregnancy outcome include
- Three or more consecutive miscarriage before 10 weeks of gestation
- One or more preterm birth before 34 weeks of gestation owning to placental disease.
Antiphospholipid antibodies are present in 15% of women with recurrent miscarriage. The effect of antiphospholipid antibodies can be reversed by heparin.
In women with recurrent miscarriage associated with antiphospholipid antibodies, the live birth rate with no drug treatment is reported to be as low as 10%.



3. GENETIC FACTORS
In approximately 2-5% of couples with recurrent miscarriage, one of the partners carries chromosomal abnormalities. In couples with recurrent miscarriage, chromosomal abnormalities of the embryo account for 30-60% of further miscarriages. The risk of miscarriage from chromosomal abnormalities increases with advancing maternal age.

4. CONGENITAL UTERINE MALFORMATIONS
The prevalence of uterine malfunctions appears to be higher in women with 2nd trimester miscarriage compared to 1st trimester miscarriage women with acute uterus tend to miscarriage more in 2nd trimester while women with septate uterus are more likely to miscarry in the 1st trimester.

5. CERVICAL WEAKNESS
Cervical weakness is a recognised cause of 2nd trimester miscarriage, but the true incidence is unknown since the diagnosis is essentially a clinical one. The diagnosis is usually based on a history of 2nd trimester miscarriage preceded by spontaneous rupture of the membrane or painless cervical dilatation.

6. ENDOCRINE FACTORS
Systemic maternal endocrine disorders such as diabetes mellitus and thyroid disease have been associated with miscarriage. However well treated and controlled diabetes and thyroid disease are not risk factors.
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is linked with an increased risk of miscarriage but the exact mechanism for this is not well known. It has been attributed to insulin resistance.

7. IMMUNE FACTORS
There is no clear evidence to support the hypothesis of antigen incompatibility between couples.

8. INFECTIVE AGENTS
Any severe infection that leads to severe bacteria or virus in the blood can cause sporadic miscarriage. The role of infection in recurrent miscarriage is unclear. For an infective agent to be emplaced as a cause of recurrent pregnancy loss, it must be capable of persisting in the genital tract and avoiding detection or cause sufficient symptoms to disturb women. Toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalo virus, herpes and listeria infections do not fulfil these criteria and routine TORCH screen should be abandoned. The presence of bacterial vagmosis has been reported as a risk factor for for recurrent pregnancy loss and preterm delivery. Treatment with oral clindamycin significantly reduces the incidence of second trimester miscarriage and preterm birth in the general population.



INVESTIGATION OF RECURRENT PREGNANCY LOSS
Women with recurrent pregnancy loss should be looked after by health professional with necessary skills and expertise i.e obstetrician and gynaecologist. The loss of pregnancy at any stage can be a devastating experience. Ideally the couples should be seen together.
1. All women with recurrent pregnancy loss should be screened before next pregnancy
Antiphospholipid antibodies
2. Karyotyping: Cryptogenic analysis should be performed on products of conception of the third and subsequent consecutive miscarriages blood karyotyping of both parents should be performed too.
3. A pelvic ultrasound (vaginal ultrasound scan) to assess uterine anomalies may require further investigations to confirm diagnosis, using HSG, hysteroscopy, laparoscopy and 4 D ultrasound scan.
4. Women with 2nd trimester miscarriage should be screened for inherited trombophillia.

TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR RECURRENT PREGNANCY LOSS
Women with recurrent pregnancy loss should be referred to specialist clinics by GPs.
1. Women with antiphospholipid syndrome should be treated with low-dose aspirin plus heparin to prevent further miscarriage.
The treatment combination significantly reduces the miscarriage rate by 54%.
2. The finding of abnormal parental karyotype should prompt referral to a clinical genetist.
Genetic councelling offers the couple a prognosis for the risk of future pregnancies. Reproductive options include proceeding to a further natural pregnancy with or without prenatal diagnosis test, gamete donation (PGD) in an IVF cycle is a treatment option.
3. Congenial uterine malformations might benefit from surgical corrections.
4. Cervical weakness and cervical cerlage- Women with a history of second trimester miscarriage and suspected cervical weakness may be offered serial cervical sonograhic surveillance. An ultrasound indicated cerclage should be offered if a cervical length of 25mm or less is detected by transvaginal scan before 24 weeks gestation.
5. Endocrine Factors- Progesterone is necessary for successful implanation and maintenance of pregnancy. It offers a decreased miscarriage rate in recurrent miscarriage. There is insufficient evidence to evaluate the effect of metformin in pregnancy to prevent a miscarriage in women with recurrent miscarriage.
6. The use of various immune therapies in women with recumbent miscarriage does not implore the live birth rate. Immunotherapy is expensive with potential side effects. It should not be offered to women outside of formal research studies.
7. Unexplained recurrent miscarriage, the women can be reassured that the prognosis for a successful future pregnancy with supportive care alone is about 75%.


Visit us today at:
6, Maitama Sule street, off Awolowo Road, Ikoyi, Lagos.
Tel: 08101688093, 08089138631, 07045958989
OR
12, Salvation Road, Opebi Ikeja Lagos.
4, Mojidi Street, Off Toyin Street, Ikeja Lagos.
Tel:08039494531, 07088727358, 01-9500952
Website: www.stivesng.com

In Nigeria, about 25% of couples in their fertile age group are the sufferers and the incidence is on the increase of urbanization, pollution, Stress, chemical exposure, career orientation, late settlement in life etc...

While about 40% of infertile couples will get pregnant by themselves, by changes in their lifestyles and by the standard gynecological treatments, up to 60% will however require some form of assisted conception techniques such as intrauterine Insemination (IUI), Invitro-fertilization (IVF) or Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) etc.. to achieve pregnancy.

St. Ives, IVF & Fertility Unit is committed to providing state-of-the-art assisted reproductive techniques (ART) such as IVF, ICSI, IUI, ,Sperm & Embryo Freezing etc... at an "AFFORDABLE" cost with a resultant high pregnancy rate, in a comfortable informal atmosphere.

We would strife to provide adequate moral, emotional, ethical and spiritual support to couples trying to find solution to their infertility problem.

Visit us today at:
6, Maitama Sule street, off Awolowo Road, Ikoyi, Lagos
Tel: 08101688093, 08089138631, 07045958989
OR
12, Salvation Road, Opebi Ikeja Lagos.
4, Mojidi Street, Off Toyin Street, Ikeja Lagos.
Tel:08039494531, 07088727358, 01-9500952
Website: www.stivesng.com