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Industrial mathematics is a well-established field within the mathematical sciences community. Every four years there is an International Congress on Industrial and Applied Mathematics. In 2003 it was held in Sydney Australia, in 2007 it was held in Zurich Switzerland, and in 2011 in will be held in Vancouver. Here Industry refers to all sectors of manufacturing and service, including business and engineering.

Industrial mathematics is a branch of applied mathematics, but where the latter can include theoretical topics from physics, biology, economics and computer science for example, industrial mathematics focusses on problems which come from industry and aims for solutions which are relevant to industry, including finding the most efficient (i.e., cost-effective) way to solve the problem. With the increasing complexity and sophistication of modern industry, personnel who are able to understand technical issues, who are able to formulate precise and accurate mathematical models, who can implement solutions using the latest computer techniques, and who can convey these ideas to their co-workers who may be managers, engineers, etc, are becoming a necessary part of many organizations and companies. Examples of areas in industry that industrial mathematicians can find employment are signal processing, computer graphics, risk management, system reliability, software testing and verification, database systems, production line optimization, and marketing research (see the Applied Mathematics Resources web page for career information). Finding the Area of a Circle