erico2k2:
Tiny fluorescent particles, laser light used to study water flowing through tire grooves.
When a vehicle travels over a wet or flooded road, water builds up in front of the tire and generates a lift force. In a phenomenon known as hydroplaning, this force can become large enough to lift the vehicle off the ground.

In Physics of Fluids, by AIP Publishing, scientists from the CNRS, the University of Lyon, and The Michelin Group use a laser imaging technique to study water flow in front of and through tire grooves.

To counteract hydroplaning, tread designs are chosen to drain water from the front of the tire without decreasing its ability to adhere to the road. Very few quantitative experimental studies of the movement of water through tire grooves have been done, so little is known about the exact flow patterns in these situations.

The only previously published work reporting quantitative velocity measurements in tire grooves was done with a high-speed camera and used millet seeds as water tracers. The seeds are about 1.5 millimeters in diameter, though, and provide poor contrast, so velocity information inside the grooves was not usable for a flow analysis.

Currently, research into hydroplaning uses a test track equipped with a transparent window embedded in the ground. The area above is flooded and a tire rolling over the window is observed with a high-speed camera.

The investigators developed a more sophisticated approach involving fluorescent seeding particles to visualize the flow and used a sheet of laser light to illuminate the area. The fluorescent particles were only 35 microns in diameter, about half the thickness of a human hair, with a density close to water.

“The first remarkable feature of the flow inside grooves is the presence of white elongated filaments or columns,” said author Damien Cabut. “This indicates the presence of a gaseous phase, possibly air
https://scitechdaily.com/complex-fluid-dynamics-may-explain-hydroplaning-phenomenon/

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Bobxin:


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erico2k2:

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Bobxin:


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erico2k2:
Its £25 and Its going to take like 10 days to order it

Searchingvictor:


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Searchingvictor:


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Searchingvictor:


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