₦airaland Forum

@sbucareer
I hope I can help in a way until mimoh_mi adds his ideas. My background is HP-UX & Tru64 UNIX, but can swing with Linux which seems to be your OS.

You are correct that UNIX is heavy on permission and file ownership. I would say the closest you have to c:\program files\ is the /opt, usually the default directory for application packages such as java, cobol etc

The objective will be to create a new directory for your application, create a group to manage access to your application, create a user to install and own the application. If your are installing stuff such as java, patches etc you of cause use root and do not need this process.

On choice of directory to install, best bet is to create (mkdir) a new directory from free space you have on your hard drive. You have to have made this decision to have left unallocated space that you can later create specific filesystem that will only be used for your application.
One thing you should remember, if you are in / and you make a directory without mapping it to a filesystem, you risk filling up you root filesystem. BAD.

If you have already created without leaving space, no problem, you can create a sub directory under the filesystem with more space. For example:

webenv:/ # df -b
/bea                   (/dev/data/bea         ) :   944573 Kbytes free
/home                  (/dev/vg00/lvol5       ) :    18136 Kbytes free
/opt                   (/dev/vg00/lvol6       ) :   631152 Kbytes free
/tmp                   (/dev/vg00/lvol4       ) :   202328 Kbytes free
/tuxedo                (/dev/data/tuxedo      ) :  1336390 Kbytes free
/u01                   (/dev/data/u01         ) :  2046394 Kbytes free
/u02                   (/dev/data/u02         ) :  2046393 Kbytes free
/u03                   (/dev/data/u03         ) :  1227394 Kbytes free
/usr                   (/dev/vg00/lvol7       ) :   748888 Kbytes free
/var                   (/dev/vg00/lvol8       ) :  1192960 Kbytes free
/stand                 (/dev/vg00/lvol1       ) :   204888 Kbytes free
/                      (/dev/vg00/lvol3       ) :    77144 Kbytes free

I will create my sub directory under /u01, notice how small / is?

#cd /u01
#mkdir bea

One word of advice will be to create an OS user for each major application you want to run, for example if you want to install weblogic, create a weblogic user to run the application, same if you have oracle, tuxedo etc installed. This makes easier management and also would reduce shared memory issues you might have if you are using one user (root for example) to run all you applications. You can use the useradd command to add users from the command line, a very usefull tool to get the right syntax is man

#man useradd

The man command will give you more details of any command you are trying to use.

Now I will add a group called users

#groupadd users

Next will be to create a user that will install and run the application

#useradd -g users -d /u01/bea -s /usr/bin/ksh -c "application owner" -m -k /etc/skel weblogic

This will create the user weblogic, home directory /u01/bea default shell /usr/bin/ksh and user profile copied from /etc/skel

Now still as root change the ownership of the /u01/bea to weblogic and group to users

#chown weblogic:users /u01/bea

Next we can restrict which users will have access to that directory and thus the application within

#chmod 750 /u01/bea

This will create the files as rwxr-x--- This means the user weblogic will have full permission to read, write execute in that directory. Any subsequent user you create and belongs to the "users" group will have read execute permission. Any other user on the system excluding root will not have access to the directory and thus the application.

Now you can login as user weblogic, unpack your application and install it to /u01/bea. Any user you do not give membership to "users" group will be restricted.

Let me quickly touch on soft and hard symbolic links, 1st do a man on "ln"

#man ln


Reason for having symbolic links is for example a file is required to be in two different directories at the same time. Think for example of a configuration file that is required by two different software packages that are looking for the file in different directories. You could simply copy, but to have to replicate changes in more than one place could be an admin headache.

#ln <source> <dest.> (hard link)
#ln -s <source> <dest.> (Soft link)


Now differences:
1)soft links can be created across the filesystem while a hard link can't be. (for example I cannot link a file in /u01 and u02 above using a hard link)
2)soft link can be created for directories, but hard link can't be.
3)for a hard symbolic link, if you delete the source, the destination still exists
4)for a soft symbolic link, if you delete the source, the destination points to nothing

Ok, I have touched on some of your questions, my background is more HPUX/Tru64 so sorry if I havent been very linux specific.

By the way I sent u a post on the TUSC tutorial (https://www.nairaland.com/nigeria/topic-5335.0.html), I was having some issues, I am not a guru on java and I am trying to brush up.
Thanks

@sbucareer
I have been reading your java post on the forum and found them very interesting and useful. I have tried the http://www.tusc.com.au/tutorial/html/chap1.html tutorial you suggested.

I have installed eclipse, jboss and loaded the hsql database. However I am stuck at the Lomboz configuration. I am installing on windows XP with jboss-3.2.8.SP1, eclipse 3.1.2 (newer than what is at the tutorial which was written in 2003). I have gone to the http://sourceforge.net/projects/lomboz or from http://www.objectlearn.com/index.jsp site in the tutorial to try and get the Eclipse plug-in. For one thing I had so many to choose from, the one that actually had the com.objectlearn.jdt.j2ee directory after unzipping did not have a sub directory for "servers" in which the jboss321all.server should be placed.

I manually created this servers dir and cp the com.objectlearn.jdt.j2ee in there and placed in the plugin for eclipse but I could not see the option for "other" "lomboz" in the Customize Perspective window of Eclipse as directed

I have gone to some jboss forum and noticed a couple of people have this problem but no useful answers. Do you have any suggestions how I can configure Lomboz using jboss"321"all.server that will work with my version of eclipse?

Thanks!!