₦airaland Forum

If a whole police inspector can be kidnapped, how much more ordinary citizens?

hotseat:
What a moment of false bliss for the Wike haters!

But, guess what?

This national convention is being held while hoping against hope!

The foundation is weak and most likely to crumble under the weight of internal wranglings and debilitating divisions.

Apart from the Wike faction, the one-man faction of Sule Lamido, a founding father of the PDP and the former Governor of Jigawa State is being downplayed or deliberately being overlooked by Wike's traducers and haters.

The horizon is fraught with unavoidable implosions for the party.

Too many unresolved issues are lurking to bringing down the party.

The Ibadan jamboree is bound to fail!




@hotseat

This is a lie. Pdp will thrive. This is an audacious move. If sustained. Pdp will clean up itself from those fake members dragging it down and pick up once and for all.

malali:
This is illegal on a federal level.

The Lagos State Indigeneship Automated Certificate is a sleekly disguised form of digital discrimination. By institutionalizing “indigene status,” the government effectively divides residents into first-class citizens and others, contradicting the 1999 Constitution’s guarantee of equality and freedom from discrimination (Section 42).

In a cosmopolitan state built by migrants, codifying ancestry into a digital gatekeeper for access to schools, jobs, or benefits is regressive. It risks excluding millions of Lagos-born Nigerians whose families migrated generations ago.

Automation doesn’t sanitize bias, it only makes discrimination more efficient.

Continue Arguing with your keyboard...chinedu

ayuskenke:
https://independent.ng/lagos-govt-launches-digital-indigeneship-certificate/

Those that said Lagosisanomanland, how market? Time to separate the Wheat from the chaffs. With a family or relative house address+ Yoruba name, you can easily have the certificate. Earliest lagosians also settled here from somewhere in Yorubaland...

Borrow2222:
All those clowns from neighbouring states claiming Lagos causing problems and always saying 'go back to your region' will be muted from now on.

Nigeria, sha, is a very anyhow country; anything that will cause division and problems is what they always pioneer and focus on.

They will never do any meaningful project or enact laws that will benefit the common man.

The southwesterners still have more chance than the rest. Forget it

samwash:
Before opening this thread I know Brazil will be there and more of the country will not south America 🤣

But why are they demonizing Nigeria

gabbytabby:
The list of oil cabal. Dangote take note.

Nigeria must rise whether they like it or not

gabbytabby:
The list of oil cabal. Dangote take note.

Nigeria will triumph ... by the powers of the most almighty

Akin loye
Here’s a clear and factual list of the 10 largest religions in the world, arranged by their population size, along with their approximate age/origin:

Rank Religion Estimated Global Adherents (2024) Approximate Age / Origin Key Founding Region
1 Christianity ~2.4 billion ~2,000 years ago (1st century CE) Israel / Palestine (Middle East)
2 Islam ~1.9 billion ~1,400 years ago (7th century CE) Arabian Peninsula (Saudi Arabia)
3 Hinduism ~1.1 billion ~4,000 years ago (c. 2000–1500 BCE, earlier Vedic traditions) Indian subcontinent
4 Buddhism ~520 million ~2,500 years ago (6th–5th century BCE) India / Nepal
5 Chinese traditional religion (Confucianism, Taoism, ancestor worship) ~400 million ~3,000 years ago China
6 Ethnic / Indigenous religions (African traditional, Native American, etc.) ~300 million Prehistoric origins Global (Africa, Asia, Americas)
7 Sikhism ~26 million ~500 years ago (15th century CE) Punjab region (India/Pakistan)
8 Judaism ~15 million ~4,000 years ago (c. 2000 BCE) Middle East (Canaan / Israel)
9 Spiritism ~15 million ~170 years ago (mid-19th century CE) France / Latin America
10 Baháʼí Faith ~7 million ~180 years ago (mid-19th century CE) Persia (modern-day Iran)
Summary by Age
Oldest: Hinduism (≈4,000 years old)
Next oldest: Judaism (≈3,500–4,000 years old)
Younger major faiths: Christianity (2,000 years), Islam (1,400 years)
Modern faiths: Sikhism, Baháʼí Faith, Spiritism (less than 500 years old)

Here is a list of some of the top countries by firearm-death rate (gun-deaths per 100,000 people) or by total gun deaths, along with their approximate numbers as found in multiple sources. Note: data quality varies and definitions differ (some include suicides, some only homicides).

Rank Country Approximate Gun Death Rate (per 100k) or Total Gun Deaths Notes / Source

1 El Salvador ~35.5 per 100k Highest rate listed for civilian gun deaths.
2 Venezuela ~32.7+ per 100k One of the highest gun-death rates globally.
3 Guatemala ~28.2 per 100k Among top in Latin America for gun deaths.
4 Honduras ~26–30 per 100k Very high firearm death rate.
5 Colombia ~24–26 per 100k Another major country with high gun-death rate.
6 Brazil ~20–22 per 100k Large total number of gun deaths.
7 Mexico ~15–17 per 100k High total and rate.
8 United States ~10–11 per 100k Among highest for developed countries.
9 Jamaica ~30.7 per 100k (historical) Significant rate though smaller population.
10 South Africa ~8–10 per 100k (historical) Gun-deaths part of broader violent death rates.


Important caveats:

“Gun death” may include homicide, suicide, accidental shooting — many sources differ.

Some countries’ data is older or less reliable.

Rate per 100k is more meaningful than total deaths, because populations vary widely.

The list above is a combination of highest rates and/or largest totals, depending on available data.

https://informant.name.ng/2025/11/05/top-10-countries-with-gun-deaths-in-the-world/

Odogwu. Thanks my guy. Na you be the real deal

International refineries that refined for Nigeria since 1970s _2020s

Summary Timeline (1970–2023)
Period Primary Refining Countries Representative Refineries Main Nigerian Crude Grades Used
1970s UK, Netherlands, France Stanlow, Pernis, Normandy Bonny Light, Forcados
1980s Netherlands, Italy, Spain, France Pernis, Milazzo, Tarragona Bonny Light, Brass River
1990s USA (Texas, Louisiana) Baytown, Port Arthur, Garyville Qua Iboe, Bonny Light
2000s India, China, South Korea Jamnagar, Vadinar, Zhenhai, Ulsan Bonny Light, Brass River
2010s India, Netherlands, Spain, Italy Jamnagar, Pernis, Cartagena, Sarroch Bonny Light, Escravos
2020s India (declining), Local (Dangote) Jamnagar, Dangote Bonny Light, Escravos

https://www.nairaland.com/8555432/list-international-refineries-processed-nigerias

List of International Refineries That Processed Nigeria’s Crude Oil (1970s–2020s)
November 5, 2025 by Akin Loye
Timeline: International Refineries That Processed Nigeria’s Crude Oil (1970s–2020s)
1970s – The Early Crude Export Era
Background: Nigeria began large-scale crude oil export after joining OPEC in 1971.
Refineries involved:
United Kingdom (UK): Shell’s Stanlow Refinery, BP’s Coryton Refinery, and Grangemouth (Scotland) refined much of Nigeria’s Bonny Light and Forcados crude.
Netherlands: Shell’s Pernis Refinery (Rotterdam) — one of Europe’s largest — became a major processor of Nigerian crude.
France: Total’s Normandy Refinery and Donges Refinery handled Nigerian grades through French trading arms.
Nature of trade: Direct export; NNPC (then NNOC) sold crude directly to oil majors (Shell, BP, Total, Agip).
1980s – European Dominance
Context: Nigeria’s domestic refineries (Port Harcourt, Warri, Kaduna) struggled to meet national demand even after expansion in 1989.
Main refining partners:
Netherlands: Shell Pernis Refinery continued refining Bonny Light.
Italy: ENI’s Milazzo and Sarroch Refineries (Sardinia) refined Nigerian crude supplied via Agip.
Spain: Repsol’s Cartagena and Tarragona refineries increased imports of Nigerian light sweet crude.
France: Total’s refineries in Normandy and Gonfreville remained steady processors.
Notes: European refiners preferred Nigeria’s light, low-sulphur crude because it was easier and cheaper to refine into petrol and aviation fuel.
1990s – U.S. Gulf Coast Takes the Lead
Context: The U.S. became Nigeria’s largest crude buyer in the 1990s.
Major refineries involved:
Motiva Port Arthur Refinery (Texas) – jointly owned by Shell and Saudi Aramco.
ExxonMobil Baytown Refinery (Texas) – processed large volumes of Qua Iboe and Bonny Light.
Marathon Garyville Refinery (Louisiana) – another key destination for Nigerian crude.
Valero Corpus Christi Refinery (Texas) – also used Nigerian blends for gasoline production.
Trade route: Crude shipments from Bonny and Forcados terminals to U.S. Gulf ports via Atlantic tankers.
2000s – Transition to Asian Refineries
Context: U.S. refineries reduced Nigerian crude intake after discovering domestic shale oil (around 2008–2010).
New buyers and processors emerged in Asia:
India:
Reliance Jamnagar Refinery (Gujarat) – began refining large quantities of Nigerian crude.
Essar Vadinar Refinery (now Nayara Energy) – processed Bonny Light and Brass River crude.
China:
Sinopec Zhenhai Refinery and Maoming Refinery – refined Nigerian light sweet crude through state contracts.
South Korea:
SK Energy Ulsan Refinery and GS Caltex Yeosu Refinery – intermittently refined Nigerian grades via international traders.
Notes: By 2007, India had overtaken the U.S. as the biggest importer of Nigerian crude oil.
2010s – Refining via “Swap” and Offshore Processing
Context: Nigeria’s domestic refineries were nearly idle.
Mechanism: Crude-for-product swaps (Offshore Processing Agreements) with traders who refined abroad and returned finished fuel.
Refineries actually refining Nigerian crude during this period:
Rotterdam (Netherlands): Shell Pernis Refinery and VTTI terminals for Vitol & Trafigura trades.
Spain (Repsol Cartagena & Bilbao) – refined Nigerian crude under product exchange deals.
India (Reliance Jamnagar, Essar Vadinar) – took large crude volumes under swap arrangements.
Italy (ENI Sarroch, Milazzo) – processed Nigerian grades via Agip’s European system.
Trading firms involved: Vitol, Trafigura, Glencore, BP, Gunvor, Sahara Energy.
2020s – Decline of Exports for Refining & Rise of Local Processing
Context: Global energy transition and Dangote’s refinery nearing completion (commissioned 2023).
Before Dangote came online:
Nigerian crude was still refined abroad, primarily in India, the Netherlands, Spain, and Italy.
The Jamnagar Refinery in India remained the single biggest processor of Nigerian oil in Asia.
By 2023: Crude oil from Nigeria began to be redirected to the Dangote Refinery for domestic refining — marking the first time since the 1970s that large-scale refining would occur inside Nigeria itself.
Summary Timeline (1970–2023)
Period Primary Refining Countries Representative Refineries Main Nigerian Crude Grades Used
1970s UK, Netherlands, France Stanlow, Pernis, Normandy Bonny Light, Forcados
1980s Netherlands, Italy, Spain, France Pernis, Milazzo, Tarragona Bonny Light, Brass River
1990s USA (Texas, Louisiana) Baytown, Port Arthur, Garyville Qua Iboe, Bonny Light
2000s India, China, South Korea Jamnagar, Vadinar, Zhenhai, Ulsan Bonny Light, Brass River
2010s India, Netherlands, Spain, Italy Jamnagar, Pernis, Cartagena, Sarroch Bonny Light, Escravos
2020s India (declining), Local (Dangote) Jamnagar, Dangote Bonny Light, Escravos

https://informant.name.ng/2025/11/05/timeline-international-refineries-that-processed-nigerias-crude-oil-1970s-2020s/

Top 20 refineries in the world
November 5, 2025 by Akin Loye
Here are 20 of the world’s largest oil refineries, ranked by (nominal) crude-oil processing capacity. Note: actual operational throughput may vary due to maintenance, feedstock, geography, etc. Capacities are approximate and sourced from publicly-available lists.

# Refinery (Location) Country Approximate Capacity (barrels/day)
1 Reliance Industries Ltd. – Jamnagar Refinery (Gujarat) India ~1,240,000
2 Petróleos de Venezuela, S.A. – Paraguaná Refinery Complex (Falcón) Venezuela ~940,000
3 SK Energy – Ulsan Refinery South Korea ~840,000
4 Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC) – Ruwais Refinery United Arab Emirates ~817,000
5 GS Caltex – Yeosu Refinery South Korea ~730,000
6 S‑Oil – Onsan Refinery South Korea ~669,000
7 Dangote Group – Dangote Refinery (Lekki) Nigeria ~650,000
8 Marathon Petroleum Corporation – Galveston Bay Refinery (Texas) United States ~631,000
9 Saudi Aramco – Port Arthur Refinery (Texas) United States ~630,000
10 Kuwait Integrated Petroleum Industries Company – Al Zour Refinery Kuwait ~615,000
11 ExxonMobil – Baytown Refinery (Texas) United States ~564,000
12 ExxonMobil Refining & Supply Co. – Beaumont Refinery (Texas) United States ~609,000
13 ExxonMobil – Jurong Island Refinery Singapore ~605,000
14 Formosa Petrochemical Corporation – Mailiao Refinery Taiwan ~450,000 +
15 PetroRabigh – Rabigh Refinery Saudi Arabia ~400,000
16 Saudi Aramco Energy Ventures – Jazan Refinery Saudi Arabia ~400,000
17 Pertamina – Cilacap Refinery Indonesia ~348,000
18 Sinopec – Zhenhai Refinery China ~345,000
19 TonenGeneral Sekiyu / Kawasaki Refinery Japan ~335,000
20 Japan Petroleum Exploration Co. – Ningbo Refinery China ~320,000
Notes & caveats:
Some capacities are rounded and might represent design maximum capacity rather than everyday operational throughput.
Data sources vary in vintage and methodology; newer expansions or shutdowns may not yet be reflected.
Some mega-refineries are single-site; others may be part of a complex (multiple units) but still aggregated for the “capacity” number.
Regional ranking & status may shift quickly with new investments, maintenance events, or upgrades.

https://informant.name.ng/2025/11/05/too-20-refineries-in-the-world/

mrvitalis:
I am an Igbo man, forced to be a Nigerian by British in 1914 by a calabar man

I want my Igbo nation back as an independent nation

No wahala. To register your grievances. Start a political movement, rally resources and support together. Enjoy the backdoor restructuring that has been done for the southeast. South Eastern Development Council...and galvanise resources to make the south east an economic powerhouse in the world. You don't have to invite chaos and mayhem on your country or neighbours because you want something. There are better ways to go about this.

We are out of the stone age, remember. When life was brutish, short and nasty _ Thomas Hobbes... go and read the reason for modernization, civilization, democracy and developmental politics.

mrvitalis:
Nigeria a creation of the West should raise?

You think the West created Nigeria to give you am advantage?

If you really want to fight West go back to your origin how your ancestors lived, form countries in your own terms

You are defending whites man creation and telling me rubbish

Where are you from? Are you a Nigerian?

YOU ARE INEXCUSABLE AS A YOUNG AFRICAN NETIZEN IN THIS CHRISTIAN GENOCIDE PROPAGANDA
_ Akin Loye 5112025

The world powers that are funding terrorism against the people, are the same powers trying to blame the attack, genocide, -or whatever they call it, on our governments. They have always been destabilizing our African nations for exploitation of resources. nothing more, nothing less. The fake news about genocide, terrorism, religious intolerance... held sway in those days when there was very little access to classified information. The internet revolution is here, and we now know the modus operandi of these hegemons. We now know how they destroyed Libya, Syria, Iraq, Afghanistan, Venezuela...and we know the 9*1 hoax.

This is the chance for Nigeria, and Africa at large, to properly reposition and emerge as a world economic powerhouse, and we mustn't look or shy away from these calculated attempts to undermine our position. It is even more important for our government administration to also take drastic steps to bring normalcy to our land before the issues get messy. President Tinubu must be careful to take bold moves against the apologists and infiltrators in our security outfits. stop negotiating with terrorists and do the needful! I think you have also seen how messy things can get if you don't do these things swiftly?

The majority of our older African generation _ who managed their lives through the recent dark times or lived their prime years through a dark age of paucity of information_ can be forgiven, because most of them never had access to quality information, aside from what was fed to them by the propaganda machinery of western media: b*c and C*n.

WHAT excuse do you have as a young African Netizen not to see these things for what they are? Rise, Africa rise. Nigeria rise. Arise o, compatriots!

thisisit:
COUNTRIES RESCUED AND DEVELOPED BY WORLD POWERS-

1. Japan
2. South Korea
3. Quatar
4. Vietnam
5. Singapore
6. Liberia
7. Nigeria
8. Taiwan
9. Hong Kong

Here are 10 countries that are among the most impacted by terrorism based on the Global Terrorism Index (GTI) and other sources:

Rank Country Key details

1 Burkina Faso Ranks #1 in GTI 2025 with a score of 8.581. Terrorism-related deaths remain extremely high.
2 Pakistan Ranks #2 with 8.374. Terrorist incidents and fatalities have risen markedly.
3 Syria Ranks #3 with 8.006. Ongoing conflict and militant activity contribute to its high impact.
4 Mali Ranks #4 with 7.907. Instability in the Sahel region has allowed terrorist groups to proliferate.
5 Niger Ranks #5 with 7.776. Saw the largest increase in terrorism-related deaths globally in 2024 (+94%).
6 Nigeria Ranks #6 with 7.658. Despite reductions in some metrics, terrorist groups remain active and deadly.
7 Somalia Ranks #7 with 7.614. Terrorism and insurgency have long plagued the country.
8 Israel Ranks #8 with 7.463. Ongoing attacks and political-military conflict contribute to its ranking.
9 Afghanistan Ranks #9 with 7.262. While some metrics improved, it remains heavily impacted by terrorism.
10 Cameroon Ranks #10 with 6.944. Insurgency and militant activity in its border regions contribute to its impact.


Key points & context:

The Sahel region (which includes Burkina Faso, Mali, Niger) has become the global epicentre of terrorism, accounting for over half of all terrorism-related deaths in 2024.

Welcome to Pdp... ajise bi Oyo laari. Seyi makinde is the next Tinubu from south west. If you know how to read political Weather and if Seyi plays the game properly

Countries destroyed by "help" from the almighty world powers which led to an escalation of the problem
Vietnam 1955 - 1975
Iraq 2013 to date
Afghanistan 2001- 2021
Libya 2011 to date
Syria 2014 to date
Somalia 1992 to date
Yemem 2015 to date
Pakistan 2004 to date
Nicaragua 1980s
Cambodia 1969 to 197

Source:
https://informant.name.ng/2025/11/04/10-countries-destroyed-by-help-from-the-almighty-world-powers/

Dalohad:
A lawyer appointed to serve as a Scientist.

They don't care about competence, they only care about giving political favours to their cronies at the detriment of the Nigerian state.

I love this.
I know a lot you will complain about the misplacement of his field expertise, but sixth sense tells me that the president is bringing in this man as an outsider to do the insider job of oversight, scrutiny and contribution to the legal side deal making that had happened and are happening in our science and technology space.

motayoayinde:
It's not always a case of ignorance.

Most of them are closet Islamophobes who don't care about the lives of innocent Muslims.

If Trump threw an atomic bomb at northern Nigeria, killing millions of Muslims at ones, these people will ask for more blood!

It's ignorance. I haven't any of our Alfa from Ilorin with ring lights to come and comment on this Trump matter. Most people don't understand geopolitics

Drsnives:
Let them come n destroy us oo..
All these so called resourceses weh na only few are entitled too? Abeg make them come return us to stone age..

Because you have nothing to lose

Invitation of Americans to destroy Nigeria by unpatriotic and uninformed elements.
Akin Loye
These are the usual suspects, among Nigerians, who lack patriotism in every ramification. They are it again, fanning the embers of destruction. Trying to drag Nigeria to the slab of destruction in a dangerous geopolitics that they don't understand. World Powers are not friends with anyone aside from their interests. They are only interested in the resources of target countries. Look at how they destroyed Syria, Iraq, Libya... and how they are pawning Ukraine against Russia. But you unpatriotic folks are there always gaslighting your government thinking the world powers will come and save you. Tueh. You make your money in Nigeria, but you so much hate Nigeria. What a hypocrite you are?!

motayoayinde:
All of these countries have one thing in common: They're victims of American terror!
America and Israel founded and funded terror in these countries. See here👇

https://youtube.com/shorts/_1MXOJ2GALQ?si=MAf5oXtLWvS2BNZN

Nearly all are also Muslim countries. Who will hold America responsible for the Millions of Muslim lives they have taken

Allah will.
Their time is near.

Thanks my brother . These guys are so illiterate. Even those that claim to be educated among them.

Peter Obi has dropped some poo. The flies comments will roll in

Invitation of Americans to destroy Nigeria by unpatriotic and uninformed elements.
Akin Loye
These are the usual suspects, among Nigerians, who lack patriotism in every ramification. They are it again, fanning the embers of destruction. Trying to drag Nigeria to the slab of destruction in a dangerous geopolitics that they don't understand. World Powers are not friends with anyone aside from their interests. They are only interested in the resources of target countries. Look at how they destroyed Syria, Iraq, Libya... and how they are pawning Ukraine against Russia. But you unpatriotic folks are there always gaslighting your government thinking the world powers will come and save you. Tueh. You make your money in Nigeria, but you so much hate Nigeria. What a hypocrite you are?!

Invitation of Americans to destroy Nigeria by unpatriotic and uninformed elements.
Akin Loye
These are the usual suspects, among Nigerians, who lack patriotism in every ramification. They are it again, fanning the embers of destruction. Trying to drag Nigeria to the slab of destruction in a dangerous geopolitics that they don't understand. World Powers are not friends with anyone aside from their interests. They are only interested in the resources of target countries. Look at how they destroyed Syria, Iraq, Libya... and how they are pawning Ukraine against Russia. But you unpatriotic folks are there always gaslighting your government thinking the world powers will come and save you. Tueh. You make your money in Nigeria, but you so much hate Nigeria. What a hypocrite you are?!