₦airaland Forum

How to Cultivate Mushroom Profitably In Nigeria

‘Mushroom’ popularly known as “ogiri agbe” in Yoruba and “Ero ”by the Igbos, Mkpifia by the Ibibios are reffered to as the’ food of the gods’ in Rome and ‘the elixir of life’ in China are the fruiting bodies of micro-fungi.

Mushroom resources have been exploited in most developed economies because of their huge agro-industrial, medicinal and commercial benefits. Nigerians utilized mushroom-forming fungi only for food and
folk medicine for many decades. Oyster and shiitake mushroomsn were some of the common edible mushrooms that were successfully cultivated in Nigeria on small-scale basis. The mushroom resources in Nigeria are grossly under-studied and their attractive potentials under-exploited for addressing economic and industrial development.
Resourceful biotechnological approach in the application of mushrooms in agriculture, medicine, industry and environment is inchoate and uncommon in the country.
Mushrooms are widespread in nature and they
remained the earliest form of fungi known to mankind. In Nigeria, many people in both urban and rural areas are familiar with mushroom-forming fungi growing around them some of which they exploit for food and medicine. This practice although reported all-over the country is more pronounce amongst the Yoruba speaking people .

Concomitant varieties of mushrooms that abound in Nigeria have continued to gain recognition and elicit different interests and questions as potentially resourceful tool in economic modulation pari passu prevailing reliance on leafy plants. It is saddening to see that people from all works of life associate mushrooms with negative events in Nigeria and most African countries . This image, in addition to the slow development of mushroom cultivation practices is changing due to reports elsewhere in the world that illuminate potentials of mushroom-forming fungi and mushroom products and their uses in different spheres of human welfare.

This is apart from their hitherto pivotal roles in sustaining eco-energy balance in nature. In Africa, mushroom resource exploration and exploitation is fraught with lack of infrastructure and technical supports from national and international agencies, scarcity of mushroom scientists, poor political and legislative support, poor knowledge of mushroom biodiversity due to dearth of mushroom taxonomists and bad press reports amongst others .
Reports on Nigerian mushrooms such as are old and currently an under-representation of Nigerian mushroom’s diversity, composition and uses. African nations are seldom listed among the largest producers and exporters ofedible mushrooms and mushroom products.
The objective of this article therefore, is to review the mushroom research-application divides in Nigeria against the flux of unprecedented global reports on mushroom potentials, explorations and exploitations for human benefits.

This illuminated the need to prospect mushrooms and shift focus from reliance on plant genetic resources to mycotas as better alternative in addressing Nigeria’s economic and technological development by reviewing existing mushroom articles on Nigeria.
A good number of mushrooms have been reported to be consumed by different tribal groups in Nigeria.People depending on their tribe slightly differ in the array of mushrooms consumed and reasons for their consumption .

The Yoruba tribes however recorded the highest number of edible and medicinal mushrooms compared to the Hausa tribes . The reason for this trend is not fully understood but it is believed to be connected to the relatively few
accounts of edible, medicinal and cultivable mushrooms in extant literature. Factors such as the arid nature of the North occasioned by desert encroachment; scarcity of mushroom biologists and mushroom interest; availability of alternative protein sources may have contributed to the scarcity of mushroom information on the Hausas .
Many people are ignorant of the nutritional values of edible mushrooms but consume them based on their organoleptic property such as aroma, taste, flavour, and texture .

In Nigeria, a great quantity and variety of edible and medicinal mushrooms are sourced from the wild due to inchoate mushroom farming culture. This practice (mushroom scouting/hunting) existed for decades spanning generations and mostly embarked upon by children and women .
About twenty-five edible mushroom species of good repute whose knowledge were handed down generational lines via oral communication have been identified in Nigeria
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