SOLAR CALCULATIONS
In other to achieve a good solar system, 5 calculations are necessary
1. Load analysis
2. Solar panel sizing
3. Battery sizing
4. Inverter sizing
5. Charge controller sizing
LOAD ANALYSIS- First we have to get the wattage of all the appliances we will be running on our solar system after which we multiply each with the numbers of hours we will be making use of them. Say for example, in my home, the following appliances are what I want to run on solar.
1. A standing fan - 30w = 30w
2. 42 Inches led Tv - 85w = 85w
3. 4 led bulbs – 8w = 32w
4. Laptop and phone charging– 40w = 40w
5. Dstv decorder – 18w = 18w
6. Sound system – 85w = 85w
Total wattage = 290W

Next we compute how many hours we plan on running each items
1. Standing fan – 12 hours
2. 42 inches TV – 6 hours
3. 4 led bulbs- 6 hours
4. Laptop and phone charging- 6 hours
5. Dstv decorder- 6 hours
6. Sound system – 6 hours





Now we multiply each device wattage by the hours we want to run our appliances
1. Fan – 30w *12h = 360wh
2. Tv – 85w*6h = 510wh
3. Bulb – 32*6h =192wh
4. Laptop and phone – 40w * 6h = 240wh
5. Decorder – 18w*6h = 108wh
6. Sound system = 85w*6h = 510wh
Total watt-Hour = 1920wh (This is the charge I need to store) Note – So of you might be thinking, is this the number of hours I can use my appliances in a whole day? The answer is NO. The number of hours I listed there is the number of hours I will be using my appliances when the sun is down(Night). Meaning that during the day when the sun is out(Day) and my battery is charging, I can make use of my appliances. The appliances will be powered directly by our solar panel. You will be needing a very good inverter system to get full efficiency and enjoy your solar system. I will talk more about this later on

Next i will be discussing on how to size your solar system i.e how to know number of solar panels, size of inverter, size of charge controller and number of batteries you will be needing for your solar system.

COMPONENTS OF SOLAR SYSTEM
1. Solar panels- This is the heart of a solar system. They are various types of solar panels. We have poly-crystalline and mono-cyrstalline. Monocyrstallime solar panels are more efficient than poly crystalline solar panels although poly is cheaper than mono. The more powerful th sun rays, the more power you get. Solar panels are linked together in what we call a solar array. Connecting multiple solar panels together allow you to produce a higher current or run at an higher voltage. Solar panels can be connected in series to give you more voltage and more power (watts). They can also be connected in parallel to give you more current and more power(watt). Regardless if your panels are connected in series or parallel, you get more power from your connection. For example, say we have a solar array made up of four solar panels connected in series. If each individual panel is rated 12v, 12w and 1A, then this solar array connected in series will be rated at 48v,48w and 1A while if connected in parallel, will be rated 12v, 48w and 4A.

2. Batteries- Batteries are used in the solar system to store charges. Typically, this charges(energy) are stored in deep cycle lead acid batteries. These look similar to car batteries but have different internal design. This design allow them to be heavily discharge and recharged several hundred times. Most lead acid batteries in Nigeria are 12v. Like solar panels batteries can be connected in series or in parallel to increase the voltage, power and current.

3. Inverters- The electricity generated by our solar system is direct current (DC) while electricity from the national grid(phcn) is alternating current (AC). Most if not all our domestic electronics make use of AC current. That is where the inverter comes in. The inverter is simply a device use for converting Dc current to AC current. They are different type and sizes of inverter. The size of inverter depends on the load you want to power.

4. Charge controller- if you are using batteries, your solar electric system is going to require a controller in order to manage the flow of electricity (current) into and out of th battery. This will damage and eventually destroy the batteries if not controlled. A solar controller prevents This from happening by managing the batteries, ensuring the batteries do not get overcharged by the solar by the solar array and not over discharge by the load

DISADVANTAGES
1. Initial cost is expensive- Truth be told, The initial cost of solar installation is expensive ( depending on your load capacity). Most people don’t have the initial capital needed for solar system installation. But you can always start small and experience the beauty of solar and with time, you can upgrade. You can start with installing a small solar system capable of powering a standing fan, 2 energy bulb and charge your phones.
2. Not suitable for powering heavy machinery- solar system is not suitable for powering heavy machinery as it will need a large amount of space for the solar panels and huge battery power bank. The installation of such system even if you have the space would be extremely expensive.
3. Bad technicians/clients - This is one major problem in the solar industry in nigeria. Most installers don’t fully know the calculations needed to achieve a good solar system. Some do but would want to gain a lot of profit thereby buying substandard materials and cutting short of major components needed to run the system at full efficiency( for example, from my calculations i will be needing 4 150w solar panels to fully charge the battery but since i want to cut cost, i would i install 2 solar panels which won’t be sufficient to charge the battery thereby killing the battery within a short while). The clients also are to be blamed as they would want to cut cost as much as possible giving the installer little money to work with.

We at Melbrom Nigeria Limited are here to help you with efficient solar installation that will run years without any problem. Contact details on my signature. We are based in warri, delta state but carry out nation wide installation

ADVANTAGES
1. Solar system have a long life span- The longest been solar panels which life span ranges from 20-25 years, The inverter and charge controller rangers from 10-15years while the battery been the shortest ranges from 4-6 contrary to what people say. The truth is that most solar installers in nigeria do a very bad job and that kills the life span of a battery( i will talk about that later on). Over all solar installation gives good value for your money. Running a diesel or petrol generator for such amount of years will result in huge cost as compared to solar. Although the initial installation cost is high, it worth it if you think of solar installation as an investment.
2. Lowers electricity bills- solar system can help in lowering your electricity bills if you live in areas with fairly good power supply but huge bills(for those with prepaid meter). You can set up a solar system consisting of just solar panels and hybrid inverter that powers your devices when the sun is out thereby cutting power from the national grid and working on solar. This cuts down the cost of your electricity bills drastically as Nigeria gets lot of sun ray everyday
3. Eliminate Noise and Air pollution- solar system helps in reducing noise and air pollution. You can agree with me that the sound of Generator are displeasing to the ears and also the air pollution which have resulted in the death of many. Solar system helps tackle this problem
4. Earn money back on investment- like i have said earlier on, solar installation initial cost of install is expensive but with time, you earn back your money x2. This is especially for business owners who run business everyday and need power for their business. You can invest in solar installation and forget about generator for years

Solar electricity simply refers to generating electrical power using photovoltaic solar
panels. Solar power is a useful way of generating modest amounts of electricity, so long as there is a good amount of sunlight available and your location is free from
obstacles such as trees and other buildings that will shade the solar panel from
the sun. Most people usually think that solar is for the rich. Yes it is expensive but you can get yourself a small system and upgrade later on. The amount of energy you need to generate has a direct bearing on the size and
cost of a solar electric system. The more electricity you need, the more difficult
and more expensive your system will become. I for example can’t sleep at night due to heat so my first solar installation was to power my standing fan and an electric bulb all through the night. The system could also charge my phone perfectly.

Poor power supply has been a major challenge in Nigeria and it’s not getting better anytime soon. One of the efficient way to tackle this problem is through solar system which simply means harnessing the power of the sun to generate electricity. The reason of creating this thread is to educate you guys on solar system and calculations needed to get a good and efficient solar system. First let’s discuss all about solar system, the pros and the cons

MyVILLAGEpeople:
The rate at which girls are being killed for rituals is alarming these days and only few get to the media space. Boys eyes dey red oo

Na only when election dey around the corner killings dey increase..then you people will out the blames on young boys say na yahoo....After election all the killings go reduce if not stop self...This na political killing not yahoo

If not for the fact that buhari is a huge failure, Jonathan for get mind come contest again for presidency? Nigerians don really suffer sha....Now them expect us to see Jonathan past failure as achievement compared to buhari disaster

seunmsg:
Dear PDP members, stop deceiving yourselves. Nigerians don’t want you back in power. The evil you did from 1999 to 2015 is enough. We are never voting you rogues back into Aso Rock.

And you think we want Apc back in power?? knowing that the same visionless, clueless humans make up APC and PDP, the party APC is a complete disaster and i Will option for pdp over apc...

perambulator:


nobody owes you a job. if you want to eat you will find a job or create your own. The job of giovt is to create an environment where jobs can be created and you can only create jobs where there is good infrastructure and good infrastucture costs money.....money that can only come from taxes.

Can you boldly say Nigeria government has created an enabling environment where jobs can be created?? Oga rest

perambulator:
Good move. Nigeria needs to raise its taxes to fund badly needed infrastructure projects.

And where are the jobs put in place for the people to pay this taxes after the increase? Have they increased wages also Good move my foot

Please anybody know where i can get this battery?

Hashabiah:
They don't believe in God , yet they are satanist . Na wah o

And who told you that they are satanist? Una go just dey talk nonsense

Jamest162:
Yes

Just got posted to kogi state. Kindly write me on whatsapp on 09122523107. I have some questions to ask

Jamest162:
Kogi 2 katsina

you from kogi state?

Anybody posted to kogi state going from warri?

Maypearl:
Hi everyone, I Noticed aside from Lokoja, other places in Kogi don’t really have nice clean apartments for rent. But in my search for an apartment I came across a nice clean one next to their federal college. I rented one only two is left in case any one is looking for a clean place to rent. If you’re interested I could send the pictures of my own place for you to see.

Hello are you still in kogi?

Umartins1:

Today they just uploaded the list barely two hours ago. I saw my name

online registration will start today?

When is the next batch coming up?

On the other hand, we will get into more economic trobule from spending too much government money on covering for the losses from subsides.

Which would lead to more debt and more economic crisis and more inflation.

Either way, I prefer the subsidy removal. At the end of the day, we would have more refinereis, earn more money, and eventually have lower fuel prices.

And I am no government supporter...seeing as Buhari himself prefers subsidies...he did campaign on the unrealistc price of N40 per liter.

P.S I don';t like advocating for the removal of subsidy, but I have done my reading over the last ten years, and I think it is the only sensible and sane choice we have.

it might be a sensible choice but this is the wrong time for such. Nigeria economy is total down. Insecurity everywhere, high inflation, high rate of unemployment, no stable power supply, farmers can't go to the farm due to security issues leading in shortage of farm produce and increase in price. Then you want to increase the price of fuel? When you know fully well that increase in the price of fuel, automatically lead to increase in everything other thing. Make them try am naw..better protest nai go burst out

Righteousness2:
Condolences to her Loved ones.

Wherever you are all over the World, you need to understand that you are Fearfully and Wonderfully Made. GOD does not need us to assist HIM or Help HIM. It is Vanity!

This Our body is Mere dust. Let us not invest in mere dust in Detriment to our soul. Let us Invest more In the Spirit man. That is the Man that matters not this dust we have on.

God does not need us to assist him you say? So what happen to conjoined twins that are been separated by doctors? And some other birth deformity that are been treated by doctors. Should the kids be left that way and probably die because God don't need help? Make una dey use una brain o

Poured patrol on a chicken head then lit it on fire

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