₦airaland Forum

HISTORY of aAbua shows that Abua owns Port Harcourt and not as claimed by the Okrikas and the Ikwerres
Because as a people we relied heavily on oral than written tradition, there is not a large body of documentation on our origin. Nonetheless, scholars have used two theories and linguistic analysis to reconstruct the Abua origin and migration over the centuries. These theories are:
(i) The Delta Cross Movement
(ii) The Benin Empire Migration
The Delta Cross Movement Theory
Traditions relate the history of Abua to the migration or movements of the Delta Cross Speakers. Prominent among these theorists are the linguists and university historians such as Murdock (1959), Nair (1972), Alagoa (1972), Williamson (1987), and Faraclas (1989).
The high point in this set of tradition is that given the language the Abuan’s speak, the people may have migrated from the Bantu heartland and moved downwards to the point where they currently occupy through the eastern Niger delta. The traditions of other people with related languages, the culture of the Abua group and a comparison of the linguistic relationship between the central delta group and her immediate neighbors reinforce their view. Some of these views are presented below:
Nair in his account recorded that Abua was among the seven Efut towns that grew out of the seven Efut settlements. The founders were believed according to him to be an offshoot of the Bantu-speaking peoples. These migrated from the neighborhood of Usha Edit (Rio del Rey) in the Cameroon. They left their original place of residence in a convoy of about seven boats and reached the Nigerian coastline.
In summary, this thesis suggest that Abua migrated from the same place with ancestors of the present day Efiks of the Cross Rivers state and that the group probably arrives where they are now in the late 13th century. This view is strongly supported by similarities in the numbering system of Abua, Efik, and Ibibio. It is also supported by some socio-political similarities; Abua, Efik, and Ibibio among others belong to the broad language group known as Delta Cross. Murdock suggests that these three ethnic groups – Ibibio, Efik, and Abua among others belong to the Bantoid sub-group of the Nigritic family based on linguistic evidence. Similarly, Ejituwu (1991) writing about the Obolo (Andoni) which is also a Delta Cross speaking community, suggested that there was a general movement of the Delta Cross speakers from the upper reaches of the Cross river towards its mouth. The movement may have reached the mouth of the river by about 300 B.C. As population pressures mount at the mouth of the Cross river, various groups of Delta Cross speakers started to look for new rivers and creeks into which to expand. To the east, they found themselves blocked by a cluster of other Bantu-speaking groups who were themselves in the process of expansion; to the west however, lay an area, which while not empty, was more sparsely populated. Accordingly, several waves of migrants traveled along the western creeks, some eventually settling down either in the eastern Niger delta or elsewhere in the delta. According to Ejituwu, the central delta group to which Abua belongs is one of the earliest migrants among these Delta Cross speakers.
Clark (1970) maintained that (i) the possession and use of iron technology and (ii) food production were responsible for the Bantu expansion at the time. With the use of iron technology more food was produced consequently, population soared and competition for space set in. These led to expansion, which was also encouraged by better military hardware produced with their iron technology such as spears, sickles, arrowheads and knives.
In summary, this tradition holds that Abua, Odual, Kugbo, Ogbia among others sometimes referred to as Abua group, migrated from Rio del Ray in the Cameroon through the Cross river to the Niger delta. They settled among other place

Does JAMB Use Negative Marking in UTME?
schoolnews JAMB

For so many years, even during my time, there have been rumours that JAMB uses negative marking in its exams. Negative marking here means subtracting marks for any question a candidate gets wrong. For this reason, many candidates for fear of being incorrect deliberately leave any question they are not sure of the correct answer unanswered.


This rumour has been believed for so many years but is it actually true? A JAMB official spoke concerning this some time ago.


According to him, negative marking in the JAMB exam DOES NOT EXIST. There is ABSOLUTELY NOTHING like Negative marking.

He explained that JAMB is NOT a certificate examination, so they do not give candidates RAW SCORE. JAMB does what they call score standardization/normalization. It is based on the number of candidates that sat for a particular subject as well as the mean deviation of candidates that sat for that subject.

This is finally passed through a graph so selection will not be difficult. The graph must not be too to the left or right if it happens that its too to the left or right, JAMB adjusts the graph to their own scale.

A candidate may get 80/100 as RAW score but when the score is standardized, it ends up being like 60-75, depending on the values involved. JAMB uses a certain formula to translate the RAW score of candidates to a STANDARDIZED SCORE.

Since this has proved that there is nothing like negative marking, candidates are advised to answer all questions in the exam. First, answer the questions you are very sure of and come back later to answer the rest.


Yeah, about “Guessing”, you should try to guess with logic and elimination, just like how it’s done in “Who wants to be a millionaire”. You might just be lucky to get all the ones you guessed right.


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No admission for 2020 UTME candidates yet to upload their results
JAMB has stated emphatically that all 2020 JAMB Candidates will be considered for admission provided they are able to upload their O'level results on the JAMB website before their institution of choice concludes admission for this session. Check details on this now at the link below;
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The Guardian Nigeria


National
15 million BVN already linked with NIN, says NIMC boss
By Editor
09 January 2021 | 4:24 am

[FILES] Director-General of NIMC, Aliyu Aziz


Director General of the National Identity Management Commission (NIMC), Aliyu Aziz, has disclosed that 15 million people with Bank Verification Number (BVN) have been linked with the National Identity Number (NIN).

Besides, he said the ongoing enrollment into the National Identity System has nothing to do with the second wave of COVID-19, as the exercise had been on before the pandemic.

He told The Guardian in Abuja, yesterday, that NIMC has adequate equipment and up to this moment, the organisation has not utilised it to full capacity and the strategy now has changed completely.

Aziz stated that part of NIMC’s mandate is to harmonise and integrate part of the existing databases and so far, only 15 million BVN that has been harmonized with NIN.



“So, if you have your BVN and you were captured, what you need to do is to go our website and update your record and then you would be issued the NIN,” he said, insisting that the enrolment exercise has not been suspended.

He recalled that Subscriber Identification Module (SIM) registration has been ongoing since 2008, but that improper SIM registration remains an issue.

“Wherever there is a crime, a SIM is always related in solving those crimes. That is why government wants this done, and to make sure that that is done, government always reminds the telecommunications companies, even last year, that that must be done.

“You also find out that unregistered SIMs were being sold and used for crimes, hence the exercise is very important, and that is where the linkage comes in, because by law, it is only NIN that is the token for identity.”

According to Aziz, COVID-19 measures put in place during enrollment have been effective, noting: “The measures have been with us in Nigeria since March last year and we are expected to stick to those measures.

“For NIMC, we are able to control that inside our enrolment centres, but when it is outside our enrolment centres, that is where the difficulty is. For place like Lagos and Abuja, we do get the law enforcement officers to help us.”



On the ongoing strike by workers of the organisation, Aziz said: “As an old organisation, we have the standard protocol on going on strike, but this time around, the protocols were not followed. There was no notice whatsoever, so NIMC, being a responsible organisation, cannot sit down and allow those things to happen.

“As we speak, the management committee is engaging the union, and personally too, I have been engaging the top leadership of the union and all of them have promised to look into the matter, so that they go back to work as soon as possible.”

Following a meeting with the Federal Government, the workers, under the aegis of Association of Senior Civil Servants of Nigeria (ASCSN), NIMC Branch, yesterday, suspended the industrial action on Thursday over poor funding, inadequate equipment and fear of COVID-19 spread in the agency after government agreed to addressed their demands.

President of ASCSN, Lucky Michael, who confirmed the development, said members across the country were being contacted to resume work by Monday and continue the enrolment of citizens for NIN.

A source in the Federal Ministry of Communications and Digital Economy, who spoke on the condition of anonymity, told The Guardian that the Minister, Dr. Ibrahim Isa Pantami, was doing everything to ensure the issues raised by the workers are addressed.

Meanwhile, Yoruba socio-cultural group, Afenifere, has faulted the Federal Government over the exercise in the midst of the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic.

In a statement yesterday, Afenifere’s National Publicity Secretary, Mr. Yinka Odumakin, decried the development, saying the decision to expose them to the vagaries of coronavirus without any form of protection under present terrible conditions shows total disregard for the lives of citizens.

According to Afenifere: “Officials of the NIMC, who are currently on strike, have also complained that they have not been provided personal protective equipment (PPE) and their allowances are not being paid.



“It is so barbaric and archaic that Nigerians are being exposed to these dangers, which shows lack of critical thinking in leadership, when bodies like Google and others, could have managed whatever information on people’s phones without having any contact with the owners.”

The group challenged the Federal Government to respond to the allegation by the president of ASCSN (NIMC Branch) that the virus had already been detected in three officials at the agency’s headquarters.

He said the workers were annoyed because the management was aware of the development, but kept it from staff, who could have taken necessary precautions to protect themselves.

NIMC office in Ikeja, Lagos was deserted after staff commenced the strike action. Before then, many Lagos residents had assembled at the entrance with the hope of being enrolled for the National Identification Number (NIN).

As a result of the action, many of them gradually left, especially as officers of the Nigeria Security and Civil Defence Corps (NSCDC), whose Lagos Command shares the same premises, demanded that those waiting should leave.

Across the country, the exercise appears to be on hold, as those wanting to enroll into the system stayed off NIMC offices ostensibly due to the strike.

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