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Understanding Typhoid Fever : Symptoms, Prevention - Health - Nairaland

Nairaland ForumNairaland GeneralHealthUnderstanding Typhoid Fever : Symptoms, Prevention (391 Views)

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Understanding Typhoid Fever : Symptoms, Prevention by Edunews(op): 4:31pm On Sep 11, 2020
Typhoid fever is caused by Salmonella typhi bacteria. Typhoid fever is rare in industrialized countries. However, it remains a serious health threat in the developing world, especially for children.

Typhoid fever spreads through contaminated food and water or through close contact with someone who's infected. Signs and symptoms usually include a high fever, headache, abdominal pain, and either constipation or diarrhea.

Most people with typhoid fever feel better within a few days of starting antibiotic treatment, although a small number of them may die of complications. Vaccines against typhoid fever are available, but they're only partially effective. Vaccines usually are reserved for those who may be exposed to the disease or are traveling to areas where typhoid fever is common.



Symptoms

Early illness

Fever that starts low and increases daily, possibly reaching as high as 104.9 F (40.5 C)
Headache
Weakness and fatigue
Muscle aches
Sweating
Dry cough
Loss of appetite and weight loss
Abdominal pain
Diarrhea or constipation
Rash
Extremely swollen abdomen

Risk factors

Work in or travel to areas where typhoid fever is established (endemic)
Work as a clinical microbiologist handling Salmonella typhi bacteria
Have close contact with someone who is infected or has recently been infected with typhoid fever
Drink water contaminated by sewage that contains Salmonella typhi



Common complications

Inflammation of the heart muscle (myocarditis)
Inflammation of the lining of the heart and valves (endocarditis)
Pneumonia
Inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis)
Kidney or bladder infections
Infection and inflammation of the membranes and fluid surrounding your brain and spinal cord (meningitis)
Psychiatric problems, such as delirium, hallucinations and paranoid psychosis


Prevention
Vaccine: Recommended if you live in or you're traveling to areas where the risk of getting typhoid fever is high.

Other prevention
Wash your hands..
Avoid drinking untreated water.
Avoid raw fruits and vegetables.
Choose hot foods.

Treatment

Commonly prescribed antibiotics

Ciprofloxacin (Cipro).
Azithromycin (Zithromax).
Ceftriaxone
Source: https://publichealthnig.com/typhoid-fever-causes-symptoms-treatment/

Ask questions if you have any and i would try to answer you when i can.

Re: Understanding Typhoid Fever : Symptoms, Prevention by Galantamine(m): 4:33pm On Sep 11, 2020
undecidedwill recommend proper hygiene to be typhoid free.
Re: Understanding Typhoid Fever : Symptoms, Prevention by Edunews(op): 4:34pm On Sep 11, 2020
Galantamine:
undecidedwill recommend proper hygiene to be typhoid free.
Very essential
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