Steps of building a concrete foundation are listed below.

Step 1:Choose the type of foundation to build. The type of
foundation depends on the area the foundation will be
located on and the type of structure that will be placed on it.
Shallow foundations are built on level ground and hard
surfaces.
Shallow foundations are no more than 3 feet
(91.44 cm) deep and are used primarily for smaller,
simpler projects like holding patio furniture, a fountain,
or an air conditioning unit.
Deep foundations are used for more complex projects.
Deep foundations are also used when soil conditions
are poor or when building a structure on a hill. Deep
foundations are more than 3 feet (91.44 cm) deep and
can have varying depths throughout. This type of
foundation is suited for a shed or a detached garage.

Good lecture don start oh! I think this should be made "Sticky" when the composition is finished. Thanks.

Hajji Mufutau

In step 5, no sand is needed, or may an omission? I only see Cement and Water... just learning oh!

Hajji M.

Foundation is the lowest part of building. .......correct lecture

However simply put foundation is the substructure while all else is superstructure.

[b]Identifying house foundation problems:

Knowing the early warning signs of foundation troubles can head
off problems that ultimately could cost tens of thousands of naira
to fix. The sooner you identify potential problems, the easier — and
less expensive — it is to fix them.

The 4 Basic Indoor Warning Signs
Houses settle over time, and a little unevenness isn’t cause for
panic. At the same time, you’ll want to be alert to these warning
signs that more dramatic changes are taking place:

1. A door begins to jam or fails to latch.
2. Cracks appear in walls, especially over doorways, windows, or
where walls meet ceilings.
3. Cracks open in vinyl or ceramic tile over a concrete floor.
4. Windows that used to open and close easily suddenly begin to
stick or won’t close completely.

Check the Outside:
Moving outside, check to see if your foundation is straight by
sighting down the length of your foundation wall from each corner.
The walls should be basically straight, both up and down and from
side to side. Check for leaning walls with a level.
A bulge or curve in either a block foundation or a poured concrete
wall could signal that the foundation has shifted, or that the soil
around your foundation may be expanding and contracting, putting
pressure on walls.
Probe Concrete for Weakness
If your house has a poured perimeter foundation and the concrete
appears to be chipping and flaking, poke it in a few places with a
sturdy screwdriver. The concrete should be so hard that you can’t
damage it.
If you manage to chip it or break a piece off, the concrete could be
deteriorating because the mix contained dirty or salty sand, or too
much water. This problem, common in homes built in the early
1900s in some parts of the country, has no remedy short of a new
foundation.

Checking Structural Components:
Foundation systems have other members besides the perimeter
foundation wall. In your basement or crawl space, look for posts
and concrete supports, or piers. Posts should stand straight and
be firmly planted underneath the beams they support. Bottoms of
posts should rest firmly on concrete piers.
You shouldn’t find puddles or see framing that’s wet. Check for rot
by probing wood posts with a screwdriver or awl.
Puddles and other signs of moisture in a crawl space may indicate
poor drainage around the perimeter foundation. Be sure that
gutters aren’t plugged, and that soil slopes away from the
foundation at the rate of 6 inches for every 10 horizontal feet.


If find any of these problem signs or think you have
a foundation problem, it's always a good idea to call
in a professional.


[/b]

[b]Construction matters...
Before your home's foundation is poured, the ground
where your basement or crawl space is located was
excavated. The soil was then tested to determine what
type of foundation footing was needed to properly
support the weight of your home. If an improper
footing is built for the soil type then your home may
end up sinking or settling.
After your foundation footing and foundation walls
are casted, the space surrounding the outside of
your foundation is backfilled. If the wrong type of
backfill is used or it's not prepared properly you
could end up with hydrostatic pressure and
settlement problems.
Hydrostatic pressure is the weight of water at rest.
When it rains or you water your flower beds the
water is absorbed into the ground. If there's more
water than the soil can handle, it collects
underground - and in some cases this is next to your
foundation.
As the water collects next to your foundation it also
pushes against the exterior walls. Over time this will
create waterproofing problems but it can also cause
serious structural issues. The force of the water and
expanding soil pushing up against your foundation
can create bowed walls.[/b]

d

Nice one.

Why not break it into sub-topics for easier reading? E.g;

Foundation types
Foundation failures; causes and solution
Foundation materials

My 1 kobo

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