To bleach means to become fairer than the original skin colour. Many people hide under the word "toning" instead of bleaching. Toning is still bleaching, either a dark person turning to "oyinbo" or a fair person trying to become fairer. Some people, due to insecurity tone or bleach to remove black spots on their skin or to look fresh and more appealing to the eyes of opposite sex. Both toning and bleaching processes change the skin cells producing "melanin" and also stops its production. This melanin pigment is derived from the amino acid tyrosine, which determines the skin and hair colour, it also helps prevents the skin from the sun rays. People with great amount of melanin pigment are dark in complexion. Bleaching creams contain hydroquinone, mercury and khojic acids which damage the skin colouration, causes skin scarring, and reduces the skin's ability to protect the body from ultraviolet rays and thereby causing skin cancer.

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