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Nairaland Forum / Nairaland / General / Health / APOLLO(conjuctivitis): What You Need To Know (3421 Views)
Here Are 5 Tips To Treat Conjunctivitis (apollo) / How To Cure Apollo Eye Problem / Red Eyes/pink Eyes(conjuctivitis) (2) (3) (4)
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APOLLO(conjuctivitis): What You Need To Know by Soneh(m): 12:28pm On Oct 05, 2015 |
Conjunctivitis (popularly known as apollo) is the inflammation of the conjunctiva (the outermost layer of the eye and the inner surface of the eyelids). It is commonly due to an infection (usually viral, but sometimes bacterial) or an allergic reaction. It is caused by allergens (Allergic conjunctivitis) bacterial or viral invasion (Bacterial conjunctivitis and viral conjunctivitis respectively), chemical splash on the eye(s), and neonatal conjunctivitis. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS Red eye (hyperaemia), swelling of conjunctiva (chemosis) and watering (epiphora) of the eyes are symptoms common to all forms of conjunctivitis. However, the pupils are should normally react to light. Viral conjunctivitis is often associated with an infection of the upper respiratory tract, a common cold, and/or a sore throat. Its symptoms include excessive watering and itching. The infection usually begins with one eye, but may spread easily to the other. Bacterial conjunctivitis causes the rapid onset of conjunctival redness, swelling of the eyelid, and discharge of mucous. Typically, symptoms develop first in one eye, but may spread to the other eye within 2–5 days. Bacterial conjunctivitis due to common pus- producing bacteria causes marked grittiness/ irritation and a stringy, opaque, greyish or yellowish mucous that may cause the lids to stick together, especially after sleep. Severe crusting of the infected eye and the surrounding skin may also occur, but, contrary to popular belief, discharge is not essential to the diagnosis. The gritty and/or scratchy feeling is sometimes localized enough for patients to insist they must have a foreign body in the eye. The more acute pyogenic infections can be painful. Common bacteria responsible for non-acute bacterial conjunctivitis are Staphylococci and Streptococci. Chemical eye injury is due to either an acidic or alkali substance getting in the eye. Alkalis are typically worse than acidic burns. Mild burns will produce conjunctivitis while more severe burns may cause the cornea to turn white. Litmus paper is an easy way to rule out the diagnosis by verifying that the pH is within the normal range of 7.0—7.2. Large volumes of water is the treatment of choice and should continue until the pH is 6 —8. Local anaesthetic eye drops can be used to decrease the pain. Other Inclusion conjunctivitis of the newborn (ICN) is a conjunctivitis that may be caused by the bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis, and may lead to acute, purulent conjunctivitis. However, it is usually self-healing. PREVENTION The best effective prevention is hygiene and not rubbing the eyes by infected hands. Vaccinations against adenovirus and bacteria like Haemophilus influenzae, pneumococcus, and Neisseria meningitidis are also effective. MANAGEMENT Conjunctivitis resolves in 65% of cases without treatment, within two to five days. The prescription of antibiotics is not necessary in most cases. For the allergic type, cool water poured over the face with the head inclined downward constricts capillaries, and artificial tears sometimes relieve discomfort in mild cases. In more severe cases, non-steroidal anti- inflammatory medications and antihistamines may be prescribed. Persistent allergic conjunctivitis may also require topical steroid drops. Bacterial conjunctivitis usually resolves without treatment. Antibiotics, eye drops, or ointment may only be needed if no improvement is observed after three days. In people receiving no antibiotics, recovery was in 4.8 days, with immediate antibiotics it was 3.3 days, and with delayed antibiotics 3.9 days. No serious effects were noted either with or without treatment. As they do speed healing in bacterial conjunctivitis, their use is also reasonable. The number of bacterial eye infections related to sexually transmitted disease is steadily rising. Chlamydial eye infections are the world’s leading cause of blindness, and these cases will not resolve without antibiotics Conjunctivitis due to chemicals is treated via irrigation with Ringer’s lactate or saline solution. Chemical injuries (particularly alkali burns) are medical emergencies, as they can lead to severe scarring and intraocular damage. People with chemically induced conjunctivitis should not touch their eyes, regardless of whether or not their hands are clean, as they run the risk of spreading the condition to another eye. Conjunctivitis can be a frustrating condition – especially allergic conjunctivitis – but in most cases it doesn’t pose a serious threat to health. |
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