Irregular menstruation is one with a cycle length of less than 21 days or greater than 35 days. Usually most women have an average cycle length of 28 days. However, it is still medically considered as normal if your cycle length falls between 21 - 35 days with flow i.e period duration of 2 of 7 days. Irregular menses often present as either polymenorrhoea, oligomenorrhoea or Metrorrhagia. When your cycle is less that 21 days, it is known as polymenorrhoea, and it means that your period are too frequent. When it is greater than 35 days, it is known as oligomenorrhoea, and it means that your period if too INfrequent. Metrorrhagia is when irrgular bleeding occcurs in between periods e.g your cycle is 28 days ans you are bleeding by, say, day 14, 18 or 20. Not normal.

Most times, the causes of irregular menstruation are benign and not a cause for serious worry. However, in a few cases, irregular menstruation often signals a very sinister disease state. Better you talk to talk to your doctor and be CERTAIN of your state of wellbeing than assume everything is fine.

Below are 10 common causes of irregular menstruation:

Pregnancy: This is often the commonest cause of a missed period. First thing to do when your period is delayed? You MUST confirm the presence or absence of pregnancy (you can do this at home by testing your urine with those fancy strips sold in pharmacy shops). When pregnancy is absent then it is something else that's causing the delay.

Puberty: Until about 3 years or so after the first menstruation (menarche), it is perfectly normal to experience irregular periods. There is no cause for alarm. This irregularity is due to the simple fact that it takes a few years for the fluctuating hormones in your body to stabilize. If you are a 15 or 16 year-old reading this with an irrgular period, don't panic. It will resolve itself with time.

Contraceptives: If you are practicing any method of contraception, a very common side effect of the it is menstrual irregularity. Be it in the form of pills (oral contraceptive pills), injections, implants or intrauterine devices, irregular menstruation may ensue. Luckily for some women, the period stabilizes back to normal after some time.

Weight loss: Are you obsessed with keeping a slim figure? I got news for you: delayed or absent period is sure to occur when your weight falls below 40kg! So unless you intentionally want to banish menstruation for some time (some women with very painful menstruation do it), you may want to watch your weight loss program and always keep it above 40kg.

Hormonal imbalance: Thyroid disorders such hypothyroidism are associated with hormonal imbalances which eventually affect menstruation. Also, a condition known as hyperprolactinaemia ( excessively high prolactin in the blood), caused by a brain tumor (prolactinoma), causes irregular periods by inhibiting ovluation. Usually when the irregular menstruation is caused by a prolactinoma, other symptoms such as headaches, visual disturbance and nipple discharge also present (NB: talk to a qualified doctor once you have visual disturbance, nipple discharge and irregular menses. In fact, talk to a doctor about everything!)

Pelvic inflammatory disease(PID): This is very serious infection affecting the cervix, uterus, fallopian tubes or ovaries. It is usually a complication of an improperly treated sexually transmitted infection, especially gonorrhoea. It often results when the infection festers for too long, to the point of blocking the tubes. It is also a common cause of infertility among young women. (Visit www.doctorshub.com.ng for FREE, expert medical consultation concerning your health complaints).

Stress: Yes, you read it right. Stress! It, too , can cause you to have irregular menstruation. Very high levels of stress often blocks or inhibits your brain's production and release of ovulatory hormones. It is the very same reason why you have very low sex drive when stressed too much. According to a 2015 study published in the Journal of Clinical & Diagnostic Research, high stress levels were associated with menstrual irregularities.

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS): Usually presenting with symptoms such as irregular menstruation, excessive hair growth (especially around the face), weight gain, infertility, acne, etc, PCOS is an endocrine condition seen in women of reproductive age (15 - 45 years) where the ovaries contain small fluid-filled sacs called cysts. If you have having a delayed period with some of the symptoms listed above, you should talk to your doctor asap.

Menopause: Women who are nearing menopause often complain of irregular menstruation or spotting of blood. This is normal and expected, and is as a result of a decrease in the oestrogen levels associated with menopause.

Breastfeeding: This is reason why your menstruation is delayed after birth when you decide to breastfeed your baby. The hormone prolactin, which is responsible for milk production, is at an all time high during breastfeeding. Prolactin inhibits ovulation and therefore interrupts regular periods. By the way, bteastfeeding is often used as a natural method of contraception (Lactational amenorrhoea).

TREATMENT FOR IRREGULAR MENSTRUATION?
The treatment of an ABNORMAL irregular menstruation is dependednt on the cause. Be it PID, PCOS, thyroid disorders, prolactinoma, or contraceptive use, there is a specific treatment plan for each. Unfortunately, treatment will not be covered in this post because of how tiringly voluminous the information is (you will be bored to death!).

NB: Please,visit www.doctorshub.com.ng to get a FREE treatment plan, from a qualified medical doctor if and when you need one.

http://doctorshub.com.ng/2017/01/06/10-common-reasons-for-your-irregular-menses/

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