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Engine oil the manufacturers lay down which oil is allowed to be used. Here they  give details about:

-viscosity and/or SAE-grade

-approvals

-specifications.

BMW, Ford, Mercedes-Benz, Porsche, Renault, SPA and VW have their own approval for engine oils. Other manufactures use international specifications like ACEA and API. The approvals and specifications have different combinations of numbers and/or letters. These combinations indicate the oil types.

The combinations of numbers and letters are easy to understand.

Viscosity- it describes the flow behavior of the oil. Engine and transmission oils are classified into SAE grades (Society of Automotive Engineers). The viscosity of an oil depends on the temperature (During winter oils of a low viscosity,SAE 10 or SAE 20, used to be applied which were marked with a W. In summer one used to change to oil of a higher viscosity. Giga light SAE 5W-30, are all season oils. They provide a reliable lubrication at all temperatures.

API- The American petroleum institute issues classifications for engine oils. It mainly tests the oils on engines of American manufacturers.

ACEA- is the name of the association of European engine manufacturers (Associations des Constructeurs Europeens d'Automobiles). It draws up specifications of ACEA sum up the requirements on engine oils shared by the European vehicle manufacturers.

These specifications are classified into the sequence A/B and C. Numbers are added for a further differentiation.

Sequence A/B- They describe the requirements of conventional gasoline and diesel engines.


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Thank you for this write up. We can pay more attention on our vehicle's engine oil.