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INTRODUCTION

Man as a thinking being has always invented one form of technology or the other. The most ancient form of technology known to man is the stone tool. As man evolved, so his technical capabilities advance too, that is, from stone tools to more confiscated equipment. Though this advancement has been of great benefit to humanity, but its advantages were never devoid of a negative side effect.

This research work seeks to delve into the understanding of Information Technology (which is hitherto referred to as IT because of multiple recurrences of the words) issues in the human community and the points below will help to guide through this analysis;

Clarification of Terms
Significant Advancement in IT in the Past 50 Years
Impact of IT to the Human Society
Impact of IT on Human Labour
Significance of digital citizenship in the society
Issues in society relating to personal data
Ethical or regulatory issues in IT.
Evaluation on the impact of one current legal, ethical or regulatory issue in IT on a specific and identified organisation.

CLARIFICATION OF TERMS
The term Technology in its early interpretation is a discourse on arts, both fine and applied. When it first appeared in English in the 17th century, it was used to mean a discussion of the applied arts only, and gradually these “arts” themselves came to be the object of the designation. By the early 20th century, the term embraced a growing range of means, processes, and ideas in addition to tools and machines. By mid-century, technology was defined by such phrases as “the means or activity by which man seeks to change or manipulate his environment.” [1]

While Human Society is a group of people who share a common lifestyle and organization. It is believed that the human society evolved from a simple state to a more complex state. Research shows that a broad historical pattern of increasing political complexity, from small groups of related individuals to large societies, has been observed across the world since the end of the last ice age. [2]



SIGNIFICANT ADVANCEMENT IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
It is true that man has evolved over time from a simple tool (technology) to a more confiscated one, but the major shift in human experience of IT is more evident within the past 50 years.

COMMUNICATION
The first and most significant advancement in IT in human society is the advent of communication Technology. After the World War II, the major household communication device was radio and television, in fact this was very expensive at the time hence only few could afford it. Few decades later, television technology became better and better as color televisions largely replaced the original black-and-white sets in the 1970s. Accessories such as video cassette recorders (VCRs) proliferated as screens got larger and the definitions became crisper. In the 1990s, high definition (HD) televisions hit the market which produced a markedly more crisp and vibrant picture than before. [3]

Telephones, another major form of communication also experienced a similarly accelerated increase in use and technological development after World War II (WWII).

From its invention by Alexander Graham Bell in the late 19th century, the telephone grew increasingly popular and largely replaced the telegraph by WWII, with approximately 30 million phones in service by 1948. After WWII, telephone use continued to expand quickly and by the 1970s over 100 million phones were in use.

The next major advancement in telephone communication came in the 1990s with the proliferation of the cellular phone. Though portable and in-vehicle phones had been experimented with since the 1940s, the first true cellular phones (that is, one that pedestrians could carry with them) did not arrive until the 1980s, and even then they were relatively large, clunky objects and were too expensive for the average person. This changed in the 1990s as cell phones got smaller, faster, and cheaper.

The proliferation of text messaging in the early 2000s turned the cellular phone into a multi-use tool. The creation of the smartphone, and most notably Apple’s iPhone, which essentially turned the cell phone into a computer as well, has completely changed the cell phone, putting access to a world of information on a device which only a couple decades ago was used merely for making telephone calls. [3]

EDUCATION
The traditional form of learning is the use of classroom building in the past, but today technology advancement has greatly changed the education sector. We now learn through mobile gadgets and tablets. Technology has simplified the way teachers reach their students and it has also helped students learn from anywhere as well as enable them access academic information at anytime from anywhere. Information is power, so both students and teachers can use advanced technologies for education to make research on subjects of interest. Some of the most popular technology advances which have changed the face of education include: Use of smart phones in classroom, use of tablets and mobile computers in education and classroom , use of smart whiteboards for visual illustration in the classroom, use of internet for long distance learning , Use of social ,media to connect students with teachers for example udemy.com.

E-COMMERCE
The advances in information technology have heavily influenced commercial businesses in several ways. The most important role of information technology in a commercial business, however, is to provide a commercial advantage. Advances such as computer aided design, relational database technologies, spreadsheets, and word processing software all provide a commercial benefit to the business, as does automation of manufacturing processes [4]. The use of information technology to monitor a business performance can also enable the business to highlight areas where they are not making the most use of their resources.

TRANSPORTATION
Though the mode of transportation in the past 50years has been through air, land, and sea with the use of airplanes, vehicles, trains, or ship, but these various means of transportation has undergone a radical development. Today we now talk about self-driving cars, Hybrid cars (Cars using fuel and renewable energy), speedboats, and even drones.

AGRICULTURE
Technology was applied to agriculture in the form of the iron (or iron-tipped) ploughshare, which opened up the possibility of deeper ploughing and of cultivating heavier soils than those normally worked in the Greco-Roman period. The construction of plough improved slowly during these centuries [1]

NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY
Nuclear technology is technology that involves the nuclear reactions of atomic nuclei. Nuclear technology has been over time limited to only the creation of clean electricity, but it is far more relevant than that. Nuclear Technology plays prominent roles also in medicine, power and weapons.

MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY
Perhaps one of the most vital technological advances in our society today is in the field of human medicine and health sciences. This field deals with the maintenance, and restoration of human health through the study, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease and injury. Today, modern medicine is practiced within a well-developed framework of health-care infrastructure. Research in the field of medicine has allowed for the development of many new treatments, drugs, medicines, and solutions that have allowed for the dramatic extension of the human lifespan. [5]

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REFERENCES
Robert Buchanan; History of technology. <https://www.britannica.com/technology/history-of-technology> (Accessed: 10 June, 2019)
The Evolution of Societies. <https://www.sciencealert.com/the-evolution-of-societies> (Accessed: 10 June, 2019
Christopher Sailus; The Advance of Science & Technology Since 1945: Developments & Impact. <https://study.com/academy/lesson/the-advance-of-science-technology-since-1945-developments-impact.html> (Accessed; 11 June,2019)
The Impact of Information Technology on Work and Society. <http://www.benmeadowcroft.com/reports/impact/> (Accessed: 11 June, 2019)
Pratik Rajendra; Technological Advancements and Its Impact on Humanity. <https://www.academia.edu/346486/Technological-Advancements-and-Its-Impact-on-Humanity> (Accessed: 11 June, 2019)