STROKE
Stroke is a sudden death of brain cells due to lack of oxygen caused by blockage of blood flow or rupture of an artery to the brain
stroke: cerebral thrombosis is a narrowing of the artery by fatty deposits called plaque. Plaque can cause a dot to arm , which blocks the passage of blood to the artery.
Embolic stroke: An embolus is a blood clot or other debris circulating in the blood
Hemorrhagic stroke: A burst blood vessel may allow blood to seep into and damage brain tissues
TYPES OF STROKE
1. Ischemic Stroke: This occurs when the arteries to the brain becomes narrow or blocked, causing severely reduced blood flow. It also occurs when a blood vessel supplying blood to the brain is obstructed. It accounts for 87 percent of all strokes.
However,ischemic Stroke can be divided into two main parts namely;
a. Thrombotic stroke: occurs when diseased or damaged cerebral arteries become blocked by the formation of a blood clot within the brain.
b. Embolic stroke: it is also caused by a clot within an artery, but in this case the clot (or emboli) forms somewhere other than in the brain itself. Often from the heart, these emboli will travel in the bloodstream until they become lodged and cannot travel any farther.
2. Hemorrhagic Stroke (Bleeds): It occurs when a weakened blood vessel ruptures. The two types of weakened blood vessels that usually cause hemorrhagic stroke are aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). The most common cause of hemorrhagic stroke is uncontrolled high blood pressure.
3. TIA (Transient Ischemic Attack): Called a “mini stroke,” it’s caused by a serious temporary clot. This is a warning stroke and should be taken seriously.
4. Brain Stem Stroke: Whenever stroke occurs in the brain stem, it can affect both sides of the body and may leave someone in a ‘locked-in’ state. When a locked-in state occurs, the patient is generally unable to speak or move below the neck.
CAUSES OF STROKE:
1. Uncontrolled high blood pressure
2. Aneurysm-weak spots in the blood vessel
3. Embolism
4. Thrombosis
SYMPTOMS OF STROKE
1. Trouble with speaking and understanding
2. Paralysis and numbness of the face,arm or leg
3. Trouble seeing with one or both eyes
4. Trouble with walking
5. Headache
RISK FACTORS
1. Being overweight or obese
2. High cholesterol
3. Cardiovascular diseases
4. Personal or family history
5. Diabetes mellitus
6. Heavy alcohol consumption
7. Hypercoagulability
8. Hyperlipidemia
9. Hypertension
10. Obesity
11. Oral contraceptive use
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