A nationwide strike of court workers in Nigeria is paralysing the justice system, resulting in extended prison remands for those awaiting trial or sentencing and lengthy delays for everyone else.
In March last year, Taiwo Ebun*, 27, was arrested for alleged armed robbery in Lagos. Since then he has been in detention.
He was held in a police station and then transferred to Kirikiri, a maximum-security prison just outside Lagos. His first court appearance was two months ago, one year after his arrest. The magistrate court set the trial for 21 April, but it was postponed to 5 May.
But both dates have passed without any movement in the case due to weeks of strike action by court workers belonging to the Judiciary Staff Union of Nigeria (JUSUN).
The union said the industrial action was to demand financial autonomy for courts, rather than relying on the often corrupt system of funding from state governors, who are regularly accused of misusing funds, with several convicted of fraud.
Nigeria’s constitution gives the judiciary financial autonomy from state governors and heads of courts access to a federal fund. But the government did not comply with this provision in the 1999 constitution until the union took action in 2014 – the second in three nationwide strikes by Nigeria’s court staff.
Last year, Nigeria’s president, Muhammadu Buhari, signed an executive order to implement the provision at state level. But governors have refused to comply and threatened legal action.
The union said the dependence on the executive for funds has affected the day-to-day running of the justice system.
Shobowale Kehinde, chair of JUSUN’s Lagos branch, said: “If the executive arm of the government still pockets the [funds of the] judiciary, that means that for every piece of paper we have to buy, we have to go cap in hand to the executive arm of the government.”
Kehinde said that even though the strike had been primarily about the refusal of the state governors to stick to the law, the welfare of the court workers was also a union grievance.
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“For us as the staff, if the place of work is not conducive, it is our right to champion the cause of making our workplace a better place. When we have our autonomy, then the welfare of the staff would be better discussed with the heads of the court.”
As the strike has dragged on, Ebun and thousands of others awaiting trial have been stuck in prison.
Juwon Sanyaolu, 29, a political activist based in Lagos, was arrested with several others in January in Abuja for protesting against government corruption and detained for 11 days.
He has been released on bail but the government has brought a case against him and the other protesters. He was due to appear before magistrates on 5 May but the court closure has left him in limbo.
“I have just been stuck in Abuja since that day. I stay in Lagos, and this is affecting my work,” he told the Guardian.
Inibehe Effiong, a lawyer and activist, said: “The closure is a painful but necessary action that had to be taken because in the long run, if the judiciary is not functioning independently, access to justice is going to suffer.
“We cannot continue with the current arrangement, where state governors see the judiciary as an extension of the ministry of justice and chief judges [as] serving at their pleasure. They don’t allow the heads of the court to have the money they are entitled to.”
Lawyers and defendants are increasingly worried about the ever-rising backlog of cases. Even before the strike, it could take months to be allocated a court date. The strike has put more strain on an already underfunded and overwhelmed judiciary.
Effiong said he hoped the heads of the court would come up with a way to address the backlog of cases. But for those in prison awaiting their day in court, each day adds to their ordeal.
“It is frustrating knowing that I am inside for what I did not do, and it is more frustrating that I cannot even know my fate,” Ebun said.

This is the same governors clamouring for restructuring o. At their state level, they use their political appointee, Commissioner of Justice, to strangle their Judiciary arm like the case of Cross Rivers State and these governors still want to continue despite the executive order and the stems of the 1999 constitution.
It's so sad that some of those awaiting trial have to suffer but if JUSUN had been clamouring for the end to the illegal control of the judiciary arm by the governors since as far back as 2014 yet the governors still won't budge, I painfully support JUSUN to remain on strike until the governors obey the law. This is not even restructuring demands, it's basic principle of Justice.