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Types of digital images:

Grayscale:
You can choose to call this B&W in it's pure form because Grayscale image has only one single channel and pixel intensity varies between 0 (black) to 255(white). It usually has shades of gray.

Indexed colour:
indexed color is a technique to manage digital images' colors in a limited fashion, in order to save computer memory and file storage, this will not affect the speed or efficiency with which the image is displayed or its quality. when a photo is indexed the photo/image does not necessarily carry the image pixel data but this pixel data is carried elsewhere in what is known as a pallete. See it as already having the colour data stored somewhere in your phone or computer then applied to colorize a grayscale image (in layman's terms)
In more complex terms (for the geeks)
Image has no meaning and are nearly indices into a color map containing 256 in a random sequence which is totally different for each image


Coloured image or RGB:
we should all know this as it applied to most of the current model of how digital images are stored and processed in some of today's computers.
RGB means Red, Green, and Blue. Usually we mean to give 3 values, so one per “primary colour”, which describe intensity, quantity of ink, brightness, or similar quantity. By mixing colours, we produce new colours. So using R, G, B we can produce many more colours.

Parameters of images:


image depth:
image depth gives you the “depth” of the object. The intensity values in the image represent the distance of the object from a viewpoint. You can color code these to visually represent the close and far objects efficiently.
Bright pixels are having highest value and dark pixels are having lowest values.
Now image depth has values according how far is object. Pixel represent distance from camera.


image resolution:
Is simply the number of pixels in an image.
 is sometimes identified by the width and height of the image as well as the total number of pixels in the image. For example, an image that is 2048 pixels wide and 1536 pixels high (2048 x 1536) contains (multiple) 3,145,728 pixels (or 3.1 Megapixels).
On your andriod smartphone, when you open settings on the camera app it allows you to adjust your image setting (resolution), you can control the maximum quality and size of what the camera can produce for an image.


pixel:
As we explained earlier is the smallest unit of a digital image or graphic that can be displayed and represented on a digital on a digital device

pixel value:
Each pixels that represents an image stored has a pixel value which describes how bright that pixel is, and/or what color it should be. There determine the pixel value of a digital image