High Blood Pressure or Hypertension is when your blood pressure increases to unhealthy levels. Your blood pressure measurement takes into account how much blood is passing through your blood vessels and the amount of resistance the blood meets while the heart is pumping.

Hypertension is a silent condition, many people won't experience any symptoms. It may take years or even decades for the condition to reach levels severe enough that symptoms become obvious. The best way to know if you have hypertension is to get regular blood pressure readings.

A blood pressure reading is written like this : 120/80. It's read as 120 over 80. The top number is called the Systolic, and bottom number is called Diastolic. Prompt attention is needed when the reading is always at 140 and above / 90 and above to prevent hypertension crisis.

Hypertensive crisis: The systolic number is over 180 mm Hg, or the diastolic number is over 120 mm Hg. Blood pressure in this range requires urgent medical attention. If any symptoms such as chest pain, headache, shortness of breath, or visual changes occur when blood pressure is this high, medical care is highly needed.

Causes of Hypertension
Hypertension may develop over time with no identifiable causes, most people have this type of high Blood pressure. Or several conditions may cause hypertension. They include :
(i)Kidney problems (ii) Adrenal and thyroid problems (iii) Older age (iv) Drug abuse and too much alcohol (v) Smoking (vi) Lack of physical activity (vii) Too much salt in the diet (viii) A family history of hypertension

Symptoms of Hypertension
(i) Headaches
(ii) Shortness of breath
(iii) Nosebleeds
(iv) Dizziness
(v) Chest pain
(vi) Visual changes

Although, the symptoms don't occur in everyone with hypertension, but waiting for a symptom of this condition to appear could be fatal.

NOTE: Most people with high blood pressure are "salt sensitive", meaning that anything more than the minimal bodily need for salt is too much for them and increases their blood pressure.

A heart-healthy diet emphasizes foods that include: fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins like fish. Lower salt intake, alcohol drinking. Avoid red meat.

Complications
Uncontrolled high blood pressure can lead to complications including :
(a) Heart attack and stroke
(b) Heart failure
(c) Vision loss (after thickened, narrowed or torn blood vessels in the eyes)
(d) Trouble with memory or understanding
(e) Dementia.

Proper Treatment of Hypertension
A complete treatment of any health challenge is only achieved when proper medical evaluation is met with the right, adequate recommendation of treatment. And going through these, it helps to improve the quality of your health and your life. It is widely thought there's no cure for high blood pressure, and most HBP patients are asked to take some medications endlessly to suppress the effects.

An effective treatment works tremendously by improving the overall heart health and enhancing the functioning of the heart so as lower the HBP to optimum level, and also improve the health of other parts of the cardiovascular system.

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