WHAT IS ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION (ED)?

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is the inability to get or keep an erection firm enough to have sexual intercourse. It’s also sometimes referred to as impotence.

Many men experience it during times of stress. It can also be a sign of emotional or relationship difficulties.

Not all male sexual problems are caused by ED. Other types of male sexual dysfunction include:

premature ejaculation
delayed or absent ejaculation
lack of interest in sex
WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF ED?

You may have erectile dysfunction if you regularly have:

trouble getting an erection
difficulty maintaining an erection during sexual activities
reduced interest in sex
Other sexual disorders related to ED include:

premature ejaculation
delayed ejaculation
anorgasmia, which is the inability to achieve orgasm after ample stimulation
CAUSES OF ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION
Male sexual arousal is a complex process that involves the brain, hormones, emotions, nerves, muscles and blood vessels. Erectile dysfunction can result from a problem with any of these. Likewise, stress and mental health concerns can cause or worsen erectile dysfunction.

Sometimes a combination of physical and psychological issues causes erectile dysfunction. For instance, a minor physical condition that slows your sexual response might cause anxiety about maintaining an erection. The resulting anxiety can lead to or worsen erectile dysfunction.

PHYSICAL CAUSES OF ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION
In many cases, erectile dysfunction is caused by something physical. Common causes include:

·Heart disease

·Clogged blood vessels (atherosclerosis)

·High cholesterol

·High blood pressure

·Diabetes

·Obesity

·Metabolic syndrome — a condition involving increased blood pressure, high insulin levels, body fat around the waist and high cholesterol

·Parkinson’s disease

·Multiple sclerosis

·Peyronie’s disease — development of scar tissue inside the penis

·Alcoholism and other forms of substance abuse

·Sleep disorders

·Surgeries or injuries that affect the pelvic area or spinal cord

PSYCHOLOGICAL CAUSES OF ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION
The brain plays a key role in triggering the series of physical events that cause an erection, starting with feelings of sexual excitement. A number of things can interfere with sexual feelings and cause or worsen erectile dysfunction. These include:

·Depression, anxiety or other mental health conditions

·Stress

·Relationship problems due to stress, poor communication or other concerns

RISK FACTORS
As you get older, erections might take longer to develop and might not be as firm. You might need more direct touch to your penis to get and keep an erection.

Various risk factors can contribute to erectile dysfunction, including:

·Medical conditions, particularly diabetes or heart conditions

·Tobacco use, which restricts blood flow to veins and arteries, can cause chronic health conditions that lead to erectile dysfunction

·Being overweight, especially if you’re obese

·Certain medical treatments, such as prostate surgery or radiation treatment for cancer

·Injuries, particularly if they damage the nerves or arteries that control erections

·Medications, including antidepressants, antihistamines and medications to treat high blood pressure, pain or prostate conditions

·Psychological conditions, such as stress, anxiety or depression

·Drug and alcohol use, especially if you’re a long-term drug user or heavy drinker

COMPLICATIONS
Complications resulting from erectile dysfunction can include:

·An unsatisfactory sex life

·Stress or anxiety

·Embarrassment or low self-esteem

·Relationship problems

·The inability to get your partner pregnant

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