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Nairaland Forum / Nairaland / General / Politics / How Awolowo Opposed The Creation Of The Midwestern Region in 1963. (4932 Views)
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How Awolowo Opposed The Creation Of The Midwestern Region in 1963. by Penguin2: 11:09pm On Jun 30, 2023 |
We owe it as a duty to the next generation that the right history is preserved and not allowed to be rewritten, retold or diluted by liars. When I made a post earlier today where I noted that since the 1952 elections, the region that is now known as Southeast and Southsouth have always voted in same direction, I, expectedly, got some negative reactions from proponents of falsehood who tried to remind me that some part of the region now known as Southsouth were geographically and politically part of the Western Region before they became a distinct Midwestern Region. The question they have refused to answer however is why did the people Benin and Delta fight teeth and nail to be separated from the Western Region? And the answer was because the Yorubas who formed the larger ethnic group in the old Western Region wanted to “Yorubanize” everything to the extent of trying to make Yoruba the lingua Franca and having a Yoruba who lived in Sapele representing Benin Province in Western Assembly at some point until Benin people agitated against it. These attitudes forced majority of the political leaders of the then Midwest Province to go into alliance with Azikiwe led NCNC instead of Awolowo’s Action Group (AG). So, even though they were administratively under Western Region, the Midwestern people aligned with Azikiwe’s NCNC politically. The implication was that they voted in same pattern with the Eastern Region where NCNC dominated. And that was how in 1952, out of 24 elected representatives of Midwestern Province in the Western Regional Assembly, 21 of them were of NCNC and only 3 were of Awolowo’s Action Group. When the Western House of Assembly opened in January 1952, 21 out of 24 Midwesterners were allied with the NCNC while three – S.O. Ighodaro, Arthur Prest, and Anthony Enahoro - were allied with the Action Group. One immediate source of irritation was the government’s official pamphlet, which insensitively described the Parliamentary Mace with four ceremonial swords as representing the authority of Yoruba Chiefs. To aggravate matters, when the unicameral Western House of Assembly was formally declared open by then Lt. Governor Sir Hugo Marshall, the Alake of Abeokuta, rose to speak immediately after Sir Marshall and said: In July/August 1953, Councilor J. Osadolo Edomwonyi moved a motion in the Benin Divisional Council praying the Constitutional Conference in London to include on its agenda, the creation of a separate region for the Benin and Delta provinces [Edomwonyi, Op. Cit.]. However, overshadowed by a bitter fight between Obafemi Awolowo of the Western region and Nnamdi Azikiwe of the Eastern region over excision of Lagos on one hand and Southern Cameroons on the other, creation of new States was overruled at the London Constitutional conference [Report of the Conference on the Nigerian Constitution, held in London, July-August, 1953 Cmnd. 8934, (London: H.M.S.O., 1953, p4)]. When he returned from London, Chief Omo-Osagie briefed Oba Akenzua II, who then made arrangements to host a conference of traditional and political leaders of the Benin and Delta provinces on September 18, 1953 in Benin City. Anthony Enahoro, S. O. Ighodaro, Arthur Prest and the Olu of Warri boycotted this well attended meeting. In his address, Oba Akenzua II said, among other things that Midwesterners were seeking freedom, “not only from the white man, but also from foreign african nations…” He went on to state that, In 1954, Obafemi Awolowo became Premier of the Western region under the 1954 Constitution that created the Federation of Nigeria. At the same time Chief Festus Okotie-Eboh of Warri, representing the NCNC, became the Regional Minister of Labour and Welfare. Dennis Osadebay emerged as NCNC Opposition leader in the West, while V.I. Amadasun became NCNC Chief Whip. Meanwhile the BDPP relied increasingly on the local NCNC operational infrastructure, even while foreswearing any party links in public. As time went on, therefore, pressure grew from within the BDPP to formally ally the party with the NCNC – which the Oba was opposed to. Meanwhile there were unconfirmed rumors at the end of 1954 that the Oba had reached a secret deal with Chief Awolowo. [Michael Vickers, Ethnicity and Sub-Nationalism in Nigeria, p93] https://www.dawodu.com/articles/benin-and-the-midwest-referendum-297 7 Likes 1 Share |
Re: How Awolowo Opposed The Creation Of The Midwestern Region in 1963. by Researcher720(f): 11:10pm On Jun 30, 2023 |
Ok 1 Like |
Re: How Awolowo Opposed The Creation Of The Midwestern Region in 1963. by Penguin2: 11:11pm On Jun 30, 2023 |
Contrary to the lies that propagandists would want the public to believe that the Western Region willingly granted Referendum to the Midwest, the true story is that Awolowo tried to assassinate the proponents of the then Midwest Region. The Action Group had in the meantime conceptualized a plan to seize political control of Benin by co-opting the Oba and destroying Chief H Omo-Osagie. Another development in the Western Regional Assembly that created consternation in the Benin and Delta provinces was the attempt in 1956 to enforce Yoruba as a language medium in all schools throughout ALL the provinces. The British Lt. Governor, Sir John Rankine, vetoed compulsory implementation in the Benin and Delta provinces, explaining that it was a time–bomb. It is not clear what role Oba Akenzua II played in securing this veto. [personal communication, D. A. Omoigui] In May of 1956, Benin people voted against the Oba of Benin’s son because he was in Awolowo’s Action Group. They voted for the candidate of NCNC. Meanwhile on May 26, during Western parliamentary regional elections in Benin, Otu-Edo secured victory once again. Notably, G.I. Oviasu of Otu-Edo/NCNC defeated S.O. Ighodaro of the Action Group and the Oba’s second son, Felix Akenzua, lost to VI Amadasun. One irritant during this election was the complaint that many students from the Benin and Delta provinces at the University College Ibadan were so mistrusted by Action group operatives on campus that their names were surreptitiously removed from voters’ registration lists in Ibadan.. It was so bad that a leader of the then Midwest Province preferred Midwest being bombed by nuclear weapons than remaining under Western Region. Before settling down to prepare for the Willink Commission visit, reaction to the outcome of the London Conference among members of the MSM was extremely negative. Chief Omo-Osagie, for example, said, Some testimonies of some Midwestern people before Henry Willinks Commission which was set up in 1958 to look into the agitation of the Midwestern people. Awolowo gave scholarships to only Yorubas. He taxed the Benin-Warri province excessively and used the money to develop Ibadan while Benin had nothing. The position of the MSM was based on fear of colonization by the Yoruba. Detailed testimony was heard from a broad range of witnesses, including Chiefs Ezomo, Oliha, Ineh and Osula. Other witnesses included the Chairmen of the Iyekovia, Uhunmwode and Benin City councils, namely Messrs Adonrin, Atohengbe and Ogbebor. Edo women made a submission through Madam Eweka. Complaints included lack of rubber markets and processing facilities, excessive local taxation, including “head taxes” which would then be remitted to Ibadan, poor infrastructure, and discrimination in the award of scholarships and opportunities for Edo women traders at Ibadan. More recently, Mr. Isaac Asemota recalled that, “While Benin- City stayed in the dark with no electricity, running water, good roads, separate and unequal schools and grossly inadequate health clinics, there in Ibadan, Edo tax monies were being squandered in the construction of Cocoa House, Mapo Hall and Commercial Broadcasting Service Radio Station whose frequency we couldn’t even pick up in Benin-City. The best we could hope for was Redifussion radio which had a very low frequency and could not be heard more than two miles away from the broadcasting booth. “ (Isaac Asemota: “The last Edo Political Titan: Chief Humphrey Omo-Osagie” unpublished manuscript, Edo-Nation Egroup, July 2, 2002.) In trying to dissuade the Midwest people from demanding for a separate region, Awolowo’s Action Group threw the ethnic card. This shows that these guys have always been tribalistic and using the anti-Igbo sentiments since the pre-colonial period. In response to testimony of pro-Midwest witnesses, a shadowy organization called the “Anti-Midwest State Movement” was put forward by the Action Group. It asserted that Edos had more to fear from Igbo than Yoruba domination, and that creation of a Midwest region would expose Edos to Igbo domination. What the Henry Willinks Commission Observed. Among its observations, the commission noted that actual expenditure on road development in the Midwest area up to March 31, 1957, was only 15% of the estimates, compared with 50% in the Yoruba West. It also made the following observation: https://www.dawodu.com/articles/benin-and-the-midwest-referendum-297 6 Likes 1 Share |
Re: How Awolowo Opposed The Creation Of The Midwestern Region in 1963. by Penguin2: 11:12pm On Jun 30, 2023 |
Awolowo never wanted the Midwest to become a separate region. And it’s very likely he instigated the COR (Calabar-Ogoja-Rivers) to demand for a separate region away from Eastern Region as payback for NCNC’s support for the creation of the Midwestern Region. 1961-62 They did not start selling propaganda today. To cause disaffection between Benin and other ethnic minorities in the proposed Midwest Region, Awolowo boys started writing about supposed “Benin Domination”. On April 4th, 1961, what is now known in history as the first Midwest motion was moved and carried by voice acclamation in the federal House of Representatives [Federal Parliamentary Debates, 4 April, 1961, col. 802]. It was a private member’s motion, which would run into legal trouble later because no formal count had been taken, as constitutionally required, of those in favor or against, and many complained that they had left the council chamber before the voice vote was taken. The April 1961 Midwest motion in the federal legislature was followed by initial approval in June 1961 in the Eastern region and in September 1961 in the Northern region. During this period newspaper articles written by AG loyalists appeared in which various ethnic groups of the proposed Midwest were warned of “Benin domination.” In the smear campaign, designed to derail Midwest unity, rumors were spread about how certain posts were going to be dominated by “Benin.” In 1962, the Eastern and Northern Regional Assemblies passed the bill to create the Midwestern Region but Western Region Assembly passed a motion countering the passage of the bill in Northern and Eastern Assemblies. This is the Awolowo they said “willingly” granted the Midwest their region. Late on March 23rd, 1962, Senator Dalton Asemota of the Benin province received an important visitor in his apartment at the federal legislator’s Legco Flats in Victoria Island, Lagos. His visitor was none other than Chief Anthony Enahoro, Vice President of the Action Group and leader of the Midwest Regional Executive. Enahoro stayed on in Senator Asemota’s flat until the early hours of the morning lobbying him to adopt the party position of the AG to vote against the second Midwest motion. The Senator, who was not a party man, was nonetheless reminded that he owed his position to the goodwill of the Action Group government in Ibadan. Early on the 24th, late Senator Asemota’s wife, late Mrs. Onaiwu Asemota (nee Obinwa family of Onitsha) rushed to my parent’s house to report the conversation Enahoro had with Senator Asemota. On this basis, the Senator’s brother in Benin, late Pa Elekhuoba Asemota was contacted emergently by phone with a report of what had transpired. My parents rushed to the Senator’s flat to ask him whether he had decided to oppose the motion. The late Senator, to his eternal credit, smiled and told my parents, “Do not worry, my children, even if it costs me this position, I shall not act against the interests of my people.” (personal communication, GO Omoigui) How the Midwest Bill finally scaled the hurdle of the Western Region Assembly and got their Referendum. On April 19, 1962, one day after S. O. Ighodaro went to court on behalf of the Akintola government to challenge the Midwest motion, Chief SL Akintola was expelled from the Action Group by Chief Obafemi Awolowo after an unsuccessful attempt at reconciliation. The Governor of the West, Sir Adesoji Aderemi was advised by a majority of Action Group legislators at Ibadan to dismiss Akintola as Premier and replace him with Alhaji D. S. Adegbenro – an act that was challenged all the way up to the Privy Council in London. On May 26, 1962 an attempt by the Western House to meet and ratify Akintola’s dismissal ended in confusion, leading to Police intervention. Armed with his wet handkerchief as an antidote to teargas, V.E. Amadasun was one of the first to rush to Lagos from Ibadan to inform the Midwest community in the federal government of the development, which led to the eventual declaration of a State of Emergency in the West on May 29 [Federation of Nigeria Official Gazette, supplement to No. 38, Vol. 49, May 29, 1962]. Although the Privy Council eventually approved the Governor’s action, its “approval” had been overtaken by events in Nigeria because of a constitutional amendment by the Federal House of Representatives. Meanwhile, under the “emergency administration” of the West led by Senator MA Majekodunmi, a fresh slate of predominantly pro-Midwest Midwesterners became ministers, including Mark Uzorka, T. E. Salubi, Webber Egbe, A. Y. Eke etc, with Oba Akenzua II and the Olu of Warri as “advisers.” It was the emergency administration in the West which gave the Western region’s approval for the Midwest referendum to proceed. https://www.dawodu.com/articles/benin-and-the-midwest-referendum-297 5 Likes 2 Shares |
Re: How Awolowo Opposed The Creation Of The Midwestern Region in 1963. by helinues: 11:18pm On Jun 30, 2023 |
Why was Adaka Boro arrested? What was his offence? Who arrested him? 16 Likes 2 Shares |
Re: How Awolowo Opposed The Creation Of The Midwestern Region in 1963. by Ezeama400: 11:20pm On Jun 30, 2023 |
They will desert the thread 10 Likes 2 Shares |
Re: How Awolowo Opposed The Creation Of The Midwestern Region in 1963. by Ezeama400: 11:20pm On Jun 30, 2023 |
helinues: Create a topic for that ... Face the topic and stop deviating This thread includes how Oba of Benini was locked outside because he came late and treated with disdain in western traditional rulers council dominated by Yoruba traditional rulers.. The creation of mid-western region was vehemently opposed by Awolowo and the western region even though Awolowo worked tirelessly for and supported the creation of the Calabar-Ogoja-Rivers (COR) region to be carved out from the Eastern region. With the oil rich region now independent from Ibadan and the discovery of large deposits of crude in Rivers, Awolowo's western region would have been the poorest region after the secession of Biafra and Mid-West Region. This is the sole reason Awolowo renegaded on his declaration to secede once Biafra leaves Thank God for Azikiwe's intervention that liberated mid West.. Average SW person hates hearing this.. 27 Likes 3 Shares |
Re: How Awolowo Opposed The Creation Of The Midwestern Region in 1963. by GeneralPula: 11:26pm On Jun 30, 2023 |
Mtchew.. Keep deceiving your fellow headless mob.. 10 Likes 2 Shares |
Re: How Awolowo Opposed The Creation Of The Midwestern Region in 1963. by helinues: 11:39pm On Jun 30, 2023 |
The problem with op and his likes is they don't know how to have a decorum. You can't be using emotions to be writing something that will implicate your own region. The purpose of this thread is to show how the then Westerners mistreated the Midwest people which made them to break away. Meaning when they requested for being alone, it was granted to them by the then Western government, no Fighting, no arrest. I asked questions about Adaka Boro above, if the Niger Delta people wasn't mistreated by the majority dominated Eastern people which Ojukwu is the one in charge of Eastern region while Ironsi was the head of State, would they have demanded to have their own republic ? Were Niger Delta people allowed to gain their freedom from the dominated Easterners? The answer is No but instead their leader was mistreated Awolowo made 2 important attempt for Nigeria to have a secession clause should Incase they are tired of the contraption, Azikwe bluntly said no, for better for good. Adaka Boro and his people got fed up about the contraption early enough, Ironsi and Ojukwu also said No, we die here together. You sabotaged others efforts in leaving this contraption and you think those people would also allow you to go? That dream of Biafra will continue to be a fermented palm wine tapper's dream. You can't plant guava and be expecting to harvest apple 43 Likes 8 Shares |
Re: How Awolowo Opposed The Creation Of The Midwestern Region in 1963. by Jogs1900: 11:39pm On Jun 30, 2023 |
Penguin2:Why not do well to include the source of this information . 3 Likes |
Re: How Awolowo Opposed The Creation Of The Midwestern Region in 1963. by olisaEze(m): 11:42pm On Jun 30, 2023 |
"The reason for this was security as his life was threatened openly by those enraged by his demands for Mid-West State." The demand for a better Nigeria by the youth seems to have enraged some against one particular region just as in the past. Whenever these particular set of people speak, the emotion they accuse others of is so glaring in their speeches that it’s alarming! Even the govt they support had to step in and arrest one that called for his tribesmen to rise up and kill their fellow countrymen! Reason for his rage?? Those his countrymen unknowingly make him feel bad about himself! In one month the country has gone from bad to worse, but there they go, suffering & smiling on empty stomachs as they walk back to their dark houses and empty generator tanks! 4 Likes 2 Shares |
Re: How Awolowo Opposed The Creation Of The Midwestern Region in 1963. by Christistruth00: 11:45pm On Jun 30, 2023 |
Don't you think that the failure to give the Eastern Region minorities Referendum at the same time as the midwest was a mistreatment of them especially as it was they who started the Campaign for referendum for their own separate Region first? 18 Likes 2 Shares |
Re: How Awolowo Opposed The Creation Of The Midwestern Region in 1963. by Zupay: 12:08am On Jul 01, 2023 |
"One irritant during this election was the complaint that many students from the Benin and Delta provinces at the University College Ibadan were so mistrusted by Action group operatives on campus that their names were surreptitiously removed from voters’ registration lists in Ibadan". .......So no be today this rònú nonsense begin!😊😊😊 16 Likes 3 Shares |
Re: How Awolowo Opposed The Creation Of The Midwestern Region in 1963. by limeta(f): 1:02am On Jul 01, 2023 |
They will not come here to lie any more Not only fulanis that don't want history lessons in schools yorubas has a hand in it too In short it was yorubas ideas sold to fulanis 10 Likes 2 Shares |
Re: How Awolowo Opposed The Creation Of The Midwestern Region in 1963. by Stoplying: 1:10am On Jul 01, 2023 |
limeta:The yoruba see history as a rival to yoruba fairytales, so they axed history. Also Yoruba don't like the constant reminder that most of them descend from slaves. 13 Likes 2 Shares |
Re: How Awolowo Opposed The Creation Of The Midwestern Region in 1963. by Kapeter(m): 1:13am On Jul 01, 2023 |
No matter how horrible you ibo try to paint the Yorubas. Prosperity is there to judge. No matter the trash which i'm not interested in reading you posted there one thing is for certain, Was the Bendel (The so called mid west) granted independence or not? Were they not allowed to have their own life in their hands? Now let's talk about the minority in the ibo dominated eastern region. What happened to Adaka Boro when he deemed it fit for his non ibo people to have freedom and own their life? Why was he arrested, why were the so much loved non ibos of eastern region mostly used for target practice by the majority ibos during the civil war and other atrocities. Even till date the minority in our midst enjoy the best of freedom but same can never be said about independent ethnicity even in far away Niger Delta as you lots still try to lump them in your so called Beeeerfraud. Yorubas believe in on Yoruba. We care less about any other group ok. We were in opposition (Thanks to all the almajiri balls that eleribu azukawe have to suck anyway), yet the most developed region still and now the most important mainstream. President and vice president. Pull that off and let's see how far you can go you primitive lots. 19 Likes 1 Share |
Re: How Awolowo Opposed The Creation Of The Midwestern Region in 1963. by Kapeter(m): 1:15am On Jul 01, 2023 |
limeta:The only people that never wanted history to be told are the yeeeeeeeeebos because it would remind them about how 3 milllion of them died for no reason and their greatest hero wore wrapper to flee to neighboring Ivory coast. 18 Likes 2 Shares |
Re: How Awolowo Opposed The Creation Of The Midwestern Region in 1963. by Kapeter(m): 1:17am On Jul 01, 2023 |
Stoplying:Lat time i check, the yeeeeeeebos have no history pre colonial era. Even their warrant chiefs called igwe and the likes were chosen by their colonialist so i wonder who really doesn't want anything to remind them of their primitive lifestyle though. 19 Likes 2 Shares |
Re: How Awolowo Opposed The Creation Of The Midwestern Region in 1963. by limeta(f): 1:17am On Jul 01, 2023 |
helinues: Same old gibberish You sound hollow no air no sound more like gasping for breath Take a break take a kit kat break . 14 Likes 1 Share |
Re: How Awolowo Opposed The Creation Of The Midwestern Region in 1963. by Stoplying: 1:18am On Jul 01, 2023 |
Kapeter:It wasn't up to your people, it was despite your people's derailing of our agenda that we got the referendum done ! The reason we wanted the referendum in the first place is because of your ethnic bigotry. And nobody needs to paint you anyhow, your actions paint you in a bad light already. Also, it seems you don't understand that Bendel was only the future name of the Midwestern region, it came to being when Nigeria was seperated into states. 12 Likes 2 Shares |
Re: How Awolowo Opposed The Creation Of The Midwestern Region in 1963. by Stoplying: 1:20am On Jul 01, 2023 |
Kapeter:Yes the Igbos have no history. But neither do the Yorubas. The Igbos accept that they have no history whereas the yorubas invent stories of batman dropping from the sky with golden Mr T chains: I think you call it super Oduduwa. 23 Likes 1 Share
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Re: How Awolowo Opposed The Creation Of The Midwestern Region in 1963. by Kapeter(m): 1:25am On Jul 01, 2023 |
Stoplying:Dear omo nna, all that i see here is nothing but trash. Expecting something better. 8 Likes |
Re: How Awolowo Opposed The Creation Of The Midwestern Region in 1963. by Kapeter(m): 1:28am On Jul 01, 2023 |
Stoplying:Even our colonizers know that we were never mates. Everything was well documented. Th Yorubas have never been mate to any Southern ethnic group oga. Everything has always been well documented. Find it ok. I'm sure you don't want me to start seeking that for you. 13 Likes 2 Shares |
Re: How Awolowo Opposed The Creation Of The Midwestern Region in 1963. by Wutinky: 1:31am On Jul 01, 2023 |
Stoplying: You forgot to add Ijebu-ode people who claimed to come from Sudan, don't mind those confused lots 18 Likes 1 Share |
Re: How Awolowo Opposed The Creation Of The Midwestern Region in 1963. by Wutinky: 1:35am On Jul 01, 2023 |
Kapeter: Is your colonial master aware the person who gave birth to all Yorubas fell from the Sky all the way from south arabia? Can you explain to me how the Ijebus came from Sudan? Oponu didirin 18 Likes 3 Shares |
Re: How Awolowo Opposed The Creation Of The Midwestern Region in 1963. by Kapeter(m): 1:49am On Jul 01, 2023 |
Wutinky:Omo nna re colonised with the Yoruba language, Just how i loved it. Speak and hate us in our language and culture bruv. I so much love the hate. In all, all that i'm so much aware of is that while one of them have no history of anything, the other one was already civilized. Go and verify bruv 15 Likes 2 Shares |
Re: How Awolowo Opposed The Creation Of The Midwestern Region in 1963. by Oghighirhighi: 1:51am On Jul 01, 2023 |
Oh, very precious writing. I have saved it for posterity. Cheers 8 Likes |
Re: How Awolowo Opposed The Creation Of The Midwestern Region in 1963. by Wutinky: 1:57am On Jul 01, 2023 |
Kapeter: Ewedu muncher Where did Oduduwa came from? 13 Likes 1 Share |
Re: How Awolowo Opposed The Creation Of The Midwestern Region in 1963. by Kapeter(m): 1:59am On Jul 01, 2023 |
Wutinky:Confused clown with no history. Tell me where nnas came from first, i want to check something. 10 Likes |
Re: How Awolowo Opposed The Creation Of The Midwestern Region in 1963. by stonemasonn: 2:53am On Jul 01, 2023 |
Well atleast they got their region as they wanted at the end. The same can't be said about others. 11 Likes 2 Shares |
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