Percutaneous nephrolithotomy is a surgical procedure used to remove certain stones in the kidney or upper ureter (the tube that drains urine from the kidney to the bladder) that are too large for other forms of stone treatment such as shock wave lithotripsy or ureteroscopy. The procedure takes three to four hours to complete. Risks include blood in your pee, blood clots, infection and healing problems. Recovery takes two to four weeks. Read full article on kidney stones (causes, symptoms, risk factors, diagnosis and treatment options): https://medmichihealthcare.com/what-is-kidney-stones/