In many situations people lot do things out of provocation from other party. The outcomes of this issue usually comes with some guilt and regrets. In some cases what the provokers did was not even part of the bad news or story that came out of it.
There are different scenarios how the provokers can be avoided.
Boss vs Surbordinate
Be disciplined to differentiate between what’s personal and official. If it’s personal you can create some gaps or distance to avoid interactions. If it’s official, need to understand the organization’s policy so as to be able to take right steps and decisions. If still not sure, you can consult with peers or superiors.
Spouses
It is better to quietly leave the scene and stay alone, if it’s possible to go outside or locked up in a room until the other fellow realizes his/her mistake and apologizes. After the ignoring the provoking fellow for a while and has calm down you can communicate your feelings back your spouse in a conversational manner.
If the partner is still not changing then try and planning more distant arrangement/mechanize to avoid been provoked. If the matter is getting heated up, then separation for a while is advisable.
Neighbor
The best is way to ignore and avoid interactions. You may still be greeting but no close relationship or discussions. If the party is notices and ready to make amends he or she will come for reconciliation.
These and many more related steps will help to keep arm-length to avoid unnecessary provocative actions.