₦airaland Forum

NIGERIANS SHOULD NOT NEGLECT EDUCATION COS IT BULIDS A MAN IN ALL WAY ROUND.CAN U IMAGINE THE GOVT TIOLING WITH EDUCATION!.IT  IS VERY DISASTROUS.ASUU KNOWS WHERE THE SHOES PINCHES THEM.ALL THEY NEED IS THE FEDERAL GOVT TO ALLEVIATE SUCH PAIN, BUT THE REVERSE IS THE CASE AND IT IS REALLY TELLIN HARD ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF THE STUDENTS. MAKE THEM TO VENTURE INTO EVIL VICES.I SEE, SINCE THEIR CHILDREN IS NOT IN THIS NIGERIAN SCHOOLS.I DONT SEE ANY REASON Y THEY SHOULD BE BOTHERED?.BUT I PLEAD THE INDULGENCE OF ASUU TO CONTINUE THE FIGHT FOR BETTER EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM IN NIGERIA(UNIVERSITIES).I DONT REALLY KNOW IF GRANTING THE NEEDS OF ASUU WILL REMOVE THEIR DIGNITY OR WEALTH FROM THEM, IT IS A FIGHT FOR THE NEXT GENERATIONS TO COME.NO WONDER GHANA UNIVERSITIES WENT ON STRIKE FOR 3 GOOD YEARS AND HER GOVT FINALLY ANSWER THIER PLEA.AND NOW THEIR UNIVERSITES IS RANKIN WELL IN THE WORLD AND EVEN OUR OUR STUDENTS ARE EAGER TO GO THERE!Y CANT GOVT GIVE EDUCATION A BETTER NAME IN NIGERIA SO THAT OTHER FOREIGNERS CAN COME AND PARTAKE FROM IT?SO THEY SHOULD DO EVYTHIN POSSIBLE TO ATTEND TO ASUU APPROPRIATELY!!!KEEP ON THE GOOD FIGHT!!!IT IS  A FIGHT TO THE FINISH!!!!

thanks iloegbe for dis info.but i plead ur indiugence to make the website of this niit scholarship known 2 us;so that those that aren't residing in lagos can participate.please

Nigeria: ASUU Strike May End This Week, Says Yar'Adua
26 June 2007
Posted to the web 27 June 2007
President Umaru Musa Yar'Adua has assured the nation that the Academic Staff Union of Universities (ASUU) may call off their three months old strike this week.
The Nigerian helmsman who spoke yesterday at the national executive council meeting of the People's Democratic Party (PDP), expressed the optimism that with the end of the NLC strike, there was every likelihood that of the university lecturers would be over in the course of the week.
This is coming as the House of Representatives will today table a motion for a resolution of the ASUU strike as well as lasting solution to labour crises in the country.
Already, the Nigeria Labour Congress has expressed its readiness to be part of the process seeking to end the industrial dispute between the Federal Government and members of the Academic Staff Union of Universities (ASUU)
Labour
Member of the House representing Itu constituency of Akwa Ibom State, Hon. Etta Inang, disclosed to THISDAY that some members had already submitted motions on notice, among others, the handling of the Nigeria Labour congress strike and the moves by the House leadership to find an amicable solution to the issue of the ASUU who have been on strike since April this year.
A member of the Senate, Senator Mohammed Bello, (representing Kano Central on the platform of the All Nigeria Peoples Party (ANPP) has also made a passionate appeal to the ASUU to call off the strike.
The ASUU President, Dr. Suleiman Kano, had last week met with the leadership of the National Assembly on how to resolve the lingering crisis. Kano told the Speaker of the House, Hon. Hon. Olubunmi Etteh, that the ASUU executive would meet this week and get back to the assembly as he could not take a unilateral decision on the matter. Basking in the euphoria of its newly cemented relationship with government, achieved through the recent agreement for the suspension of the national strike on fuel price hike, the NLC appeared set to take on the issues relating to the stalled negotiation between ASUU and the federal ministry of Education.

WHAT WE NIGERIANS JUST CARE ABOUT IS THAT"THERE IS FOOD ON THE
TABLE"WE DONT CARE TO KNOW THE SANITARY PROCESS(ES) IT WENT THROUGH B4 IT WAS BROUGHT TO You.ALL You CARE IS THERE IS FOOD TO EAT.FOR EXAMPLE IF You ARE THE TYPE THAT BUY THINGS FROM HAWKERS, MAKE SURE You WASH B4 EATING IS VERY IMPORTANT,BECOS SO MANY HANDS MIGHT HAVE TOUCH IT B4 You BOUGHT IT. AND SOME OF THIS HANDS CARRY BACTERIAS AND GERMS!!!AND EVEN THOSE OF You THAT EAT IN RESTAURANT! HAVE You TAKE UR TIME TO GO TO WHERE THIS FOOD ARE BEING PREPARED! AND You WILL ALSO SEE THAT EVEN THE WATER THEY USE IN WASHIN THEIR PLATE WOULD HAVE BEEN USE AND THEY WILL STILL USE IT TO WASH ANOTHER PLATE.WHAT A DIRTY LIFE WE ARE LIVING! AND MOST OF THEM FEEL UNCONCERN TO MAKE SURE THAT THE FOOD HAVE THE RIGHT NUTRIENTS;ALL THEY CARE ABOUT IS QUANTITY NOT QUALITY,ONLY FEW ONES ARE CONCERNED. JUST GO AROUND RESTAURANT,AND You WILL FIND THAT MOST OF THEM WILL BE FOUND WANTIN AT THE END OF THE DAY!PLZ WHAT You HAVE EATEN CAN NOT BE VOMITTED!SO BE WATCHFUL OF WHAT You EAT!IF You MONITOR THE SANITARY PROCESSES OF UR FOOD ,I KNOW You WILL RARELY FALL SICK IN A YEAR.I ASSURE OF THAT!!!

petrogas scholarship is on .so go and enroll.for only 100 level student.visit:www.fosadconsulting.com

sound sultan is a musician.his real name is olarewaju fasasi.a graduate 4rm lasu, studied geography and regional planning.that name sound sultan was given to him by his elder brothers and sisters.his musical influence are fela kuti of blessed memory and bob marley.

sound sultan is a musician.his real name is olarewaju fasasi.a graduate 4rm lasu, studied geography and regional planning.that name sound sultan was given to him by hie elder brothers and sisters.his musical influence are fela kuti of blessed memory and bob marley.

THERE WAS A CERTAIN MAN WHO IS LIVING AT AJEGUNLE[FACE ME I FACE U HOUSE].SO, HE WAS TAKING HIS BATH IN THE BATHROOM,SUDDENLY HE HEARD FROM SOMEONE SHOUTING "FIRE"!!! "FIRE"!!! "FIRE"!!! , WITH THAT ALARM HE DECIDED TO RUN OUT THINKING THAT THE HOUSE HAS GOTTED FIRE!!!! AND HE HAS ALREADY STRIP HIMSELF NAKED!ONLY TO FIND OUT THAT IT WAS A WOMAN THAT WAS PRAYING AND SHOUTING "FIRE"!!! "FIRE"!!! "FIRE"!!!, CAN U IMAGINE!!!

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Downloading the Latest Version of Perl
by Tom Christiansen
Contents of this document
Source Code Distribution
Stable Production Release (Current Version)
Experimental Developer's Release (Upcoming Version)
Previous Releases (Legacy Version)
Source License
Binary Distributions
Unix, Linux
Win32
Macintosh Classic
Getting Help

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Overview
Perl is Open Source software. You can download it for free as a source code or as a pre-compiled binary distribution.


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Perl Source Code Distribution
Use the instructions below to download the complete Perl source code distribution via your Web browser. On CPAN, you will find Perl source in the /src directory. The source code is distributed as either a Unix-style tar archive compressed by GNU zip (gz) or as a PC-style ZIP archive. (The only difference is the type of archive; the same source code files are inside the archive.

Once you download the gzip or zip archive, extract the source code files from the distribution and then follow the instructions on how to compile the source code for your system. If you don't have a compiler, or are unclear about compiling source code, then look first for a binary distribution of Perl.

Please note that we merely distribute Perl here. We neither develop it nor support it. Please consult the appropriate README and INSTALLING files if you have trouble configuring, compiling, and installing Perl.

Stable Production Release
The current version of Perl is 5.8.8. This is a stable, tested release that you should use in production environments.

DOWNLOAD Stable Release from CPAN/src
Get source for Unix and Windows systems stable.tar.gz archive

This version is a stable, production release that compiles out of the box for virtually all flavors of Unix (its native environment), plus VMS, OS/2, and 32-bit Microsoft platforms as well.

Experimental Developer's Release
The developer's release of Perl is currently at version 5.9.4. The developer's release is purely experimental. It is intended for particularly brave developers who want to get close to the front lines of Perl development. (If you want the current development sources, see the "Keeping in sync" section of the file pod/perlhack.pod. Please note that this is bleeding-edge code and requires you to know what you are doing.)

DOWNLOAD Developer's Release from CPAN/src
Get source for Unix and Windows systems devel.tar.gz archive

Previous Versions of Perl
For the faint of heart, the previous version of Perl is the 5.6.2 release. Timid souls who are afraid to upgrade to the current release might want this.

DOWNLOAD Last Release from CPAN/src
Get source for Unix systems perl5.6.2.tar.gz archive

Source Licence
Perl is Open Source software. It's free for you to download and use as you wish. Perl's license is the Artistic license. Read it if you aren't sure what you can or can't do. The bottom line is that this is a kinder and gentler version of the GNU license -- one that doesn't infect your work if you care to borrow from Perl or package up pieces of it as part of a commercial product!

Binary Distributions
Binary distributions of Perl are available for various platforms, including Win32 (Windows NT/95/2000/XP), Mac, and Unix. Please read all documentation that comes with each package, as one distribution for a given platform may be very different than another for the same platform (for example, it may include different add-ons, be compiled from a different version of Perl etc.)

Generally speaking, CPAN doesn't distribute Perl binaries. It does provide information in the /ports directory that will point you to sites that maintain binary distributions for specific platforms.

Perl for Win32
The Win32 Perl Wiki has copious information about downloading, configuring, and compiling Perl on Win32 machines. It is the best single resource for this topic.

ActivePerl is the long-awaited "merge" of the two popular Perl Win32 ports. These binaries are intended for anyone using a modern version of Windows. While you can download older Win32 binaries from CPAN, we recommend that you download ActivePerl from ActiveState.

ActivePerl includes:

Perl for Win32: A binary of the core Perl distribution.

PerlScript: ActiveX scripting engine, like JavaScript or VBScript with a Perl brain.

Perl Package Manager: Use the Perl Package Manager (PPM) to view and install the large collection of modules and extensions that are available in binary packages at the ActiveState Package Repository.

DOWNLOAD Win32 Binaries from ActiveState
Go to the ActivePerl page at Activestate.com: ActivePerl

If you have problems installing ActivePerl, please see the ActiveState site for support information.

Perl for the Macintosh
Mac OS X distributes a modern version of Perl, so you already have it. (If you want to upgrade, you can build the Unix source if you have the developer tools installed.)

For Macintosh Classic users, there are two ways to get Perl. MacPerl is the classic Perl port to Mac OS Systems 7 through 9. Lamp is a project to create a Unix-like environment on Mac OS before Mac OS X. It includes a port of Perl 5.6.1 and has frequent updates.

DOWNLOAD Macintosh Binaries from MacPerl
Go to the MacPerl page: MacPerl
Download Lamp (Lamp Ain't Mac POSIX): Lamp

Perl for Unix
Perl was originally envisioned and written for Unix. Perl will build on almost all Unix platforms and its variants, such as Linux. As far as which Unix variants Perl will compile on, Larry says "I'm not sure there are any unsupported versions of Unix, except on machines without adequate address space such as PDP-11 or i286, and perhaps some old versions of Unix that are no longer supported themselves."

DOWNLOAD Unix Binaries from CPAN
Go to the CPAN /ports list to locate a binary: List of Ports

Alien Ports
If you want to run Perl on a non-native system, then have a look at the /CPAN/ports/ directory. Note that the standard Perl distribution compiles even on most closed-source systems now, so the ports directory is of somewhat limited utility for them.

Getting Help
If you need help, here are some suggestions.

If you encounter problems configuring, compiling, or installing Perl from the source kits, please read the README in the source directory. Besides including important tips for various platforms, they also document where to send mail if you still have build difficulties.
If you have problems downloading via ftp, try our CPAN web mirror instead.
If you still can't get the download or the unpacking to work, contact your local systems administrator (not Perl.com staff) for help with your local system. Also, try to contact other Perl users in your organization or your community for help.
If you have issues with the ActiveState port, please contact them directly.
What Now?
After you have Perl configured and installed, what can you do with it? Perl.com has several articles for novices, including:

Beginner's Introduction to Perl (first of a series of six)
FMTYEWTK About Mass Edits In Perl
Perl Command-Line Options
Perl's Special Variables
Regexp Power
Power Regexps, Part II
Maintaining Regular Expressions
Perl Slurp-Eaze
Hidden Treasures of the Perl Core
Hidden Treasures of the Perl Core, part II
The Many Dates and Times of Perl
Database Programming with Perl
Making Sense of Subroutines
Perl Debugger Quick Reference
Ten Essential Development Practices
How to Avoid Writing Code
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Visual Studio .NET -- The Latest Microsoft .NET Component- Developer Zone - National Instruments

Related Links - Products and Services
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Microsoft's Latest Programming Language: Visual C#
32 ratings | 3.47 out of 5 | Print Document
Overview
Microsoft Visual C# .NET, a new programming language based on Microsoft .NET technology, claims faster and easier development that saves time and money. This article gives an introductory, practical look at programming in C#. To fully utilize the C# language capabilities for test and measurement, you need to have a good understanding of how this language interacts with the Microsoft .NET framework. With a thorough discussion of C# and the object-oriented approach, this article explores how Microsoft C# impacts Visual Studio programming and whether or not it's right for your test and measurement application development.



Table of Contents
The .NET Framework: Background Information
What is C#?
Object-Oriented Programming
Reliability and Optimization
Debugging and Data Types
Managed Code and Additional Features
Save Time Over Previous Visual Studio Versions
More Powerful and Safer Programming than Previous Visual Studio Versions
Potential Obstacles
Conclusion
The .NET Framework: Background Information

The .NET Framework, made up of the Common Language Runtime (CLR), the .NET Framework Class Library, .NET languages, and Visual Studio .NET, supports multiple languages, which allows for cross-platform applications. In order for this to work, a common element must exist through all .NET languages. The Common Language Specification (CLS) is an agreement that encompasses the rules, or specifications, of .NET languages. To be considered a .NET language, a language must comply with specifications set in the CLS agreement. Microsoft provides four CLS-compliant languages, including Visual Basic .NET, Visual C# .NET, Visual C++ with managed extensions, and Jscript. The goals of the CLR are:

Simplified application development
Multiple programming language support
Good performance and scalability
A safe and reliable execution environment
Simplified deployment

The CLR consists of an execution engine, a garbage collector, just-in-time (JIT) compiler, a security system, and the .NET Framework fundamentals.



All of the CLS-compliant -- or .NET -- languages, have managed code compilers that generate Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL). MSIL is machine-independent and can offer benefits including just-in-time compilation, metadata, and more. All .NET applications are constructed from Assemblies, a compiled (and versioned) collection of code and metadata that forms a functional unit. All Assemblies contain information stored in something called a Manifest, which contains the Assembly name, version, dependencies, associated files, and exported features for more informative versioning.

Another feature of Microsoft .NET technology that directly relates to C# is the .NET Framework Class Library. This library consists of more than 2,500 classes whose functionality you can access from all of the .NET languages. The library is made up of four main parts:

Base Class Library (networking, security, diagnostics, file I/O, and OS services)
Data and SML classes
Windows user interface
Web services and Web user interface

C# is a high-level language that hides much of the .NET framework details, while permitting access to system-level functions if the developer needs it. Because Microsoft created C# specifically for .NET, it inherently takes advantage of the .NET Framework features.
What is C#?


C# is an object-oriented language that enables programmers to develop applications with the power of C++ and the ease of Visual Basic. Microsoft built C# from the ground up with the .NET framework and Object Oriented Programming (OOP) in mind. However, C# expands OOP even beyond Visual C++ concepts. It is a strongly typed language in which everything is an object.

The core features of C# were derived from C-like languages. Therefore, if you have experience with C, C++, or Java, you will have a head start in C# development.
Object-Oriented Programming


C# extends the definition of a object-oriented language from the typical C++ definition. C# unifies the type system by defining every type in the language as an object. Whether using a struct, a class, or an array, the developer will use it as an object. Think of an object as a way to describe a relationship. For a real-world example, think of a ball. A ball has certain characteristics as well as behaviors. A ball has a color, shape, and size that can be thought of as characteristics or variables. A ball also has associated functions, or behaviors, such as bouncing and rolling. Similarly, in C# .NET, objects have characteristics and behaviors.

Classes, the foundation of OOP support in C#, also are important C# elements. Each C# program has at least one class. This class encapsulates data (or variables), and behaviors (or methods). Related classes are grouped into namespaces. This grouping enforces organization and clarity. Objects are combined into namespaces as well. For example, instead of listing include files at the beginning of all of your programs like so:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

you would include the namespace to access the classes and objects in the namespace.

using System;
(The System class includes output methods)
Reliability and Optimization


Many users are skeptical about the new .NET technology and want to know how .NET technology is improving Windows stability and Visual Studio reliability. In the past, it was quite difficult to manage a Windows PC because of the complexity of the applications. The introduction of shared DLLs and the ability to overwrite DLLs increased this difficulty. In addition, unclean uninstallations and associated, shared files caused headaches in the removal and inclusion of applications. Many of these activities caused an unstable PC and potentially resulted in a reinstall of the operating system.

Microsoft addressed many of these reliability and stability issues with .NET technology. Applications no longer rely on the registry information, removing registry-related headaches. In the .NET Framework, applications are self-describing and allow developers to run different versions of a DLL on the same machine, side by side. In addition, rather than the operating system, the CLR executes languages that produce managed code. Because of this, the CLR can perform many safety checks such as memory management, garbage collection, and type safety.

This layer adds a level to the programming platform, and this higher abstraction brings more safety and security. This results in more consistency because all languages use a similar class library which in turn enables multiple language interoperability.
Debugging and Data Types


While you can get around some of the new debugging features, you should build executables using a Debug configuration. You can either use Just-in-Time (JIT) Debugging or Standard Debugging. With JIT debugging, you can build and run without entering the debugger. If there is an exception, you can view where it occurs. However, at this point you cannot add break-points or step through the code. To typically debug, you can use standard debugging. This option allows breakpoints, variable watching, and single stepping.

C# is a strongly typed language, which improves reliability over other languages. With untyped programming languages, such as VBScript and other scripting languages, you do not declare data types for variables. With this syntax, you can check for runtime errors but will not find compile time errors. C# has addressed this lack of compile-time checking. The term "strongly typed" means that every variable in C# has an associated data type. This pertains to variables, globals, and constants. This strong type indicates an error if certain conversions are declared. For example, in C++ certain type conversions truncate the data without alerting the developer. C# takes the safe approach and alerts the developer when it makes assignments between two variables of different types.

In addition to explicit declarations, C# (as in Java) specifies the exact size of an integer type. This differs from C and C++. C and C++ do not specify the size of the integer as they conform to the size associated with a particular machine. This inconsistency can lead to unreliable behavior.
Managed Code and Additional Features


C# managed code improves reliability in the .NET Framework. Managed code is code that targets .NET technology and contains certain extra information, called metadata, to describe itself. Both managed and unmanaged code can run in the .NET runtime. However, only managed code makes it possible for the runtime to guarantee proper functionality, including safe execution and interoperability. With managed code, comes managed data. The CLR offers certain additional features to assist with cleaner programming, such as memory allocation and deallocation, as well as garbage collection. Some .NET languages, including Visual Basic .NET and JScript .NET, use managed data by default, while others, C++ for instance, do not. Note that the CLR safety checks and manages data to provide safer development and more meaningful debugging messages.

C# introduces new functionality in structures, arrays, and more. C# includes all of the usual structures: if, while, for, and do loops. However, C# also includes break, continue, and goto statements and introduces a foreach structure that Visual Basic programmers are used to seeing. This loop is used for iterating through collections and is convenient when iterating through arrays. C# views arrays as a special type of collection. The foreachstructure iterates through arrays with a very concise syntax, without subscripts. For example, to iterate through this array in C#, you may do the following:

,
int [] evens = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10};
foreach (int even in evens)
{
Console.Write (“{0} “, even);
}

C# also adds functionality to the Switch statement with improvements over C and C++ by adding debugging features to catch common C and C++ style switch statements. Many times, a developer forgets the break statement and the program flows into the next case. A C/C++ compiler does not throw a compiler error, where as the C# compiler will catch the mistake and does throw a compiler error. C# has additional features to catch common mistakes and save time in the long run.
Save Time Over Previous Visual Studio Versions


So, how do all of these new features, frameworks, and improvements apply to the test, measurement, and automation industry? A few of the Microsoft .NET Framework components, such as server technology, do not directly affect the typical test and measurement developer, while others, such as the Visual Studio .NET environment, may change the existing Microsoft Visual Studio developer’s programming style.

As many of the features below help the test and measurement developer, you should note that C#, as well as the other .NET languages, is a general-purpose programming language. For test and measurement specific applications, add-in components, such as NI Measurement Studio, are recommended for more efficient development.

Shorter DevelopmentTime
Microsoft not only designed C# to take advantage of the .NET Framework, but also to decrease development time. To achieve this goal, Microsoft modeled it after Visual Basic. C# and Visual Basic .NET contain almost 90 percent identical feature sets.

Simpler Deployment
One time-saving feature of C# is how applications are deployed using the language. The CLR causes applications to become an assembly rather than an executable (exe) or DLL. This assembly is self-describing and contains all the information, which is typically stored in the registry, in a single place to ensure that the code and its description information do not lose conformity. These assemblies use versioning so you can enhance your applications while maintaining older versions. Another benefit with versioning is that you can execute both versions simultaneously without interfering with one another.

Less Code Writing
In addition to the Visual Basic-like methodology, C# presents another time-saving feature. C# is an attribute-based programming language. First introduced in Microsoft Transaction Server, an attribute-based language implements complex tasks such as distributed transaction. The developer simply declares general requirements. The benefit is that these attributes implement the task for the developer -- attribute-based programming eases much of the complexity and actually creates code for the task. Without C#, the attributes are separate from the program source code. Thus, when the source code is modified, the attribute information may become out of sync with the code. With C#, and other .NET languages, attributes are part of the source code, eliminating incompatibility issues. In C#, when a developer compiles these attributes into intermediate language, the attributes become part of the metadata. The .NET Framework actually provides several attribute types, including the synchronization, serializable, and custom attributes for a flexible solution.

For building test and measurement applications, you can add NI Measurement Studio .NET-compatible components for integrating data acquisition, instruments, analysis and visualization more rapidly.
More Powerful and Safer Programming than Previous Visual Studio Versions


Multithreading
Because the .NET Framework provides extensive support for multiple thread programming, C# is a well-designed tool for these applications. You can program with multiple threads in many programming environments today, such as Visual C++, NI LabVIEW, NI LabWindows/CVI, and more. The idea of multithreading is the same in C# -- to allow multiple concurrent execution paths with multiple CPUs, to achieve parallel processing, and to gain greater efficiency on single processor machines. However, there are some drawbacks associated with multi-threading. For example, certain multiple threaded applications can result in more complex applications and race conditions. With C#, you use the system threading namespace for greater simplicity. The setup is organized in the thread class, which encapsulates a thread of extension. This organization helps with the complexity of the application as the information is contained in the core thread class. To address the race condition issue, you should serialize access to the shared data or synchronize with the C# join method. Again, these two options are available in the system-threading namespace.

Reuse Existing Applications -- Migrating from Microsoft Visual Studio 6.0
Visual Studio .NET provides an Upgrade Wizard to help you migrate your Visual Studio 6.0 applications to the new ADE. For example, when you first open a Visual Basic 6.0 project file (.vbp) in Visual Studio 7.0 (.NET), the Upgrade Wizard appears. Microsoft also provides a command-line tool for upgrading projects outside of the Visual Studio environment. The upgrading tools modify the code within your project to comply with Visual Basic .NET syntax and replace any forms and controls with Visual Basic .NET equivalents. Due to the differences between Visual Basic 6.0 and Visual Basic .NET, some things in your project may not map directly. In these cases, Microsoft provides an upgrade report to guide you through the modification of your application. For this reason, Microsoft offers white papers on how to prepare your legacy applications for upgrading. Keep in mind, upgrading to Visual Basic .NET may not benefit all Visual Basic 6.0 applications.


COM
It is possible for .NET components to interoperate with COM components. In other words, you can call a COM component from a .NET language and vice versa. To call a legacy COM component from a .NET language, you can use the Type Library Importer tool, which imports a type library for a COM component and generates a .NET proxy for calling that component. C# automatically calls this tool when you add a reference to a COM component. There are many similar benefits between COM and .NET technology, but many differences in the implementation of those technologies. For example, with COM, you must provide an elaborate infrastructure to implement the component. You must implement a class factory to create COM objects, implement the methods to dynamically check the interface, and manually implement the proper memory management. With C# the CLR automates these processes. You create the object with one command, check for an interface, and the garbage collector takes care of memory management for you, simplifying COM component creation.

Safer Programming
With safer programming and less run-time errors, you can save development time and decrease maintenance costs by shipping your application with fewer bugs. With the managed code in C#, the CLR can perform checks for type safety, memory overwrites, memory management and garbage collection. This results in a reduction of memory leaks and related issues. The CLR performing the memory management prevents your code from accessing memory directly, eliminating pointers, and greatly reducing crashes or other memory-overwrite behaviors. With the abstraction layer that the CLR adds, programming in C# is easier than programming at the lower level of the Win32 API or COM. The CLR also can enforce security, safeguarding against poor programming.

Type safety is another feature that promotes robust, safe programs. Microsoft incorporated several features to promote proper code execution in C#. For example, all dynamically allocated objects and arrays are initialized to zero. Although C# does not initialize local variables automatically, its compiler warns you. When you access an array, the software automatically checks the application's range. In contrast to C/C++, you can not overwrite unallocated memory in C# or create an invalid reference.

Potential Obstacles


There are a few features that may present some challenges for you if you are not properly prepared. Many of the features of C# will benefit your application develop only if you know how to use them properly. Other features, such as the conversion Wizard, work only in certain cases.
Unmanaged Code -- Overhead, Memory Management, Pointers
We have discussed the benefits and methodology to using managed code in C#. However, it is possible for a C# program to call unmanaged code, which can cause many of the issues C# and the .NET Framework were designed to fix. Any time you call legacy code without converting it to a managed environment, you are calling unmanaged code that runs directly on the operating system. If you transition from a managed to an unmanaged environment and back, there is associated overhead. However, if you don’t, you run the risk associated with calling unmanaged code. C# provides a utility to avoid overhead, which allows you to bypass the .NET memory management and receive memory directly. By doing this, you forfeit the benefits of using CLR’s memory management. To avoid this issue, you must port all of your applications to the .NET Framework, a potentially time consuming process that may or may not uphold your legacy application functionality.

Supporting Legacy Applications/COM
Earlier we discussed the Type Library Importer tool for calling COM components from C#. Because Microsoft now considers COM a legacy technology, it is not a native component in the .NET Framework. Thus, when calling COM components, Visual Studio simply creates a wrapper for the assembly. When using non-native components in any language, you see some performance declines. Calling legacy components in Visual Studio .NET is no different; occasionally, you run into performance penalties for COM interoperability. In addition, when COM objects use VARIANTs, they may translate the VARIANTs to a .NET object, making it is difficult identify which types are valid for specific properties and/or parameters.
Conclusion


If you are comfortable with the development environment that you currently use, I recommend continuing with that environment. However, if you are a Visual Basic 6.0 or Visual C++ 6.0 user, you soon will have to make a choice. I see C# as an attractive alternative to Visual C++, but only if you do not need to directly access the operating system memory or use unmanaged code. If you are a Visual Basic 6.0 developer, this may be an opportunity for you to explore your programming options. While C# was designed with the ease-of-use of Visual Basic in mind, the many syntactical changes may be challenging to learn. This may be a good time to evaluate a graphical development environment such as NI LabVIEW. However, if you’re ready to move forward to Microsoft’s latest version of Visual Studio, we suggest evaluating Visual Studio .NET and starting to develop some simple C# applications. You will find some challenges, but also some pleasant surprises.

For further investigation of Microsoft’s latest language, there are many resources available that you can find from Microsoft MSDN.
See Also:
Microsoft MSDN
NI LabVIEW
NI Measurement Studio


Related Links:
Know the Basics of Microsoft.NET
Visual Studio .NET -- The Latest Microsoft .NET Component

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for latest nigerian jams,just log on to www.duduradio.com

are u looking for a website that will give latest jams be christian,lyrics,old skool,reggae and what have u ,then u are at the right place;just log on to www.xsao.net i assure u that u will hav a pleasant day!!!

WHAT WE NIGERIANS JUST CARE ABOUT IS THAT"THERE IS FOOD ON THE TABLE"WE DONT CARE TO KNOW THE SANITARY PROCESS(ES) IT WENT THROUGH B4 IT WAS BROUGHT TO U.ALL U CARE IS THERE IS FOOD TO EAT.FOR EXAMPLE IF U ARE THE TYPE THAT BUY THINGS FROM HAWKERS, MAKE SURE U WASH B4 EATING IS VERY IMPORTANT,BECOS SO MANY HANDS MIGHT HAVE TOUCH IT B4 U BOUGHT IT. AND SOME OF THIS HANDS CARRY BACTERIAS AND GERMS!!!AND EVEN THOSE OF U THAT EAT IN RESTAURANT! HAVE U TAKE UR TIME TO GO TO WHERE THIS FOOD ARE BEING PREPARED! AND U WILL ALSO SEE THAT EVEN THE WATER THEY USE IN WASHIN THEIR PLATE WOULD HAVE BEEN USE AND THEY WILL STILL USE IT TO WASH ANOTHER PLATE.WHAT A DIRTY LIFE WE ARE LIVING! AND MOST OF THEM FEEL UNCONCERN TO MAKE SURE THAT THE FOOD HAVE THE RIGHT NUTRIENTS;ALL THEY CARE ABOUT IS QUANTITY NOT QUALITY,ONLY FEW ONES ARE CONCERNED. JUST GO AROUND RESTAURANT,AND U WILL FIND THAT MOST OF THEM WILL BE FOUND WANTIN AT THE END OF THE DAY!PLZ WHAT U HAVE EATEN CAN NOT BE VOMITTED!SO BE WATCHFUL OF WHAT U EAT!IF U MONITOR THE SANITARY PROCESSES OF UR FOOD ,I KNOW U WILL RARELY FALL SICK IN A YEAR.I ASSURE OF THAT!!!

WHAT WE NIGERIANS JUST CARE ABOUT IS THAT"THERE IS FOOD ON THE TABLE"WE DONT CARE TO KNOW THE SANITARY PROCESS(ES) IT WENT THROUGH B4 IT WAS BROUGHT TO U.ALL U CARE IS THERE IS FOOD TO EAT.FOR EXAMPLE IF U ARE THE TYPE THAT BUY THINGS FROM HAWKERS, MAKE SURE U WASH B4 EATING IS VERY IMPORTANT,BECOS SO MANY HANDS MIGHT HAVE TOUCH IT B4 U BOUGHT IT. AND SOME OF THIS HANDS CARRY BACTERIAS AND GERMS!!!AND EVEN THOSE OF U THAT EAT IN RESTAURANT! HAVE U TAKE UR TIME TO GO TO WHERE THIS FOOD ARE BEING PREPARED! AND U WILL ALSO SEE THAT EVEN THE WATER THEY USE IN WASHIN THEIR PLATE WOULD HAVE BEEN USE AND THEY WILL STILL USE IT TO WASH ANOTHER PLATE.WHAT A DIRTY LIFE WE ARE LIVING! AND MOST OF THEM FEEL UNCONCERN TO MAKE SURE THAT THE FOOD HAVE THE RIGHT NUTRIENTS;ALL THEY CARE ABOUT IS QUANTITY NOT QUALITY,ONLY FEW ONES ARE CONCERNED. JUST GO AROUND RESTAURANT,AND U WILL FIND THAT MOST OF THEM WILL BE FOUND WANTIN AT THE END OF THE DAY!PLZ WHAT U HAVE EATEN CAN NOT BE VOMITTED!SO BE WATCHFUL OF WHAT U EAT!

plz tyr as much as possible to but onsomething that will command respect!becos first apperance matters alot.and also make sure u put an outfit that suit where u are going to.

THE FIRST WORD IS "I AM SORRY".IT MEANS WHEN EVER U OFFEND UR PARTNER DONT HESITATE TO APOLOGISE .IT IS VERY IMPORTANT FOR THE SUSTANANCE OF A HOME.
THE SECOND ONE IS "THANK YOU".IT MEANS U SHOULD APPRECIATE WHAT EVER U HAVE AND TRY AND APPRECIATE THE GOOD THINGS U PARTNER IS DOING FOR U. THE THIRD ONE IS "UNDERSTANDING EACH OTHER".IT MEANS THAT U SHOULD TRY AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE TO TOLERATE EACH OTHER AND BE ABLE TO KNOW EACH OTHER WEAKNESSES AND TRY TO WORK ON IT.DONT DO TO UR PARTNER THE THINGS HE DISLIKE. I IF U CAN INCULCATE THIS TIPS I HAVE GIVEN, I ASSURE THAT THE SKY WILL BE UR STARTING POINT IN UR MARITAL LIFE!!!

"NO MONEY NO CONTINUAL MARRIAGE" IS NOW THE XPRESSION OF SOME LADIES WHO GO INTO MARRIAGE FOR THE LOVE OF MONEY NOT FOR REAL LOVE.EVEN IF THEY SAID ON THEIR WEDDING DAY "FOR RICHER FOR POORER" IT COME 4RM THEIR MOUTH NOT FROM THE BOTTOMEST PART OF THEIR HEART!SO MEN BE ON THE QUIVIVE OF ALL THIS "NO MONEY NO CONITINUAL MARRIAGE" GIRLS.MEN DONT FALL A VICTIM!!!.AND TO THE MEN WHO THINK U JUST GET INTO A MARRIAGE FOR THE PURPOSE OF WASTING A LADY'S FUTURE OR TO USE AND DUMP THEM! OR TO BEAR CHILDREN FOR U AND U RUN AWAY OR TO DECIEVE THEM WITH UR WEALTH,INFLUENCE?LADIES BE VERY WATCHFUL AS A SERPENT AND DONT FALL PREY!"BECOS A BROKEN ENGAGEMENT IS BETTER THAN A BROKEN MARRIAGE".BE VIGILANT!!!!!!IN ALL THE, U CAN BE GLUED TO UR RIGHT PARTNER IF U COME TO GOD AND HE WILL GIVE U THE ONE THAT IS BEST FOR U.

in nigeria moral decadence has swept off moral values.where u see a child[11 yrs] is beginning to be sexually promiscous!!!it's alarming!!!!plz nairalanders, plz through more light on this tru your replies.becos this situation is gettiong out of hand!!!pespondez plait!!!

chelsea is at the brink of losing the fa cup to man u .they are really frustrated compared to manu.u watch out after 90 mins of todays play and u will agree with me that they only going home with the carling cup for this season.up man u.up the red devils.keep on the devouring spirit.and man u dont fail to devour chelsea today!!!

IN ONE WAY OR THE OTHER WE HAVE "DECULTURED" OUR CULTURE.THAT IS U MIGHT HAVE TREATED UR CLUTURE WITH GREAT DISDAIN.LETS NOT DRAG OUR CULTURAL IMAGE IN NIGERIA TO THE MUD PLZ.IT IS HOW U TAKE CARE OF SOMETHING THAT OTHERS WILL TAKE IT TO BE.IF WE LOOK DOWN ON OUR CULTURE,OTHERS WHO SEEM TO HAVE INTEREST IN IT WILL EVEN TREAT IT WITH GREAT CVONTEMPT!!!.BUT I AM QUITE AWARE THAT THERE ARE SOME TRIBE THAT U CANT JOKE WITH WHEN IT HAS COME TO GIVE RESPECT TO HER CULTURE[NAME WITHELD], MAKE A RESEARCH ON THAT!IN ANUTSHELL WE SHOULD TRY AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE TO APPRECIATE OUR CULTURE WHEREVER U ARE OKAY.NAIRALANDERS.PLZ HELP THRU MORE LIGHTS ON THIS THRU UR REPLIES

, IN A COUNTRY WHERE MORAL DECADENCE HAS SWEPT MORAL VALUES,IN A COUNTRY WHERE MORAL UPBRINGING HAS BEEN SWEPT OFF BY WHAT WE CALLED "THE MODERN DAY CIVILIZATION",IN A COUNTRY WHERE ONE LOOK AT HIS ELDER FACE WHILE HE IS BEEN SCOLDED, A COUNTRY WHERE SO MANY THINGS WHICH OUGHT NOT TO BE HAPPENING ARE NOW SAID TO BE USUAL E.G INDISCRIMINATE SEX, INSEX,GAY MARRIAGE.IN A COUNTRY WHERE LOVE HAS BE TAKEN AS MONEY, PLZ NAIRALANDER RESPONDEZ PLAIT!!!

all i have to say in a nut shell is that u should respect ur culture wherever u are!!!at home and abroad!!!be proud to belong to that cultural background.dont treat it with disdain.its what our forefathers have been doing so u should be an xception.keep on the fightin spirit of defendin ur culture anything and anywhere!!!!!!!

plz can anyone give more info on animate music production. or better still can someone provide me with a list of multimedia studio well grounded in animated film production;cos i am abt to shoot my own movie.my first song will be an animated one.Nairalanders respondez plait!!!

BEING AN ALMOST PERFECT TYPIST WITH LITTLE MISTAKES CALLS FOR U TO BE PERSISTENT AND COURAGEOUS TO FORGE AHEAD AND BE ON THE ZENITH.IT TAKES TIME,EFFORT BUT I IN ALL IF U ARE COMMITTED THE SKY WILL BE UR STARTING POINT! ;BECOS I HAVE BENEFITTED SO MUCH 4RM IT AND I CAN TYPE FAST AS POSSIBLE WITH RARE MISTAKES.I AM A LIVING TESTIMONY.NO NEED OF GOING TO THE TYPING SCHOOL!IN A NUTSHELL,VISIT THIS WEBSITE:www.typingmaster.com AND I ASSURE U THAT U WILL BE ABLE TO TYPE AT THE FASTEST RATE WITH LITTLE OR NO MISTAKES!HAPPY EXPLORING!!!

BEING AN ALMOST PERFECT TYPIST WITH LITTLE MISTAKES CALLS FOR U TO BE PERSISTENT AND COURAGEOUS TO FORGE AHEAD AND BE ON THE ZENITH.IT TAKES TIME,EFFORT BUT I IN ALL IF U ARE COMMITTED THE SKY WILL BE UR STARTING POINT! ;BECOS I HAVE BENEFITTED SO MUCH 4RM IT AND I CAN TYPE FAST AS POSSIBLE WITH RARE MISTAKES.I AM A LIVING TESTIMONY.NO NEED OF GOING TO THE TYPING SCHOOL!IN A NUTSHELL,VISIT THIS WEBSITE:www.typingmaster.com AND I ASSURE U THAT U WILL BE ABLE TO TYPE AT THE FASTEST RATE WITH LITTLE OR NO MISTAKES!HAPPY EXPLORING!!!

BEING AN ALMOST PERFECT TYPIST WITH LITTLE MISTAKES CALLS FOR U TO BE PERSISTENT AND COURAGEOUS TO FORGE AHEAD AND BE ON THE ZENITH.IT TAKES ;BECOS I HAVE BENEFITTED SO MUCH 4RM IT AND I CAN TYPE FAST AS POSSIBLE WITH RARE MISTAKES.I AM A LIVING TESTIMONY.NO NEED OF GOING TO THE TYPING SCHOOL!IN A NUTSHELL,VISIT THIS WEBSITE:www.typingmaster.com AND I ASSURE U THAT U WILL BE ABLE TO TYPE AT THE FASTEST RATE WITH LITTLE OR NO MISTAKES!HAPPY EXPLORING!!!