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BBC - Capital - How does a football transfer work?

Each summer, hundreds of millions of dollars change hands as the world’s top football clubs vie for the best players for the coming seasons. But what actually is a transfer, and how does it work?

Why should I care?

There's crazy money in it. Brazilian superstar Neymar recently moved from Barcelona to Paris Saint-Germain for 222 million euros ($265 million). This is more than double the previous record of 105m euros ($125m), paid for French player Paul Pogba. And that was only set last year. There’s no cap on how much a team can spend on players. So where does it end?

What is it?

Football is a global marketplace and top players relocate constantly. David Beckham, for example, played for clubs in the UK, Spain, US, Italy and France over the course of his career. Professional players sign contracts with clubs for a fixed term of up to five years. If a player transfers before their contract expires, the new club pays compensation to the old one. This is known as a transfer fee.

When do transfers happen?

Twice a year. FIFA regulations set out two annual periods during which clubs can buy in foreign players, known as transfer windows. The longer transfer window falls between seasons and the shorter one falls mid-season, but the exact timing is set by individual countries' football associations. In many European countries the summer transfer window closes on August 31. In the US it closed on August 9.

Is that it?

No. The player, their agent, the club and all their lawyers must thrash out a new contract. This includes details of salaries and bonuses, such as signing-on and loyalty bonuses. Players also undergo medical examinations to check they are fit to play. If this reveals previously undetected injuries, it can affect the size of the transfer fee.

Who gets the money?

That 222m-euro sum doesn’t get paid to Neymar. PSG paid it to FC Barcelona to secure his services. Technically speaking, they paid the buyout clause in Neymar's old Barcelona contract, which was set at 222m euros. Neymar's father, agent and others will share a 38m euro ($45m) payment for facilitating the move, according to some reports.

PSG will then pay Neymar's wages – around 45m euros ($54m) a year before tax – and hope to make a profit off his name and image. Image rights can be a big sticking point when negotiating contracts. Clubs generally demand the exclusive right to control how images of the player appear in advertising and publicity. But players are reluctant to give up lucrative opportunities to earn ad revenue. So all parties must strike a deal – for example, the proceeds from using the player's image are to be split 50/50 between player and club.

With Neymar, it gets even more complex. Barcelona have said they intend to sue him for breach of contract, because he received money as part of a renewal bonus when he signed a new contract last year. The Spanish club is demanding 8.5m euros ($10.1m) in damages, plus the return of an undisclosed bonus and a further 10% of that amount in interest.

Where does the money come from?

There is serious cash in football. The 20 richest clubs globally – all European – earned 7.4 billion euros ($8.9 billion) in revenue in 2015/16, according to analysis by Deloitte. The top earning club was Manchester United, clocking up 689m euros. Commercial sources such as sponsorship and merchandise accounted for 43% of revenue – the biggest slice. So expect lots of PSG Neymar shirts. Selling broadcast rights accounted for 39%, but ticket sales for only around 18%. These figures exclude transfer fees, but clubs can also make money by selling players.

Hasn't there always been silly money in football?

Not as much as there is now. Before 1995, many European clubs had quotas on foreign players. The Bosman ruling of that year banned limits on players from within the EU, opening up a competitive international market. Transfer fees began to ramp up, as did the number of foreign players. By 2016, nearly 70% of English Premier League footballers were expats.

Today the top clubs keep getting wealthier. Burgeoning TV revenues are one reason why. In 2016, the 20 Premier League clubs signed a three-year, £10.4bn ($13.4bn) deal with broadcasters. This was the most lucrative television deal ever signed in professional football. In the UK, BT and Sky now pay the Premier League more than £10m ($12.9m) to screen each game.

This extra spending power is filtering through into higher transfer fees. Clubs spent more money than ever on international transfers last year. A record $4.79 billion was spent on 14,591 deals globally in 2016, according to FIFA – or around $328,000 per average deal.

You can see this demonstrated in the chart below, which shows the amount of transfers each year which are included in Goal.com’s list of most expensive transfers of all time. Nineteen of the top 100 happened this year – and more than half have occurred in the past four years.

Does any of this matter?

Some argue high transfer fees are bad for the game. FIFPro, the footballers' union, called the Neymar transfer ‘anti-competitive’. "Football is ever more the domain of a select group of rich, mostly European-based clubs," FIFPro general secretary Theo van Seggelen claimed in a recent statement. Escalating transfer fees have "helped to destroy competitive balance", he said, because only a few top clubs – such as Manchester United, Real Madrid or Bayern Munich – can afford to buy elite players. They then dominate the leagues, whereas poorer clubs don’t.

But FIFA data shows that high transfer fees are far from universal. In fact, only 14% of all worldwide transfers last year involved the payment of a fee. The rest were free transfers – where a player's contract expires and they move on.

Could another player break Neymar's record?

Lionel Messi has a 300m-euro ($358m) buyout clause in his contract with Barcelona. Neymar’s record doesn’t look safe for long.

BBC - Capital - How does a football transfer work?
http://www.bbc.com/capital/story/20170829-how-does-a-football-transfer-wor

C is everything

K.0

MI dn suffer

Funny

Nigeria cabinet meeting cancelled
Posted at 9:05

Reuters
Mr Buhari's health has caused much concern in NIgeria
Nigeria's weekly cabinet meeting - the first that President Muhammadu Buhari was due to attend since returning from a three months medical leave in the UK - has been cancelled, his special adviser Femi Adesina has said in a statement.

He did not give any reasons for the decision, but Mr Buhari, 74, has been working from home since he returned to Nigeria on Saturday.

Government spokesman Garba Shehu said his office required renovation because rats damaged the furniture and air conditioning in his absence.

Mr Adesina said Mr Buhari would receive a report from a panel which investigated allegations of corruption against two suspended oficials - National Intelligence Agency chief Ayo Oke and government secretary Babachir Lawal, Mr Adesina said.

The panel is headed by Vice-President Yemi Osinbajo, who was acting president president in Mr Buhari's absence.

Some Nigerians had called for him to resign during his prolonged absence, saying he was unfit to run the country.

He has never said what is wrong with him.
http://www.bbc.com/news/live/world-africa-40829083

After 7months?


Nawa oo

More than 80 sef

F

Define a broke guy

21 times?

NwaAmaikpe:


-Girls without home training leave your bed after sex without dressing it.
-Girls without home training will always remain their food no matter how hungry they are when you give them food.


-Boys without home training litter their condom wrapper on the floor of your house.
-Boys without home training use their saliva to seal the 'rizla'


Children without home training look into your plate as you are eating or even come close to you.


Wives without home training tell you everything about their husbands when you are on top of them.

Lol

See new hustle oo

Na to carry crocodile joystick enter Egypt oo

Going to church doesn't make you a Christian

Believing in God's word n doing his will is good enough for me


With the current trend of churches we have now I don't blame your in-law

RIP

Just 3billion

Ifebazz:
In your bid to comment first, you forgot your sense of grammar.

Oga english teacher Chill biko everything no be fight

No be today

FTC in a new week

Good things re coming

Just threat the woman dn call police.....forgetting she is the one who needs to be arrested

How much

Ok

uzoclinton:
Won't smash even if she's the last gal in the world

I salute your Lies

Ok

stephleena:
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Is that how pretty u re

SexyCeline:
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Nne am above average

You fine sha

IamKashyBaby:
Why u asked anyway? Do u have a pencil dicck?

*runs outta thread*

Am proud of my D