₦airaland Forum

Take a ride with me as you and I explore the 12 sure-fire principles to getting over a break up. Given my personal experience, these principles have actually worked for me. And it has as well worked for many others. I vehemently, believe it is going to work for you only if you follow the sure-fire principles.

My dear, I do know you have all it takes to make wonderful things happen in your life, do not allow your current predicament break you down. So, my sisters and brothers get your chairs and glasses of water and let us ride on as we take these principles one after the other;

1. Make a decision to set yourself free from the thorough and excruciating pain your ex had inflicted on you. I know it is not going to be a easy and smooth ride for you, given the fact that he or she meant the whole world to you. But you can decide to set yourself free or decide to remain in perpetual bondage.

2. Dedicate your heart to God; you know the saying that God is the author and finisher of everything that he has created. So my dear, pour out your mind to him and dedicate your heart as well as his love never cease.

3. Delete all the messages, pictures, or any materials that stimulate the memory of your ex-otherwise his memory will always put you in depression.
4. Accept the reality that this is a trying time for you and also accept that you cannot change what has happened but you can only change how you respond to the situation.

5. Be the master of your own emotion; a great man measured by the number of cars or houses he has, but his greatness lies in his ability to control his anger. Anger is a letter short of danger. So, be careful.

6. Always nurse in your mind that things will not always be the same at all time. My dear, you have to empty your mind that the man or woman you used to love before is now like a a person you don't even know from Adam. Be oblivious of his or her existence if need be.

7. Act like you don't care at all; it is said that, if you want to be something you have to act like that particular thing, you have played boy Friday, you have put in your effort but to no avail, so why the worry? It high time you behaved like you never care.

To complete the story follow this link: http://sagevibe.com.ng/2016/10/12-sure-ways-of-overcoming-break-up/

Courtesy of; www.sagevibe.com.ng

I am crying as I write this, for I know that you're late already.

I will never forget all that you had done. I will never forget your presence, your existence, or your memory. I will never forget all that you had taught me, both mathematical and otherwise. I will never forget you. I can now say, with all honesty, after I've poured my heart and soul out onto paper, that I love you. I love you, and I always will.

Dear Teacher,

You did so much. I don’t mean that as a meaningless platitude. I mean that as someone who knows. Someone who has and is living the life of a teacher. You did so very much!

It is almost inconceivable how much that you did for your students, your students’ families, your coworkers, your administration, your family, your friends, and…sometimes, every once in a while, on the rare occasion…for yourself…though, that is seriously not as often as it should be. You lived for others. And you did it because you have a heart for others, especially your students.

And there is not much that you get in return; at least not tangible things. This is something you are okay with. You were because you were doing what you do for something bigger. You were working for the lives and future of your students…which is what mattered most to you.

In all honesty, you do deserve more money for all that you did. You deserve more respect from others. You deserve more recognition for the extra miles that you had gone. You deserve more freedom and autonomy within the system because you do know what you are doing most of the time. With that, you deserve the trust that you could make good decisions for the sake of your students. And the list could go on and on.

To complete the story follow this link; http://sagevibe.com.ng/2016/10/tribute-to-a-great-teacher/

Courtesy of ;www.sagevibe.com.ng

"Teacher, You Touched My Life"

It is because of you that I will, one day, be able to go on and become one amazing teacher. I thank you for that.

The impact that you have had on me is inexplicable. You have affected and changed me in so many ways that it's hard to single a few out. Under your teaching, and your influence, I have become a kinder, nicer, and more caring person. I find that I am so much more thoughtful towards others and much less likely to judge.

You have changed the way that I think about mathematics. Sadly, I used to despise math, and it used to be my weakest subject. I just couldn't figure out how all those numbers really would take a role in my life, and after all they weren't anything important to me personally.

Where would numbers get me? I now look forward to math class with great anticipation, and ever so infrequently do I get a problem incorrect. Through you I was able to acquire a love for math that I'm confident will continue to grow as I get older.

You have also changed the way that I think about myself. Through you I was able to obtain a higher self esteem and a higher opinion of myself. I am able to look into the mirror and for one of the first times ever, be proud of the person that I am. You believed in me, and that's all that I really needed. You took the time to care, and not only that, but you made sure that I knew you cared. That has made the difference.

You have changed the way that I think about teachers. Before you, I always respected my teachers, but I was never really aware of the amount of work a teacher puts into their job.

I never realized how much certain teachers cared, nor did I ever take the time to thank them. I never really thought into the fact that a teacher was a person with a personality, and you could like the person that a teacher was and befriend them for it.

I wish that I could have seen this before, for I had so many great teachers before you, but I am glad that I was able to realize it for at least. It would have been a shame if I never would have seen it, for I truly would have missed out on some great friendships with some amazing people.

I wanted you to realize though, that without you, I never would have seen any of this. Without you, I would not be the person that I am today.

I also wanted to tell you, even though it is incredibly hard to write this, that you have done even more, I began to fall into a deep depression. I began to feel as if nobody cared, as if I wasn't even wanted in this world. I felt as if I wasn't worth anything to anybody; that nobody would even notice if I was no longer here. During those times, what kept me going was the thought of Late Mrs Aramide May your soul continue to RIP.

To complete the story follow this link : http://sagevibe.com.ng/2016/10/teacher-you-touched-my-life/


Courtesy of: www.sagevibe.com.ng

Manchester united is unarguably one of the top clubs around the globe with very impressive annual financial statement. For years, the theatre of dream club has been in stiff competition with other European elite club such as; Bayern Munich, Real Madrid and Barcelona football clubs in terms of glory and healthy financial condition.

Since the takeover of the Manchester-based football club by a very affluent American family (The Glazers; Joel and Avram Glazer) in 2005, the Red Devils club’s financial/revenue base has geometrically improved. In 2005, the club declared a sum of £49 million as net profit, but the story astronomically changed in 2015 as the club declared a colossal sum of £196.9 million in commercial revenue which represents a geometric rise of 401%. In the same vein, Manchester United’s Match-day revenue has risen by 31% and its broadcast income risen by 123%. In anticipation, the rich club is yet, closed to announcing annual revenue in the total of £500 million next month.
The Red Devil can boast of some major sponsorship deals; the biggest contracts in shirt sponsorship and kit manufacturing; several global deals with companies such as EA sports and others; and other regional deals that cut across different merchandise products.

With all these, it is crystal clear that Manchester United has array of channels of generating revenue which placed it in the echelon of great clubs in Europe and the world over-when it comes to releasing huge financial statement and paying crazy transfer fees.

Pardon me for the unsolicited preamble, Manchester United’s financial profile is just too great to be overlooked. Let us delve into the main crux now. In recent times, the Red Devils’ expensive transfer business have been receiving a lot of praise and applause from its fans, and a lot of chants and rants from some quarters tagging the club’s expensive spending an act of and financial excessiveness. Speaking about the club’s latest British record signing (Paul Pogba) the Manchester United legend, Paul Scholes opined that;
‘‘I don’t think he (Pogba) is worth the £86 million. For that sort of money, you want someone who is to score 50 goals a season like Ronaldo or Messi. Pogba is nowhere worth that kind of money’’
Arsene Wenger, when asked about the British transfer record deal said;

‘‘it is a complete madness when measured against real life, but we live in which everything that happens is geared towards moving money around.’’

‘‘It is s complete-it seems that if you can afford to do it, you can justify it. Football has become a global competition and that is why clubs are chucking these kind of money around.’’
‘‘Does it make sense because the player can deliver a return on that investment? I don’t think anyone can make that call.’

Following the criticism of stupendous amount United forked out for Pogba’s deal, let us have a highlight of the club’s major expensive signings and how they (had) justif(y)ied their transfer fees over the years.


Juan Sebastian Veron

Transfer fee: £28.1m
Club: SS Lazio
Date: July 1st 2001.

Just a few days after Sir Alex Ferguson set another British record by acquiring the service of Argentine midfield maestro, Veron for a humongous of £28.1m which is £13m higher than what was paid for Alan Shearer (£15M) which was the highest British record then. Veron failed to justify his heavy transfer fee. After two seasons he was offloaded to Chelsea.

Dimitar Berbatov

Transfer fee: £30.7m
Club: Tottenham Hotspur
Date: September 2008

Dimitar Berbatov was exceptionally a stylist footballer for Tottenham FC, skilful, creative with absolute sense of good ball control and goal exploit. Frankly, he was not a kind of striker that would yield 30 goals in a single season but a classic player that would complement the team. But his career at Old Trafford witnessed its lowest ebb as he failed to be impressive. Between 2008 and 2012 Berbatov scored a total goals of 48 in 108 appearance which was too poor for a player signed with big cheque. In 2012, he was shown the exit door to Fulham FC.

To complete this story follow this link; http://sagevibe.com.ng/2016/10/pogbas-deal-and-other-stories/

Courtesy of; www.sagevibe.com.ng

A clause is a group of words that contain a subject and a verb. A clause can be a main clause or a subordinate clause. The main clause can give a complete meaning while the subordinate clause is incomplete, e.g. " When opportunity comes, we shall say it".
Remark: " when opportunity come" is incomplete; it is the subordinate clause; " we shall say it" is the main clause which gives us a complete meaning.
NB. The two contain the subject and the verb, e.g. " the opportunity" (subject) and 'comes' (verb) of the subordinate clause.

SUBORDINATE NOUN CLAUSE
Here are some examples:
1. I have almost forgotten the idea you mentioned.
(i) subordinate noun clause.
(ii) object of the verb 'forgotten'.
Remark: (I) The 'you' (subject) and 'mentioned' (verb) present in it show it is a clause, and not a phrase.
(ii) If you apply the question 'what' it will be proper.
2. That he can pass marvels everybody that hears it.
(i) subordinate noun clause
(ii) subject of the verb 'marvel'.

3. Yesterday, we were informed about what should be done.
(i) subordinate noun clause
(ii) object of the verb "were informed".
4. The boys are those who choose him
(i) subordinate noun clause.

To complete the lesson visit: http://sagevibe.com.ng/2016/10/clause/

"Negative mindsets can really destroy a person."

Let’s admit it: no one likes to be sad. Preferably, I would assume that we would all like to be happy. Sometimes, my insight on life comes from the strangest of places and although the lesson was something not new to me, I needed it to be explained in a more child-like manner to get to this point.

Okay, I’ll be honest. I needed it in a cartoon — because all of life’s best lessons come from something animated with voice overs, right?

If you check every animated film ever made, you will always find some hint of turmoil: someone dies, there’s an emotional struggle of some kind, or maybe even a sense of being lost. It happens in all of them.

Being sad doesn’t just happen in cartoons; it happens in real life. People I know have experienced medical issues so scary that it is literally a parent’s worst nightmare. The battles fought and the dealing with the uncertainty of what happens next can tear at someone — even if they hide it well.

The feeling of helplessness is downright unbearable. Although I have never personally experienced something as the extreme, having your child’s health be “hit or miss” will make you pay attention —that’s for sure. Been there; done that.

Friends have endured years of suffering due to addictions and/or one’s inability to handle life in the most normal of ways.

Whether that battle was fought in the public eye or more privately, the sadness from those experiences now is imprinted on our memories, and we must fight to let go of them in order to find happiness once again.

Some of these moments come closer to the surface as we near dates that are understandably significant — whether it be an anniversary, birthday, etc. And when those moments come, we will undoubtedly feel that pain once again of not having that person here with us. But a date isn’t the only trigger for our sadness.

Sometimes, it can be just hearing that person’s name. Or hearing a song on the radio. Or even just a simple word can do the trick and send you reeling back into a moment of sadness. It happens to all of us.

Even at funerals, we realize that the person we love is no longer there. But sometimes, the best stories are shared at funerals because we learn more about the person, and laugh right along with the shedding of our tears. Or perhaps when we send a son or daughter off to college. We knew this day would come, yet once it is directly in front of us, we are forced to feel the loss of having our child home for dinner, as we rush off to attend their activities, and keep a steady watch until late hours in the night. Been there; done that too.

To continue visit: http://sagevibe.com.ng/2016/10/negative-mindset-destroys/ ‎Edit

There seems to be a general consensus these days that we live in a world where consumption is at an all time high. More seems to be better and somehow reflects our place in society.

Success is measured by more money, a big house full of countless gadgets, cars, phones, and even by how many friends we have.

So what happened? Is the world more happy now than it was when we led more simple lives? Has the introduction of consumerism really increased our mental well-being?

The answer is NO. Everyone knows the benefits of having a good clear out – throwing out unnecessary and unwanted items can not only free up literal space around us but also frees us of much-needed space in our minds.

Living a more simplified life can improve how we think, feel and move around in the world.

As humans, we spend a lot of our time caught up in negative thoughts that brings nothing good into our lives. While we should deal with negative emotions and not shy away from them, negative thoughts are much more dangerous as they can grow rapidly and cause unhappiness and do nothing to improve our quality of life.

Negative thoughts such as bitterness, resentment, jealousy and hate do absolutely nothing for us except ultimately make us miserable.

We have great control of our thoughts so choose to cut down the amount of negative thoughts and feelings you have. Learn to forgive and choose to think and see the positives in life.

We spend so much time either staring at a computer screen or the TV. With binge-watching shows the latest addiction, we can often end up spending hours of our day with square eyes especially if, like most people, we use a computer for work as well.

While TV, watching endless YouTube videos or playing computer games can be a nice form of escapism, too much can have a negative impact on your outlook and attitude. You don’t realise the amount of time you’re robbing yourself of that could be spent doing more beneficial and productive activities.

This isn’t to say stop talking! However, note the types of words you utter. Are they positive? Honest? Meaningful? Or are they purely coming out of your mouth in the form of gossip, hate or jealousy?

Take note of what you say – we’re not perfect and most of us have a tendency to indulge in words we know we shouldn’t use.

Eliminate the empty words that bring no real meaning to what you think or want to say. Quality is always better than quantity.

Social media is so present in our lives that there’s rarely anyone who doesn’t have a Facebook, Instagram or Twitter profile. But despite there being positive aspects to social media, being constantly bombarded with ‘friend’s’ lives can take its toll on us.

Sometimes when life isn’t quite going our way we compare ourselves to others but we often forget that we’re basically looking at people’s highlight reels. We never really get to see the full picture and this can cause us to feel dissatisfaction and unhappiness.

Simplify your life by cutting down on social media – not only for your own sanity but to stop the endless checking every five minutes.

Getting those notifications may make us feel important but it’s fleeting and empty importance that doesn’t actually add anything to our lives. You can gain a whole lot more time by having a break once in a while.

The amount of material possessions we own can have a detrimental effect on our lives. They distract you from the people in your lives and allows you to ignore the world around you and even your values.

Being surrounded by stuff and having the need for the latest gadgets can often be a sign that we are focusing our happiness in the wrong way. In reality, they take away our energy and attention (and not to mention our money) that could be directed in more beneficial ways.

Having less things creates more appreciation for the things we do have and cultivates a happier mindset.

Money creates so many problems for a lot of us. Our relationship with money defines how we end up in debt, rich or poor and many of us don’t have a healthy relationship with it.

If you’re in debt, start to make steps to get yourself out of it. Set up a monthly payment plan no matter how little it is. Any actions towards reducing debt, despite how small, will bring a sense of financial freedom for the next day, month or year.

It’s really important to be aware of what we put into our bodies. Make a conscious effort to eliminate constant bad foods from your diet.

Foods high in refined sugar, salt, trans fats, artificial flavourings, and refined grains can be toxic for us if we eat them on a regular basis.

Leading a healthy life can rapidly bring down the amount of illnesses we encounter especially as we enter old age. Cutting down on bad foods will not only help you feel much better and give you more energy but it will also simplify your life in the long run.

In the effort to make ourselves better people and improve ourselves we often set goals – which is great – but having too many goals can prevent us from achieving them because our focus is spread too thinly.

By only having one or two important goals, your focus can be more concentrated and your success rate higher. Once you’ve accomplished your goal then start the next one – this will stop any stress and give you a sense of order and a greater sense of accomplishment once it’s done because you know you put 100% attention and effort into it.

Like setting too many goals, multitasking in everyday life can cause unwanted stress and anxiety. Don’t take on too much and feel that being busy means you’re leading a full life.

By being busy and taking on too much, we rob ourselves of our present moment and it’s really important to be aware of our present moment to be happy.

Multitasking can also lead to burn-out if we’re running around trying to do too many things at once. Simplify your life by completing one thing at a time and maybe actually sit and relax in the moments in between. This way of doing things will do wonders for your physical and mental well-being.

We often hold on to the concept of time – time is running out, the hours and days seem to pass far too quickly. We live our lives around time commitments and everything needs to be done by this or that time.

Try to let go of the need to complete tasks, activities or goals in a specific time limit. Not only does this free your mind from the pressure but allows you to do things at your own pace – a pace that’ll make you feel more happy.

Remember, findings small ways to simplify your life can make a huge difference to your mindset and outlook on life.

Simplification means freeing up more time to appreciate and live in the present moment that will lead to a more free and happy mind.

Mallam Ibrahim Kamal-deen Al-Mufti writes from Ilorin.

Courtesy of: www.sagevibe.com.ng

It’s natural to want to be loved by someone else, and to share your love with others. However, so many people are so eager to please those around them and to remain in a relationship at all costs that they lose sight of themselves and can barely muster up the energy required grant themselves approval, let alone love.

This is a tragedy as you must love yourself before loving another. Remember, no healthy person wants a co-dependent partner who relies on them for self-validation.

Everyone, whether single or not, should aim to be comfortable with themselves and learn how to practice self-love.

“Love yourself first and everything else falls into line. You really have to love yourself to get anything done in this world.”

Depending on other people for approval is a risky strategy. Sure, when others gift us with love and approval it can seem easy to power through all of life’s challenges.

However, if and when this approval is withdrawn (as it may be for many reasons), your self-esteem and drive will evaporate unless you can fall back upon self-love.

Set your own goals and prove to yourself that you can meet them without approval or input from outside sources.

“Self-care is never a selfish act—it is simply good stewardship of the only gift I have, the gift I was put on earth to offer to others.”

If you lead a busy life, putting everyone else’s needs before your own can become a regular habit. However, if you don’t tend to your basic needs (relaxation, exercise, time alone, a good diet, time for fun), you will end up resenting others around you.

This robs you of the opportunity to not only love yourself, but to form healthy relationships with others. Work out what you need to be happy, and concentrate on meeting them on your own terms.

“A man cannot be comfortable without his own approval.”

Even if you are in a relationship, without self-love you will struggle to appreciate compliments and praise give to you by your partner.

This is because those who do not love themselves typically have a poor self-image, and so will not believe that others could think well of them.

Being single is a great time in which to develop feelings of true self-love. If and when someone comes along with whom you can share your life, their approval will simply be an additional source of happiness.

“Too many people overvalue what they are not and undervalue what they are.”

When was the last time you sat down and took an honest look at your best points and finest qualities? If you over-value what other people have, you risk losing sight of your own qualities and as a result, not living up to your full potential. Remind yourself on a regular basis what it is you are good at.

To complete the story visit: http://sagevibe.com.ng/2016/10/why-you-must-love-yourself/

Love and respect in individual's relationship is something so fundamentally important to us that we have so many issues and misunderstanding in the area of finding full satisfaction in it. We always want to feel needed, respected and get the best of satisfaction from our relationships. However, most times you keep on asking yourself "Why is my own relationship so bad?" "Why does he treat me like a piece of trash?" I have given him my all, yet I can't find the satisfaction I have always needed from him?" If you fall into this situation, I know, you must be frustrated. But don't worry, sit, relax and let us talk.

Based on my experience and research, it is established that the way you behave in your relationship determines the level of respect your partner accords you. And this brings us to the issue of behavior. Permit me to ask, how do you behave in your relationship? Does your life revolve around your relationship? Do you motivate your man or you hinder him from achieving his pre-determined goals through your actions and reactions? Do you take any kind of treatment from him? Have you stooped so low that you allow yourself to be ill-treated all in the name of love and commitment? In furtherance of your avowed commitment to your relationship you hear yourself saying, " I have aspirations and goals in life, but in a bid to keep him happy, I set aside my aspirations and goals and I grace him with all my attention. And time without him I am nothing…….." my dear, with this belief, you're living in an imaginary and illusionary world-believe you me if you dedicate your entire lifetime to him, you can never satisfy him.

All this and many more of the hindrances to the full satisfaction you can get. But don't worry for every problem, there is along a solution or road map that will guide you into achieving the love life that you have always craved for.

If you want to be adored, cherished, loved and respected, then let us talk about the right principles that you could exhibit in your relationship to earn yourself the much deserved love and respect;

1. Love yourself; to truly have a loving and supportive relationship you need to learn how to be your own best friend first-love yourself first, you cannot force others to love you until you first come to the realization that showering yourself with affection is most important.

There is something so freeing and fulfilling about loving yourself and not relying on anyone's love to make you happy; you have already got all the love you need in yourself. Any external love from your partner is mere icing on the cake of your heart.

2. Know what you want; before saying "YES" to his woo or proposal, examine and judge whether you're pleased with the character, behavior and qualities deposited in him. And then it is pretty necessary to ask yourself the question as whether you can or cannot condone his behavior and character. With this assessment, you already know if the two of you are morally and behaviorally compatible as this character assessment might be too late after saying "YES I DO".

Once you discover that the man ticks all the boxes in terms of character, behavior, my dear sister you're good to go. And you will enjoy a hitch-free relationship with him because you know what you want and you have got it.

3. Have a standard and set boundaries; no man will ever respect a woman without class and standard. Set for yourself a high standard and maintain it. For example; your circle of friends will determine your social class and standard- a well-educated woman is not expected to be in the association of market women.

To complete the story visit: http://sagevibe.com.ng/2016/10/8-points-to-earn…our-relationship/


Courtesy of; www.sagevibe.com.ng

Nigeria is a heterogeneous society with over 250 million ethnic groups and languages but notable among these many entities are; Hausa-Fulani in the Northern axis of the country; second is the Yoruba nation in the Western part of the country; and the enterprising Igbo in the Eastern axis of the country.

Apart from these three major ethnic groups in Nigeria, it will be absurd no too bring to fore, other wonderful tribes. On the front burner is, one of the principal ethic groups in Nasarawa State namely; Alago.

The people of Alago tribe at present, are occupying 3 Local Government Areas in Nasarawa- Obi, Keana, Doma, including Assakio (a community within Lafia Local Government).

Before the creation of the state by the then Military President, General Ibrahim Badamosi Babangida in 1996, the people of Alago were subordinately and geographically part of Plateau State.

Tracing the path of history, it is established that the Alago nation originally migrated from the defunct Jukun Kingdom (in present day Taraba State) dated back to 800 AD as they finally found their homes in Keana; Doma; Obi; and Assakio respectively.

No historical account on the people of Alago tribe will be complete without an apt reference to Akyana Adi- a titanic ancestor and leader of the Alago nation who remains their pathfinder from Jukun Kingdom to their present destinations.

Topographic Features:
Keana, Doma, Obi and Assakio (ancestral homes of the Alago folks) are characterized with both flat and rocky terrains. They are blessed with attractive and scintillating scenery. And their ever-flowing rivers are; Akyana Bgobgo; Akyana Poole and One.

Land Mass and Population:
The Alago nation rests on expense of land estimated at about 3,762.1km² and a total population of about 219.607 at the 2006 census. Alago as a language has about 219.607 native speakers.

Religion:
The dominant religions practised by vast majority are: Islam and Christianity with an extremely population of traditional believers.

Indigenous Economic Activities:
The land is graced with industrious and hardworking men and women. But there is one phenomenal belief that farming is a reserve for men and salt business (both extraction and refining) is predominantly women's economic venture.

Marriage:
Inter-tribal marriage is highly encouraged among the people of Alago. This is evident in the agelong peaceful co-habitation with neighbouring tribes such as; Gwandara; Eggon; Koro; Tiv and many others.

Food:
Their several palatable local delicacies made the tribe stand exceptional in the league of other tribes in the country. And one of these delicacies is, Madidi (or alternatively called Agidi)- it is porridge made with flour from corn. Madidi can be served with either Moi-moi, beans or vegetable soup.

Notable Personas:
To many people, the tribe might sound so strange and perhaps, unfamiliar. But it is pretty interesting to learn that Alago as a tribe has produced (still producing) many notable and illustrious intelligentsia who have served (and still serving) the country in different capacities, popular among them are;

1. Alhaji Ahamadu Oga Onawo (Andoma of Doma).

2. Alhaji Abdulahi Osana Hayattudeen (Emir of Keana).

3. Mike Omeri (A former Director General, National Orientation Agency).

4. Musa Elaborate (A Former Minister of State For Justice Under Olusegun Obasanjo)

5. Alhaji Aliyu Akwe Doma (A former governor of Nasarawa State).

6. Yahya Adam Major (Former Majority Leader in the State House of Assembly) .

7. Hamza Elayo (Secretary to the State Government in Tanko Al-Makura's first tenure.

8. Senator Suleiman Adobe (A Serving Senator)


There are thousands of personalities of Alago extraction, but just to mention a few.

Please note that; this epochal piece is subject to correction as it might not carry the ins and outs of the Alago nation. In light of this, the piece is predicted on materials available us in the course of our research. We therefore, plead that our shortcomings be waived. Thanks and happy reading.


Researcher: Ibrahim Mohammed FG.
Source: Mallam Abubakar Eselema.

Source: www.sagevibe.com.ng

Nigeria is a heterogeneous society with over 250 million ethnic groups and languages but notable among these many entities are; Hausa-Fulani in the Northern axis of the country; second is the Yoruba nation in the Western part of the country; and the enterprising Igbo in the Eastern axis of the country.

Apart from these three major ethnic groups in Nigeria, it will be absurd no too bring to fore, other wonderful tribes. On the front burner is, one of the principal ethic groups in Nasarawa State namely; Alago.

The people of Alago tribe at present, are occupying 3 Local Government Areas in Nasarawa- Obi, Keana, Doma, including Assakio (a community within Lafia Local Government).

Before the creation of the state by the then Military President, General Ibrahim Badamosi Babangida in 1996, the people of Alago were subordinately and geographically part of Plateau State.

Tracing the path of history, it is established that the Alago nation originally migrated from the defunct Jukun Kingdom (in present day Taraba State) dated back to 800 AD as they finally found their homes in Keana; Doma; Obi; and Assakio respectively.

No historical account on the people of Alago tribe will be complete without an apt reference to Akyana Adi- a titanic ancestor and leader of the Alago nation who remains their pathfinder from Jukun Kingdom to their present destinations.

Topographic Features:
Keana, Doma, Obi and Assakio (ancestral homes of the Alago folks) are characterized with both flat and rocky terrains. They are blessed with attractive and scintillating scenery. And their ever-flowing rivers are; Akyana Bgobgo; Akyana Poole and One.

Land Mass and Population:
The Alago nation rests on expense of land estimated at about 3,762.1km² and a total population of about 219.607 at the 2006 census. Alago as a language has about 219.607 native speakers.

Religion:
The dominant religions practised by vast majority are: Islam and Christianity with an extremely population of traditional believers.

Indigenous Economic Activities:
The land is graced with industrious and hardworking men and women. But there is one phenomenal belief that farming is a reserve for men and salt business (both extraction and refining) is predominantly women's economic venture.

Marriage:
Inter-tribal marriage is highly encouraged among the people of Alago. This is evident in the agelong peaceful co-habitation with neighbouring tribes such as; Gwandara; Eggon; Koro; Tiv and many others.

Food:
Their several palatable local delicacies made the tribe stand exceptional in the league of other tribes in the country. And one of these delicacies is, Madidi (or alternatively called Agidi)- it is porridge made with flour from corn. Madidi can be served with either Moi-moi, beans or vegetable soup.

Notable Personas:
To many people, the tribe might sound so strange and perhaps, unfamiliar. But it is pretty interesting to learn that Alago as a tribe has produced (still producing) many notable and illustrious intelligentsia who have served (and still serving) the country in different capacities, popular among them are;

1. Alhaji Ahamadu Oga Onawo (Andoma of Doma)

2. Alhaji Abdulahi Osana Hayattudeen (Emir of Keana)

3. Mike Omeri (A former Director General, National Orientation Agency)

4. Musa Elaborate (A Former Minister of State For Justice Under Olusegun Obasanjo)

5. Alhaji Aliyu Akwe Doma (A former governor of Nasarawa State)

6. Yahya Adam Major (Former Majority Leader in the State House of Assembly)

7. Hamza Elayo (Secretary to the State Government in Tanko Al-Makura's first tenure
8. Senator Suleiman Adobe (A Serving Senator)

There are thousands of personalities of Alago extraction, but just to mention a few.

Please note that; this epochal piece is subject to correction as it might not carry the ins and outs of the Alago nation. In light of this, the piece is predicted on materials available us in the course of our research. We therefore, plead that our shortcomings be waived. Thanks and happy reading.


Researcher: Ibrahim Mohammed FG.
Source: Mallam Abubakar Eselema.

Life isn’t easy. Sometimes scars run deep. People we love die. Family, friends and coworkers say and do cruel things. Not everything we want to happen in life, does and often things we don’t want to happen, do. We all have our share of heartache; things that make us question who we are and what we want from life. Things that leave us stuck.

Yet some individuals muster the strength to push through. They’re able to rise above life’s challenges rather than sink. How?

The answer is RESILIENCE. These individuals have the ability to bounce back from setbacks to live happier, purpose filled lives. It’s something we all aspire to and often all we need is the right mindset.

Develop a more positive attitude, This doesn’t mean ignoring the pain or denying the problem, it means choosing to be optimistic, choosing to look for the good in each and every situation. This is hard in the moment. We all need a good cry and plenty of time to grieve life’s disappointments, but don’t dwell there forever. Choose to see setbacks as isolated incidents. Choose to not beat yourself up—the world is not out to get us even though it often feels that way.

Instead, think three positives for every negative. Choose to be with positive people who encourage and inspire you, who appreciate and understand the depths of your soul.
Embrace change, Don’t be afraid to mix things up: get a new haircut, redecorate a room in the house, try a new hobby, travel, learn a new language, visit a different museum or restaurant, switch out the same ‘ole Starbucks drink for a new one. The point is, live. Try new things. Allow yourself to be open and willing to new people, new ideas, and new adventures. The less resistant we are to change, the easier it becomes when something unexpected shatters our lives—and it will. Life is full of change. Expect it. Welcome it. Don’t let a fear of change numb all the good life has to offer.
Face problems head on. Denial leads to hopelessness whereas problem solving leads to solutions and helps us feel a sense of control. Take time to reflect and then brainstorm a list of solutions. Be creative. Find more than one. Ask others for help, preferably people who have been in the same situation or who know you well. Allow yourself to be practical and impractical before narrowing solutions down. Then Act.

Remember: it’s your choice to stay in a miserable situation. Don’t just pretend the problem isn’t there. Do something.
And for problems that don’t seem to have a solution. Reflect. Pray. Meditate. There are some problems we cannot fix. Some things we cannot change. Some wounds that will not heal. Sometimes, all we need is time. And an ability to press on in spite of it all.

Forgive yourself, Shame kills joy. We all make mistakes. Rather than destroying your future with your past, give yourself grace. Who you were. What you’ve done. It’s history. Don’t let it rob you of your life. Don’t give it power. Ask for forgiveness and let it go. You deserve grace and compassion. Believe that. Believe you are worthy. Beating yourself up year after year doesn’t change the past nor does it heal you. Learn from your mistakes. Encourage others. Only then can you truly be free.

Pursue your dreams, Learn what excites you, what motivates you, and go after it. Set short and long term goals. Make a plan. Put it on the calendar. Stay focused. Following our dreams builds confidence and provides a sense of purpose. If you’re unsure what enlivens you, see a career counselor. Determine your interests and skills. What makes you smile? What makes you feel alive? Don’t sit around waiting for your dreams to find you. Work toward them. Take action. A step forward is always closer to your dreams than no step. And when roadblocks slow you down, which they will—fight. Work hard and don’t give up. Nothing worth having ever comes easy.

Seek support from someone you trust, Sometimes life is just too hard, far too messy to take on alone. We all need an extra shoulder to cry on, we all need someone who understands us, who won’t judge us, who will help us succeed at life. Whether it’s a friend, family member, Sheikh in Islam, pastor, or therapist, find a person who’s been there, who can help you feel less alone. They’ll equip you with tools to achieve your goals and face adversity.

Make yourself a priority Exercise. Eat healthy. Take nature walks. Whatever lifts you out of the fog, do it. All these activities will help boost energy and self-esteem. Get a good night’s sleep. Enjoy a bubble bath. Get a massage. Read a favorite book. My own favorite book = Al Qur’an Al-Kareem =, Whatever it may be, make it a priority. If we expect to take on life’s challenges, we’ve got to build ourselves up, spoil ourselves, show ourselves some compassion. Taking care of oneself, nurturing one’s soul, will boost confidence and ready us for whatever challenges life brings.

Laugh often, Laughter really is the best medicine. When times get tough—laugh! It helps us gain perspective. Breaks us free from our prison of despair. Watch a funny show. Read a comic. Hang out with friends who make you laugh, who’ll help you not take yourself so seriously.

Show yourself love, Our perception of ourselves, positive or negative, determines our behavior. If we believe we are unworthy, we act that way. But who we are is not determined by others. It is determined by us, by our own inner thoughts. We alone destroy ourselves— from within. With lies we tell ourselves. With past pain and words that echo through our mind.

So be compassionate. Each morning, look in the mirror and give praise. Say three positive truths. Force yourself to do it even if it seems cheesy. The world is not always kind; if we depend on others for approval, we’ll be waiting a long time.
Don’t compete with others. We run our own race. It’s that simple.

Look for self-improvements. Set new goals. Dwell on your accomplishments. If we’re always striving to beat So and So, we risk losing ourselves. Comparing our life to others never brings happiness or contentment. We’ll only feel more out of control. There will always be someone richer, prettier, smarter, more athletic, healthier, etc. so the only person we should compete with is our past self.

Life isn’t always going to go our way and that’s okay, it’s what makes life exciting. But If we love and take care of ourselves, if we pursue our dreams, if we laugh, and focus on the positives, and if we seek solutions–we will be resilient. Life can throw anything at us and we’ll be ready. We’ll rise, even if it’s an inch by inch crawl out of our pain to be happier, more complete, people than we ever were before.

Salam Alaikun
Alhamudulilah robi-l-alamina for My Life….

Mall. Ibrahim Kamal-deen Al-Mufti writes from Ilorin.

Courtesy of; www.sagevibe.com.ng

Do you respect everyone? Would you show everyone and anyone respect, including people who have made mistakes that may seem unforgivable?

However, does that mean if something is not valuable, expensive, or important, respect should be waived? How about someone who is not smart, or maybe not important?

What about a working class person with little achievement or social class standing? Does that mean they do not deserve to be treated appropriately?
We see examples of disrespectful behavior in our daily lives. In the online world, we see individuals who are targeted with negative hurtful comments, from strangers who don’t even know them.

An ex-convict is viewed differently and perhaps even looked down on for their past doings even if they are changed a change person now. The poor and homeless are often given less respectful treatment than the rich and privileged. A well-dressed person is treated more politely and more welcomed than someone who dresses casually.

At home, in our neighbourhood, at our school or workplace, we are constantly in the presence of other people. This means that we need to interact with one another at some point, if not on a daily basis.

There are those who click with us naturally and those we take an immediate liking to when we first get acquainted; there are also those we dislike from the first instant, and the connection never seems to improve no matter how much we try. Then again, there are those who have such negative attitudes and behaviour that others turn their backs on them.

When we come face to face with someone we dislike or hate interacting with, how do we still maintain the same amount of respectful treatment as we would with others?

How about someone who habitually behaves rudely and has a bad attitude? What about someone who refuses to take responsibility for their actions and/or inactions, constantly pushing blame and running away from accountability?

Or worse, what if we have to interact with someone who is bad but they don’t realize they are the problem? What about selfish and manipulative people? Compulsive liars? Or those who make you hate them to the core?

Should you still demonstrate respect to them and treat them with smiles, politeness, and dignity? Can you bring yourself to do it? Would you even want to?

Some of us may believe that a person who does not respect others or even themselves in the first place does not deserve to be treated with respect in return. However, the perfect analogy would be when someone hurts you or steals from you: would you hurt them back or steal from them to show them what they deserve?

Think of someone who has treated you with disrespect. Would you treat them with the same disrespectful behavior simply because they don’t know how to respect themselves and others? If we did that, what would the difference be between us and them?

Believe it or not, we practice varying levels of respect to different people we come across. Ironically, we tend to show strangers or people we barely know more respect than people who are close to us, like our family members. We are more polite and say nicer things to our neighbors or colleagues or even the grocer than our spouses or siblings.

Respect is an innate trait and attitude we ingrain within ourselves. It is not something we have to see coming from others first before we start practicing. Respect is independent of human nature or external reasons.

Respect, like trust, has to be earned, no doubt, but when we are gracious enough to bestow the respect to others first, even when they don’t deserve it, we are essentially practicing respect towards ourselves and showing others how to respect us appropriately.

Be sure to maintain a mutual space between each other, and practice mutual respect to others, if not with one another. If you cannot be friendly with someone at work, at least be professional with them. If you cannot stay polite with someone in your social circle, maintain a safe distance so your interactions will be limited.

When you dislike someone and cannot treat them with respect, they will usually feel it and reciprocate the same in return.

This then feeds into the negative cycle.

However, when we practice mutual space and respect to people, even those we dislike or cannot tolerate, we are not only building on our tolerance, but also demonstrating our graciousness by showing others that we respect ourselves enough to not be on the same page as them.
We are all different beings. Who you are and who the other person is are completely different. You are not defined by one another — nor are you defined by their actions, characters, behaviors, and attitudes.

Accepting the differences and gaps in individuals may be hard to accept for some, given our variances in backgrounds, upbringings, cultures, education, beliefs, mindsets, and environment, but every step or finding is a learning journey for us in our lives.

Adapting to and learning from different people and situations will not only expand our vision and perspectives, but also broaden our understanding with more acceptance.

When you have issues with maintaining mutual respect with individuals whom you can barely tolerate, try to learn to not be affected by their presence and to not take things personally. Try to view the situation (instead of the person) with objectivity.

Perhaps the individual’s personality is a certain way that grinds on your nerves, and they can’t really help it. Rather than being affected negatively by who you are dealing with, focus on the situation. Deal with the issues and circumstances instead of with the individuals involved. This will make matters easier and more manageable.
There is no one or definite way to treat anyone. Mutual respect is key.

We are all worthy and deserving of respect for who we are as individuals, regardless of our social class, achievements, personality, dress sense, intellect, or even our physique.

When we practice respectful behavior toward others, we are in fact respecting ourselves, and demonstrating to others how we want to be treated in return. When you respect yourself, others will respect you too.

Salam Alaikum.
Respect is Reciprocal.

Mall. Ibrahim Kamal-deen A-Mufti writes from Ilorin.

Courtesy of; www.sagevibe.com.ng

Definition: cohesive ties as otherwise known as 'conjunctions' are words or phrases that are used to show the relationship between two or more statements for clarity in writing or speech making. You need to study and master them as they are listed and explained (with examples) below;

Therefore
Thereupon
So
Wherefore
Therein
Whereas
However
Nevertheless
Notwithstanding
In Conclusion
In summary
To cap it up
Conclusively
Consequently
In Consequence
More so
In addition
Moreover
Thus
Wherein
Therein
Furthermore
Underlisted
Aforementioned
Above-mentioned
Hereby
And
In lieu
Hence
Henceforth
Nonetheless
Hereunder
Better still
Although
Though

a. THUS, THEREFORE, SO, HENCE, WHEREFORE: simply mean as a result of; or for that/this reason.
All these conjunctions actually perform the same function. And any of them could be used in place of the other.
Examples: My mother has arrived from office, therefore I have to rush home now.
I am too full, so I don't want to eat anymore.
Paul sent me out of their house, hence I will never visit him again.

b. MOREOVER, MORE SO, FURTHERMORE, IN ADDITION: is used to add more points to the points or argument you have stated before.
Example: In addition to what I said earlier on, the community of Anyigba does not only need motorable roads, but also needs road lights that will make driving easy at night for motorists. Moreover, I also implore your honorable to look into the issue of youth empowerment.

C. HEREUNDER, UNDERLISTED: simply means, "under this" or "listed below"
Example: You must come to the screening centre with the Underlisted items;
Birth certificate
State of origin certificate
WAEC Result
Post UTME Result
Ex 2: Most of the unambiguous arguments are succinctly stated hereunder;
One, the federal government have not in any ramification launched any clampdown on the judiciary arm of government.
Two, the federal government is only carrying out its avowed and constitutional responsibility of cleansing the country of corrupt practices.

d. IN SUMMARY, IN CONCLUSION , TO CAP IT UP, CONCLUSIVELY : it is normally used when you want to bring your points or argument to a meaningful end or Conclusion as the name implies. After using any of these cohesive ties, you need to highlight or summarize all your points or argument for some readers who are interested in conclusion only, because they do not have all the time to go through all your write-up. So your Conclusion must capture all your points.
Example: In summary, basis of my argument is that female children should be allowed to own properties in their fathers' house.
Ex 2: In Conclusion, Democratic System of government is better than Military government because it doesn't violate human rights.
Note: In Conclusion and Conclusively have same meaning.

f. NONETHELESS, NOTWITHSTANDING, NEVERTHELESS, HOWEVER,ALTHOUGH, THOUGH, EVEN THOUGH: All of these cohesive ties mean; 'despite this/that or in spite of.
Example: it raining cat and rat, Notwithstanding I must go school.
Ex 2: I told him I was sick during the C.A test, nonetheless he failed me.
Ex 3: l passed all my papers, nevertheless I was not offered the MhG scholarship last year.
Ex 4: Nigeria is battling economic recession these days, however there are brighter days ahead.

g. ABOVE-MENTIONED, AFOREMENTIONED: refer to something that has been previously mentioned
Example: Chinedu, Bola, Obaseki, Mustafa and Kwame - all the Aforementioned names must meet with our level adviser regarding last semester examination.
NOTE: 'ABOVE-MENTIONED' can be used the same manner the former is used.
h. WHEREAS, IN CONTRAST, IN CONTRAST: they are usually used in a situation where we have two different incidents or scenarios, where one is positive and the other is negative.
Example: Bola came out excellent in his WAEC, WHEREAS his brother, Tolu failed woefully.
Ex 2: IN CONTRAST, I stood against his motion at the convention.
Ex 3: IN A CONTRARY view to Mr. Blade's, the man is not fit for the job at all.

i. CONSEQUENTLY, IN CONSEQUENCE: they are often used to indicate that a particular action causes or leads to a situation, behavior or reaction.
Example: Amana's presence at the meeting Consequently led to the success of the meeting.
Note: it is as a result of Amana's presence at the meeting that the meeting became a success.
Ex: In Consequence, illiteracy in the country will a threat to its security.
Note: that is, the negative Consequence of illiteracy in the country will be insecurity.

j. IN LIEU OF: It simply mean instead of this, in light of this, or in place of this.
Example: in lieu of getting landed property, the governor gave him a cash prize of #2 million
Ex: In lieu of recent attacks along the road, you must be very careful passing through the road.

To read more you can visit; www.sagevibe.com.ng

Without any misgiving, education is believed to be the foundation of any nation around the globe-it is regarded as a nation builder. A reasonable number of people who have risen to the pinnacle of success and prominence are believed to have cross the hurdle of formal education. This credence is supported by Diogenes Laetus when he reported one of Aristotle's philosophical quotes, when asked about about how much educated men were superior ro those uneducated, Aristotle answered, "As much as the living are to the dead". This witty narrative the great Greek philosopher has undoubtedly highlighted the non-pareil signifance and value of education in contemporary society.
In a seeming contrary view, Nigel Rees asserted that, "Yesterday I couldn't spell engineer, now I are one". Nigel Rees's assertion plainly underscored the societal value and greatness of the uneducated men. For this reason, I shall hastily delve into the life of a very rare titan. A man without formal education, yet his citadel of learning has made plethora of erudite minds.

Who is Alhaji Abdur-rahim Oladimeji Igbaja?
Alhaji Abdur-raheem Oladimeji Igbaja was born on the 8th June 1934 to the family of Mallam Yusuf Ayinde Oladimeji and Hawau Ajike Yusuf Oladimeji. He is the last child in the family of ten. He is the founder of Al-Hikmah University, an Islamic private university in Ilorin, Kwara state.

It is quite antithetical that Alhaji Abdulr-rahim did not enjoy any form of formal learning despite his father's immense contributions to the development of education in his hometown-Igbaja, Kwara state.

According to him, he said his dream to get enrolled for formal education was aborted on a good day while he was accompanying his father, they experienced a scenario of harsh disciplinary action meted out on one of the pupils in a school which his father vehemently criticised. On that basis, asserted that none of his beloved children would ever go through such callous displinary action all in the name of education. And that was how his hope for education dashed away.

Despite his father's resolution, his desire to get formal education was never dampened-he strove again and again-yet all his thirsty endeavors to receive formal education ended in sheer futility. Once again, his zeal for formal learning was rekindled when he needed to keep sales record of his business, so he learned the Yoruba alphabet. But he couldn't not complete his English alphabet tutorial due to some impediments.

What drove investment in the educational sector?
Alhaji Abdur-rahim Oladimeji his revealed that his ambition to establish Al-Hakimah University was borne out of his unwavering predilection for education. He also said the ambition was later strengthened after series of encouragement and counselling from his son to establish a higher institution as against his initial plan to set up a factory.

Brief note about the institution
The school was formerly known as Abdur-rahim College of Science Foundation (in Ilorin) before it later metamorphosed into Al-Hikmah University in 2005. It is one of the cheapest private degree-awarding institutions in the country. Currently, the institution has five colleges (faculties) with remedial and post-graduate programmes:

College of Natural Sciences;
College of Education;
College of Management Sciences;
College of Humanities;
College of Law.

The institution is exploring every available avenue to introduce both masters and PhD. programmes in not-too-distant future.

Alhaji Abdur-rahim Oladimeji Igbaja, a renowned business mogul and philanthropist has etched his glorious name on the indelible wall of history and achievement. With his sought after greatness he has taught the world a long-lasting lesson using the word of Bill Shankly, "Having no education I had to use my brain".

courtesy of; www.sagevibe.com.ng

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Nigerian Youth: What is Wrong With Us?


There have been plethora of essays gearing up youth of Nigeria to espouse the rein of their country’s affairs from the older folks in full capacities. But just a few weeks ago I was so fortunate to stumble across a mindboggling and beautifully crafted piece by our own renowned Laureate prize holder, Professor Oluwole Soyinka in which he presented several arrays of narratives as to why the Nigerian youth should confidently brace themselves up for national tasks and responsibilities. Sincerely, there was a particular line in his inspirational argument that forcefully pierced my mind like Asian Volcano where the don maintained as follows’’. This statement emotionalized me and I became cleared of my fantasied intoxication of ever being young and young.
Without much dramatization, my honest question is; what is wrong with Nigerian Youth? Nothing, if you ask me. In as much as I was convinced and confused by the literary giant’s position I still, justifiably frown at his stance on Nigerian youth. I harbour the staunchest opinion that the youth should not be made to suffer an iota of vituperation like a man nursing his excruciating sore-their inability to be stakeholders in the day-to-day affairs of their fatherland is not their own creation after all, they have been subjected to both physical and psychological angsts. The elitist class has reduced our vibrant youth to nothing but a citadel of political thuggery and banditry-turned their promising future into a field of withered rose flowers just to have their uncultured and prodigal sons and daughters to pilot their succession agenda.

Recent revelations have shown how Nigeria has been transmuted into to fathers and sons enterprise where political marauders are greedily initiating their sons (heirs) into the treasury-sucking fraternity of corruption-please, do flashback to the corruption cases of; Murtala Nyako and son; Aminu Baba Kusa and son; Attairu Bafarawa and son; Dr. Bello Haliru Muhammed and son; Bamanga Tukur and son; Ahmadu Ali and son; and Sule Lamido and sons. Though, I have not included the power-passing baton enterprise of the age-long Saraki’s political hegemony in Kwara State.
With this syndrome of father-to-son polity in the Nigeria there is no political leverage reserved for indigent youth to rise from hard rock to the most exalted tower of gold in Nigerian polity. Extremely a Shakespearean fiction! When your father is not a political party financier or on the Board of Trustees.
I however, charge the youth to cease to be brought down by any stumbling barricades moulded on their routes to achieving their successes and desires. They must, as a matter of necessity equip themselves with foundational leadership education as posited by a Greek philosopher, Diogenes, ‘‘The foundation of every state is the education of its youth’’.

They must take a cue from the likes of; Fredrick Douglas; Marcus Garvey; Malcom X; and Martin Luther King Jnr who despite the obnoxious institutionalized racism of the whites in the United States of America morally and intellectually battled their ways out of the racial subjugation and subservience. Today, their names are seen on the indelible wall of heroics.

Our young minds must not be susceptible to the consumption of overdose pills of ethno-religious extremism in a covert trial at incapacitating them from toppling the old-folk politicians.

I, for one vehemently believe if we have youth who are so much focused, resolute and strong-minded, Nigeria will in not-too-distant future produce youthful leaders in the mould of the following personages who in their tender ages took over the stools of leadership and power; Johnson Aguiyi Ironsi, 42, first military president of Nigeria; Yakubu Gowon 32, Military President of Nigeria; Kim Yong Un, 27, president of North Korea; Jigme Khesar NW., 26, King of Bhutan; Tamim bn Ahmad Al Thanni, 32, Emir of Qatar; Atifete Jahjag (A woman), 35, Ex-president of Kosovo.


Mohammed F. Gambari writes from Abuja.
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