Fproject's Posts

Nairaland Forum › Fproject's Profile › Fproject's Posts

1 2 (of 2 pages)

Education › FUTO Project Topics And Research Materials by fproject(op): 1:38pm On Jan 18, 2018

Education › UNIBEN Project Topics And Research Materials by fproject(op): 1:07pm On Jan 18, 2018

Education › UNILORIN Project Topics And Research Materials by fproject(op): 12:30pm On Jan 18, 2018

Education › IMSU Project Topics And Research Materials by fproject(op): 12:12pm On Jan 18, 2018

Education › ABSU Project Topics And Research Materials by fproject(op): 12:04pm On Jan 18, 2018

Education › Statistical Analysis Of The Queuing System In A Bus Terminal by fproject(op): 7:30am On Dec 04, 2017

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF THE QUEUING SYSTEM IN A BUS TERMINAL (A CASE STUDY OF NEKEDE BUS TERMINAL).

Source: www.projectng.com

ABSTRACT

The need to reduce the length of queue (waiting time) forms the basis of this research. This project work centers on the queuing system witnessed at the Nekede bus terminal; and a single serve queuing system was adopted in the analysis. The basic aim and objectives of this research is to identify the distribution of the arrival and service and finding out if increasing the number services (terminal) would tend to reduce the waiting time in the system. Different probability distribution where used to analyze the data which lead to the computing of the queuing statistics with busy time to be 0.73 and idle time to be 0.27, number of vehicle in the system to be 3, number vehicle in queue to be 2, expected waiting time in system to be 0.23 mins and expected waiting time in queue to be 0.17 mins. And also the total number of vehicle served to be 190 within 695 minutes. In conclusion, the researcher finds out that the arrival of buses follows a Poisson distribution as well as exponential service times. And also since there is almost 0 queue (i.e. ρ<1), there is no need for more servers in the system.

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION

Waiting in lines is a part of our everyday life. Waiting in lines may be due to the demand at any one time may be more than the capacity of service (over crowded), overfilling or due to congestion. Any time there is more customer demand for a service than can be provided, a waiting lines forms. We wait in lines at the movie theatre, at the bank for a teller, at hospital (s) for diagnosis and treatment at a grocery store. Wait time is depends on the number of people waiting before you, the number of servers serving line, and the amount of service time for each individual customer. Customers can be humans or an object such as customer orders to be process, a machine waiting for repair. Matte analytical method of analyzing the relationship between congestion and delay caused by it can be modelled using queuing analysis. Queuing theory provides tools needed for analysis of system of congestion. Mathematically, systems of congestion appear in many diverse and complicated ways and can vary in extent and complexity.

A waiting line system or queuing system is defined by two important elements: the population source of its customers and the process or service system. The customer population can be considered as finite or infinite. The customer population is finite when the number of customers affects the potential new customers for the service system already in the system. When the number of customers waiting in line does not significantly affect the rate at which the population generates new customers, the customer population is considered infinite. Customer behaviour can change and depends on waiting line characteristics. In addition to waiting, a customer can choose other alternative. When a customer enters the waiting line but leaves before being serviced, process is called Reneging. When customers changes one line to another to reduce wait time, process is called jockeying. Balking occurs when a customer do not enter waiting line but decides to come back later. Another element of queuing system is service system. The number of waiting lines, the number of services, the arrangement of the services, the arrival and service patterns, and the service priority rules characterized the service system. Queue system can have channels or multiple waiting lines. Examples of single waiting line are bank counter, airline counters, restaurants, amusement parks etc. In these examples multiple servers might serve customer. In the single line multiple servers has better performance in terms of waiting times and eliminates jockeying behaviour than the system with a singe line for each server. System serving capacity is a function of the number of service facilities and severs proficiency. In queuing system, the terms server and channel are used interchangeable. Queuing systems are either single server or multiple servers. Single server examples includes gas station food mart with single checkout counter, a theatre with a single person selling ticket and controlling admission into the show. Multiple server examples include gas station with multiple gas pumps, grocery stores with multiple cashiers, and multiple tellers in a bank. Services require single activity or services of activities called phases. In a Single-phase system, the service is completed all at once, such as a bank transaction or grocery store checkout counter. In a multiple phase system, the service is completed in a series of phases, such as at fast food restaurant with ordering, pay, and pick up windows. Queuing system is characterised by rate at which customers arrive and served by service system. Arrival rate specifies the average number of customers per time period. The service rate specifies the average number of customer Read More

Download Statistic Project Topics Here

Education › Design And Implementation Of An Online Lan Knowledge-based System by fproject(op): 7:17am On Dec 04, 2017

Design And Implementation Of An Online Lan Knowledge-based System

Source: www.projectng.com

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

How is computer and other related devices actually able to send information across data communication lines. The answer to this is the installation and maintenance of computer network. Furthermore, installation and maintenance of computer network is the glue that holds all data in the exact form, the data is to be transfer from one place to another. While the procedures for installation of computer methods are embodies in this project.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLE

Computer hardware may fail, telephone line may fail and more likely, the computer software may have bugs that make the network stop working. How does the airlines clerk sell tickets when the computer is down? How can the pilot send a message across if the network fails? How do you get your electronic mail, pay bills, get news, if you become dependent on computer networks that sometimes fails. If you put a shaved database, you want to be sure that it will not disappear or be tampered with. It you can use home computer raid your account and toil will your money?

A company that puts all its important data in line runs the risk to go out of business if that information is boss or incorrect.

Furthermore, support the owners of a saved data based want only certain people to use it one way to limit use, is to give a password to those people alone, that will have access to it and before opening the data base, the computer will ask the user to enter a password.

Password protection is not parted, though if someone finds out your password and use it, the computer will not know that such password is been used illegally by such person.

Finally, inability of the computer scientist to observe appropriate procedure in connection during installation poses treat to them, which however may lead to damage of the computer and cards.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

The purpose of the study is to design a system which shall render an assistance to the computer scientist during the installation and maintenance of a compute network. Moreover, proper installation of various components of the networks are achieved and the prevention and corrective maintenance are properly added.

AIM AND OBJECTIVES

The aim and objectives of the study are as follows:

1. To minimize cost: With maintenance, there is reduction in cost, i.e. instead of spending more money in the purchasing of new equipment, the money can be used in the maintenance of the faulty equipment.

2. To reduce the staff: With the introduction of the computer network (computerized) there is possibility that the number of staff will reduce.

3. To share file and resources at a given time:- With the computer network or files and other peripherals can be shared at any given time as printer, scanner and files.

4. To increases output:- With the computer network; jobs that are scheduled for 10 day can be done in 3 days and this will increase output.

5. The overall objectives of the local area network:- Is to connect the computer system and devices in the same geographical area.

SCOPE OF THE STUDY

There are different kinds of computer network system, such as Local Area Network (LAN) and Wide Area Network (WAN) etc. But this project is limited to only Local Area Network (LAN) and using about 100 Read More

Get More Computer Science Project Topics Here

Educational Services › Project Topics For Federal Universities In Nigeria by fproject(op): 12:01pm On Nov 09, 2017

Educational Services › Evaluation Of The Effect Of Non-current Assets On Return On Assets Of Cement by fproject(op): 11:45am On Nov 09, 2017

EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF NON-CURRENT ASSETS ON RETURN ON ASSETS OF CEMENT MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY IN NIGERIA.NG.
SOURCE: www.projectng.com

ABSTRACT

The study is on evaluation of the effect of investment on non-current assets on return on asset of cement manufacturing industry in Nigeria. The major aim of the study is to ascertain the effects of non-current assets on the return on assets of cement manufacturing industry in Nigeria. The period covered is2004-2013. The independent variables are Land and Buildings, Plant and Machinery, Motor Vehicles, Furniture and Fittings, while the dependent variable is Return on Asset. Annual accounts and reports were used for analysis and multiple regressions were used to validate the hypotheses. The findings show that there is effect of non- current assets on return on asset but is not significant in Nigeria. It also, shows that the independent variable Plant and Machinery contributed more to Return on Asset but is not significant. The recommendations include that there should be more investment in non-current asset especially plant and machinery in order to increase the return on asset of cement manufacturing industry in Nigeria. It is also recommended that firms in Nigeria should invest keenly in motor vehicles to ease the problem inherent in distribution of cement product in Nigeria.

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

Return on Assets is one of the measures of financial performance. And financial performance measure is one of the important performance measures for economic units. Financial performance measures are used as the indicators to evaluate the success of economic units in achieving stated strategies, objectives and critical success factors (Katja, 2009). The main objective of financial performance measuring is to determine the operating and financial characteristics and the efficiency and performance of economic unit management, as reflected in the financial records and reports (Amalenda 2010). Financial ratio analysis method is an important measure to financial performance analysis in the economic units because ratio analysis method is the most commonly used financial tool to evaluate the current and past performance in the economic unit and to assess its sustainability (Dick, Feenstra and Wang 2000).

Capital expenditure refers to the decisions related to capital budgeting as replacement of equipment or the expansion of plant. This expenditure is basically related to financial decisions of a firm. This should assure that net present value must be generated. Capital expenditure must be directly related to the corporate income in future. There are two kinds of assets in the commercial firms, such as current asset and the noncurrent t assets. The examples of non-current assets are building, land, plant, machinery and equipment, furniture and fittings and others. The productive capacity can be generated by investing in such assets which ensures long term profit range. The kinds of such assets do not change frequently. The basic purpose of the purchase of such assets is to produce and sale more. Assets have significant role in determining the profit ratio of a firm (Smith 1980)

There are many reasons why the assets are considered to be important. The non-current assets are about half of the total assets of the manufacturing firm and a greater return on investment can be obtained by having huge level of assets which are not current (Igbal and Mati 2012).

According to Okwo, Ugwunta and Nweze (2012) a firm acquires plant and machinery and other productive noncurrent assets for the purpose of generating sales. Therefore, the efficiency of noncurrent assets should be judged in relation to sales. Generally, a high non-current assets turnover ratio indicates efficient utilization of non-current assets in generating sales, while a low ratio indicates inefficient management and utilization of non-current assets. Thus a firm, whose plant and machinery has considerably been depreciated, may show a higher non-current assets turnover ratio than the firm which has purchased plant and machinery recently. By comparing the non-current assets turnover of the two firms, it cannot be conclusive that the former is more efficient in managing non-current assets because of the effects of depreciation. The asset turnover shows how much sales are generated for every N1(one naira) of capital employed. A low asset turnover indicates that the business is not using its assets effectively and should either try to increase its sales or dispose of some of the assets.

Ibam (2008) opined that a company’s investment in non-current asset is dependent to a large degree, on its line of business. Some businesses are more capital intensive than others. Firms in the natural resources just as firms in the brewery industry and other industry producers require a large amount of noncurrent asset investment and large capital equipment while, service companies and computer software producers need a relatively small amount of noncurrent assets.

Ibam (2008) is more interested in the average noncurrent assets. This noncurrent asset turnover ratio indicator looked at asset over time and compares the ratio to that of competitors. This gives the investor an idea of how effectively a company’s management is, in utilizing noncurrent asset. It is a rough measure of the productivity of a company’s non-current assets with respect to generating sales. The higher the number of times turns over, the better. However investors should look for consistency or increasing non-current assets turnover rates as positive position in investment qualities Ibam (2008).

According to Albrecht (2005) Return on assets (ROA) is a financial ratio that shows the percentage of profit a company earns in relation to its resources. It is commonly defined as Earning before interest and taxes, it is derived from the income statement of the company and is the profit Read More

Download Free Accounting Project topic Here

Get 1000+ Final Year Project Topic Here

Education › Re: How To Download Free Project Topic In Nigeria by fproject(op): 10:26am On Nov 08, 2017

You can get all the project topic free including chapter one. What More do you want.

Education › Project Topics On Education by fproject(op): 11:51am On Nov 07, 2017

project topics on education

Projectng assist final year students with quality, well researched, reliable and ready made project work. Our materials are recent, complete (chapter 1 -5, with references) and well written.

Simply visit www.projectng.com select your department, choose from our list of topics available and fill in your data to download

Download project topics on education Here

Education › Project Topics For Mass Communication by fproject(op): 11:39am On Nov 07, 2017

project topics for mass communication
Projectng assist final year students with quality, well researched, reliable and ready made project work. Our materials are recent, complete (chapter 1 -5, with references) and well written.

Simply visit www.projectng.com select your department, choose from our list of topics available and fill in your data to download

Download project topics for mass communication Here

Education › Re: How To Download Free Project Topic In Nigeria by fproject(op): 9:19am On Nov 03, 2017

Education › How To Download Free Project Topic In Nigeria by fproject(op): 9:13am On Nov 03, 2017

Download Final year project topic and research materials at www.projectng.com

Steps to Download Project topic at projectng

1. Select a department
2. Click on click on a topic under the department you have selected
3. View the abstract and chapter 1 of the project work.
4. Fill the form on the top page

You will receive your DOWNLOAD CODE on your mobile phone. Example: PNG433.

Visit http://projectng.com/download and enter your download code.

Other Notes

* All our materials are already written project work.

Adverts › Download Bsc/hnd/ond Free Project Topics With Materials Archives. by fproject(op): 8:46am On Nov 03, 2017

Projectng is Online Academic Resource Centre designed to provide academic assistance for students in fulfillment of their Final Year Project.
We focus on attracting students to Research Project Topics and Materials that can be used as guide, framework and reference for their project work.
These Unique and Reliable Project Topics and Materials are well-researched are provided in complete format (Chapter 1 to 5) with adequate References.
Projectng provide access for instant download of any Research Project Materials seen on this platform.

Rush Now to www.projectng.com

1 Like

Adverts › Free Research Project Topics And Materials In Nigeria by fproject(op): 7:01pm On Nov 02, 2017

FREE RESEARCH PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS IN NIGERIA AT WWW.PROJECTNG.COM
Browse free research project topics and materials in Nigeria. Our Materials are approved and well researched for final year students and under graduates.

Simply visit www.projectng.com select your department, choose from our list of topics available and fill in your data to download

Educational Services › New Project Topic - Search New Project Topic - Free Project Topic Projectng.com by fproject(op): 6:54pm On Nov 02, 2017

Find New Project Topic. Check Out 1000+ Results from Across the Web. The Complete Overview, Trusted by Millions. Types: pdf, doc.

At projectng offer a wide range of educational project topics and materials in Nigeria. Choose an appropriate sphere of education and take what you need on our website.

Find Projects For Students. With 1000s of Results. Search Now!

Simply visit www.projectng.com select your department, choose from our list of topics available and fill in your data to download

Education › Free Research Project Topics And Materials In Nigeria by fproject(op): 6:43pm On Nov 02, 2017

Educational Services › Electrical / Electronic Engineering Project Topic by fproject(op): 6:30pm On Oct 20, 2017

Electrical/Electronic Engineering Project Topic

Projectng assist final year students with quality, well researched, reliable and ready made project work. Our materials are recent, complete (chapter 1 -5, with references) and well written.

Simply visit www.projectng.com select your department, choose from our list of topics available and fill in your data to download

Click here for Electrical/Electronic Engineering Project Topic

Educational Services › Final Year Banking And Finance Project Topic by fproject(op): 6:23pm On Oct 20, 2017

Final Year Banking And Finance Project Topic
Get Final year quality, well researched, reliable and ready made project work. Complete materials (chapter 1 -5, with references) and well written. Simply visit www.projectng.com select your department, choose from our list of topics available and fill in your data to download.

Click here for Banking And Finance Project Topic

1 Like

Education › Final Year Project Topic by fproject(op): 8:14am On Oct 20, 2017

Educational Services › The Role Of Agricultural Insurance In Enhancing Agricultural Productivity by fproject(op): 10:29am On Oct 17, 2017

THE ROLE OF AGRICULTURAL INSURANCE IN ENHANCING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY (A CASE STUDY IN UZO-UWANI L.G.A) source: www.projectng.com

ABSTRACT

Insurance is needed in order to alleviate the financial losses suffered by policy holders or the general public where the liability under policy is a contingent’s one. Therefore agricultural insurance takes care of the losses suffered by the farmers. To do this very successfully by an underwriter the compensation has to be made from contribution (premium) of all parties participating in the insurance. It is the aim of this research work therefore to find out if agricultural insurance has contributes in any meaningful way to enhancing agricultural productivity. Weather agricultural insurance has actually gained acceptance by the rural farmers. If compensation and adequately paid when losses are encountered by the farmers. And the possible areas the farmer can over with agricultural insurance policy the research work. Contains a general background discussion on the role of agricultural insurance in enhancing agricultural productivity. It went further to state the problem to be studies and why this research study was carried out, the scope and limitation of the study and finally the research questions and the definition of terms. AA number of related literature as it affects agricultural insurance were critically reviewed to provide enough background to the study. With the design of the study, the methods used in collecting relevant data it also deals with the way questionnaires were distributed and the treatment of data. The data got from the research survey were analyzed interpreted and presented. Also in this chapter was the distribution of questionnaires, characteristics of respondents and set two questionnaires for NAIC. Finally, the summary of finding, conclusion on the research and recommendations made by the researcher. It is beloved that at the end of this research work the researcher would have established of actually agricultural insurance have successfully contributed in its role of enhancing agricultural productivity.

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the study

Agricultural insurance as an alternative for risk management started as crop insurance in Europe more than one hundred year ago and then spread to the United States of America at the beginning of 20th century. It has then been embraced by a lot of the world like Canada, Mauritius, Zimbabwe, Philippines, Iran, Zambia and Nigeria with varying degrees of success and failures in agriculture production.

In Nigeria, there has been growing need since, 1976 to evolve a worthwhile and more permanent natural approach to risk management in agricultural and this has continued to attract the attention of the various governments. To this effect, Nigeria agricultural Insurance Corporation was established by funded largely by her with the predication of state government and organization private sector. Nigeria agricultural Insurance Corporation started as a company but became a corporation in 1993 by the virtue of decree 37 of 1993.

The introduction and formal lunching of the Nigeria agricultural insurance scheme by the president and commander in chief of the armed forces of Nigeria, president Ibrahim Babangida Badamosi on 15th December, 1987 was designated to benefit the small, medium and large scale farmer from the effect of natured hazards in consideration of a determined price called premium.

More so, Nigeria agricultural insurance scheme is to ensure the payment of appropriate compensation sufficient to keep the farmer in business after insuring any loss on their insured form.

1.2 Statement of Problem

In the result past, various governments in Nigeria have launched different agricultural policies in their relentless effort to enhancing agricultural productivity.

They also have committed a large sum of zealous desire to achieving an increased agricultural production but have continually and repeatedly failed. One of the reasons for this failure is that most farmers in Nigeria have never discovered the need to insure their farms and other agricultural of the federal government in establishing the Nigeria agricultural insurance scheme (NAIS).

Sourcing of fund has proved highly impossible because the lending institution also are supposed to fund agricultural development are quite doubtful of advancing loan to this sector because of the risks of uncertainty and insecurity.

1.3 significance of the study

Agricultural insurance unlike the conventional insurance is relatively new in Nigeria. consequently, there are many problems involved in collecting data and other materials for research in the field of insurance. this problem underscore the significance of this piece of work hence, the study will be helpful to students of insurance and other interested displine who may wish to carry out further study on this new field.

The research will assist both the federal government and the Nigeria agricultural insurance corporation which are directly as the device better ways of improving their performance. this will also enlighten e various marketing intermediaries on the need to participate more effectively in the operation of the scheme to ensure it success.

Furthermore, since the scheme serve as a kind of production to the insuring public (ie the insured farmers) thereby enhancing greater confidence to all farmers) (whether insured or not) on adopting a new and improved farming practice and in making greater economy’s perhaps aids to increase the state agricultural production.

1.4 objective of the study

1. To investigate the number of claims that was reported to NAIC yearly.

2. To investigate the amount paid by the farmers as premium.

3. To investigate the performance of the relevant financial institution and agricultural lending institution on the insurance policy.

4. The research will also check the output achieved in farming activities under the agricultural insurance scheme.

5. To investigate the claim settlement methods and procedures of the agricultural insurance scheme.

6. To investigate significant difference between the period covered by Niger insurance Plc and Nigerian Agricultural Insurance Corporation in Nigeria.

1.5 Scope and Limitation of the study

Nigeria Agricultural Insurance Corporation is the only corporation underwriting all agricultural policies in Nigeria with a network of branches made the study unique. The research work carried out tend to be in dynamic setting as the scope of the work extend from the head office of the Nigeria agricultural insurance corporation in Abuja to the nearby zonal office here in Enugu. The research work covered agricultural crop, insurance product. The volume of work local require in a research of this nature could not be carried out without some limitations. first, was inadequacy of finance, second was the death of book, journal magazine on agricultural insurance as secondary source of data collection thirdly, the illiteracy level of respondent farmers constituted serious handling and mount Read More

Educational Services › The Impact Of Globalization Of Financial Service On The Development Of Nigeria by fproject(op): 10:23am On Oct 17, 2017

THE IMPACT OF GLOBALIZATION OF FINANCIAL SERVICE ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF NIGERIAN INSURANCE INDUSTRY (A STUDY OF IGI)

ABSTRACT

The study sought to investigate the impact if globalization of financial services on the development of Nigerian Insurance industry (A study of IGI). Globalization refers to the process of the intensification of economic, political, social and cultural relations across boundaries, and it is principally aimed at the homogenization of political and socioeconomic across boundaries. Industrial general insurance company Enugu was used as a case study. The objective of the research were to ascertain why Nigeria insurance industry has not been participating in the international insurance market, and to identify the needs facilities to be used to enhances globalization in Nigeria. The methodology used in obtaining data was a structural questionnaire and its validity of hypothesis was tested using the chi-square statistical model. Data were sourced both through primary and secondary data collection. Approximating scaling statistical model was used in the analysis of response from the respondents. It was discovered from the research work that a lot of problems are facing globalization of financial service on the development of Nigerian insurance Industry in Enugu and recommends that government should help to provide due facilities that will enhance Nigeria Insurance Industry in participating in the international Insurance market.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Globalization means the whole world is becoming a global village, the world are coming together to be one in unity, things are happening generally people don’t produce to satisfy the market people around them, but they produce for the whole market. What is happening at Saudi Arabia, America, Europe etc. is happening in Nigeria, Ghana and parts of the whole world it is globalization. Globalization is a new world order that emphasis global perspective of the whole universe in further words that word market is tended towards a universal standard.

The world economy has undergone radical change during the past two decades, geographical and cultural distance have shrunk with advent of jet planes, fax machines, global computer and telephone, look ups, world television satellite, broad casts and other technical advances. This has allowed companies to greatly expand their geographical market coverage purchasing and manufacturing the result is a vastly more complex insurance environment for both companies and customers. Today almost every company, large or small is touched in some way by global competition. From the neighbourhood florist that buys its flower from Mexican. Nurseries, to the small New-York clothing retailer that source its merchandized competing in its home markets with giant Japanese rivals to the large American Consumer gods producer introduce new products into emerging markets abroad.

Companies in various industries are also developing using a global assembly line. In addition is sourcing their components supplier and goods from abroad, many U.S companies are trying to sell their service abroad. But they are recognizing that to do this well they cannot do it along so they are forming strategic alliances with competitors who serve as suppliers or distributors, technological partners or joint ventures partners all of this means that we are seeing and will continue to see some surprising alliances between international competitors e,g ford and Nissan successfully designed a mini-van together and ford has also had a successful strategic alliance with mazde for the past 20 years.

General electric and SNECMA a French company have been making jet engines together, since 1971 Coca-cola and Schweppes run a large soft drink during bottling plant together that has brought both companies, tremendous cost saving. Toshiba supplier line transmitter to JVC Television.

What is internal: The internet is a collection thousands of computer, networks of varying sizes millions of computer more than 30 million users who share a compatible means for interacting with one mother to exchange digital. A system that Commack computer system located throughout the world that willing to share resources. Internet has eructed a co-operative society that forms a virtual community starting from end of global to other.

There are factors that necessitate globalization as follows:

International spread of technology sizes of investment require, reduction of trade barriers and all environmental demographically, psychological and behavioural factors.

Globalization through trade agreement and market integration the success of trading blocks in the world economic depend on members having similar economic structures; being geographically close to each other experiencing a political commitment and solving evidence of trade compatibility (Eieleke) 1992, (Schott 1999). The first exertion refers to the need to accommodate the redistribution of trade flows employment and income which would necessarily arise from the integration of the economics.

Globalization through (GATT) the general agreement of tariffs and round of discussion completed and signed on 15 December 1993 in Geneva and was launched in Uruguay seaside resource of pentodes to see. In September 1986, the Uruguay round of trade talks was the most ambitious attempt to date involving more than 100 countries liberalizing trade and standardizing trade rules in a textiles. The aim was to remove as many trade barriers as possible to encourage closeness of the global the most striking trend in business today is the growing globalization of markets world wide for goods and services. This is true for everything from airlines to automobile, banking to burgers; clothing to computers detergent to disappears, electronics to elevators, software, tooth paste to tacos. Corporations whether of U.S Japanese, European or other National origin are drawing an increasing proportion of their sales from international; markets are the 100 largest U.S multination drive 39 percent of their sales from operations overseas. Company such as Exxon IBM, Colgate pal olive CPC internationals and Coca-cola etc draw more than 60 percent of their sales from operations overseas, international markets are critical for companies such as Unilever the Anylor –dutch conglomerate, Philips, the electronics giant and nestle the SWISS food mammoth who have relatively small domestic market. Vans motivation empires are emerging whose sales volume is often greater than G.N.P of many countries.

Yet globalization is not confined to a globalization in not confined to a large multination. A new breed of :Mhiaction” is emerging opening fall ones research labs and sales units around the world, these are typically mid-size manufacturing companies with sales of N200 million to N1 billion which target special rick market worldwide in areas such as precision institution medical equipment or computer peripherals. Talking advantage of the operating up of market customers firm a limited number of manufacturing bases and keep a clean cooperate profile to compete more effectively in world market. Medtronic, A.U.S.S.S” manufacturer of pace makers has opened plants in Japan and Europe for research and manufacturing to serves these marketing and tap into new technology in micro matching and miniaturization. Japanese and European companies have entered world markets and constitute a major challenge in many industries traditionally dominated by U.S.A firms. Many companies from the newly industrializing and developing economics are also beginning to spreads their wings and to assume increasing important in field such as electronics textiles ship building and steel. Furthermore, the trend towards globalization is occurring not only down stream. In end markets for consumers on industrial goods but also upstream in market for raw-materials technology and other resource in may industrial, global searching is on the increase resulting in the development of complex logistical system designed to take advantages of differential labour, production and raw material cost in different countries as well as the increase efficiently in international transportation and communication networks.

Thomson consumer electronic of France for example, makes components in Malaysia and Indonesia that go into sets, assembled in its highly automated plant in Singapore. Indonesia has now become a favourite place for making expensive owing sticks numerous, U.S Japanese Automobile companies are setting up operation in mexico-ford is investing & 750 million in a plant in Chihualua to manufacture two empires for North America. Mission is spending & I Billion on a new assembly plant at Aquas caleentes to make sentras, some of which are to be re-expected to Japan. Such development imply that all companies need to adopt a global perspective to their strategic insurance planning, irrespective of their interest. In international markets need to identify the most attractive opportunities world wide to determine their global strategy relative to those market. Even companies not considering international operations need to develop strategy with and eye to international operation need to develop strategy with an eye to international development and potential entry of completion into the domestic Read More...

Project Topics sorted by Departments. Simply select your department, choose from our list of topics available to download
Free Accounting Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Agric Engineering Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Agriculture Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Architecture Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Banking And Finance Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Bio-Chemistry Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Biology Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Building Technology Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Business Administration & Management Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Chemical Engineering Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Chemistry Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Civil Engineering Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Co-operative And Rural Development Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Computer Engineering Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Computer Science Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Cooperative Economics Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Economics Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Education Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Electrical/Electronic Engineering Project Topic Research and Materials
Free English Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Entrepreneurial & Business Management Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Estate Management Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Fine And Applied Arts Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Food Technology Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Home And Rural Economics Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Hospitality Management And Technology Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Industrial Chemistry Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Industrial Relation & Personnel Management Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Insurance Project Topic Research and Materials
Free International And Diplomatic Studies Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Law Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Library And Information Science Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Marketing Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Mass Communication Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Mechanical Engineering Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Medical And Health Science Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Microbiology Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Nursing Science Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Office Technology & Management Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Pharmacy Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Philosophy Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Political Science Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Printing Technology Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Psychology Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Public Administration Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Purchasing And Supply Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Quantity Surveyor Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Science Lab Technology Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Secretarial Administration Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Seminars Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Sociology Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Staff Development And Distance Education Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Statistic Project Topic Research and Materials
Free Urban And Regional Planning Project Topic Research and Materials

Agriculture › Effect Of Monetary Policy On Agricultural Output In Nigeria by fproject(op): 7:37am On Oct 16, 2017

The Effect Of Monetary Policy On Agricultural Output In Nigeria. source: www.projectng.com
INTRODUCTION

The significance of agriculture in bringing about economic growth and development of a nation cannot be underestimated, the reason why a nation possesses sustainable food security, is because it produces enough food to feed her citizens and even export these goods to other needy countries thereby generating foreign exchange which in turn increases the national income in the long-run. The agricultural sector serves all other sectors in the economy especially the industrial sector. The problem facing the Nigerian agricultural economy is inadequate capital and credit for start-up, investment and expansion. Monetary policy through its influence on the financial sector of the economy plays a major role in making credit available to the agricultural sector.

Monetary policy refers to the combination of measures designed to regulate the value, supply and cost of money in an economy. It can be described as the art of controlling the direction and movement of credit facilities in pursuance of stable price and economy growth in an economy (CBN, 1992). Monetary policy in the Nigerian context refers to the actions of the Central Bank of Nigeria to regulate the money supply which could be through discretional monetary policy instruments such as the open market operation (OMO), discount rate, reserve requirement, moral suasion, direct control of banking system credit, and direct regulation of interest rate (Iyoha, 2002).

The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) derives its mandate from the CBN Act of 1958. Section one of the CBN Decree No. 24 of 1991, stipulates that the principal objects of the Bank shall be to issue legal tender currency in Nigeria; maintain external reserves to safeguard the international value of the legal tender currency, promote monetary stability and a sound financial system in Nigeria, and act as banker and financial adviser to the Federal Government (CBN, 2006). Therefore the central bank is the principal monetary authority.

Agriculture in the context of the economy is tied with the various sectors and is essential for generating broad based growth necessary for development. Agriculture is fundamental to the sustenance of life and is the bedrock of economic development, especially in the provision of adequate and nutritious food vital for human development, the sector is a catalyst and major source of raw materials for the industrial sector and provides most of the staple food consumed by the 120 million Nigerians. Although developments in the oil sector have dominated Nigeria's economic scene since the mid-1970s, the country remains basically agricultural. More than 70 percent of its population depends on agriculture, which contributes roughly 25 percent of GDP and 60 percent of non-oil exports.

Monetary policy facilitates the establishment of agricultural businesses through availability of credit and finance for start-up, investments, and expansion. The CBN controls the availability of credit through monetary policy instruments. These instruments affect agricultural output through agricultural banks and other financial institutions. Therefore, in our study of agricultural output monetary policy is a very important factor.

1.2 Statement Of The Problem

Before the rapid rise in oil export revenue, Nigeria was a major exporter of agricultural produce, especially cocoa, groundnuts, cotton, palm oil, palm kernel, and rubber. Since then however both the volume and the range of agricultural exports has declined sharply and agricultural imports have increased dramatically.

In addition, Nigeria no longer produces sufficient food for the country's large and rapidly growing population. The average annual rate of real output growth for food crops fell to about 2 percent a year during the 1970s. Between 1970 and 1975, however, the output of export crops dropped 17percent, the food import bill rose more than 10-fold in 1970-1980.

Low agricultural output has a negative effect on the economy as a whole, there is a low production of goods for food and raw materials for industries. A major challenge facing Nigeria is the inability to capture the financial services requirements of farmers and agribusiness owners who constitute about 70 percent of the population. Farmers need access to capital to purchase land and equipment and to invest in the development of new products, services, production technologies and marketing strategies. Yet banks are often reluctant to lend money to farmers for agricultural enterprises due to the lack of creditability and collateral.

Therefore there is need for a research in order to effect necessary changes because activities of the monetary authorities through monetary policy affect the financial institutions and credit availability to the agricultural sector in no small measure this will further affect agricultural Read More

Agriculture › Cassava Processing And Marketing Options For Sustainable Agricultural Developmen by fproject(op): 7:29am On Oct 16, 2017

CASSAVA PROCESSING AND MARKETING OPTIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN ENUGU STATE. source: www.projectng.com
INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Recognizing Nigeria’s tremendous Agricultural potentials, the government has accepted the view that the country should resolve to make agriculture the main source of living of the economy and to Enugu state. Agricultural development has to with the increase of the agricultural productivity to be able to generate substantial surpluses.

The issues of surpluses lead to the issue of marketing because when they engage in large production, and then there will be surpluses left out.

Production of surpluses should occur simultaneously with adequate processing and store it and make sure that the surpluses are waste.

We find out that the surpluses, if they are not appropriately processed, it may bring about increase in the harvest losses which reduces the productivity and income in the agricultural sector (RUSEP 2002).

Nigeria is currently the largest cassava producer in the world with estimated annual production of about 40 million metric tones. About 90% of this is however, consumed as food. Cassava is next to petroleum as major contributor to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The presidential initiative on cassava has set in motion the process of achieving on annual basis 5 billion dollars from export of cassava. This plan also involves building of the domestic productive capacity to an efficiently, profitable and sustainable satisfaction to the new market demand with the quality and quantity required to realize the objective. One of the strategies put in place to realize this noble objective is the establishment of 6-farmgate primary processing centers. However, lack of funds to procure essential processing machinery and equipment, which will create increase demand for cassava product, has been a problem.

Evidence has shown that cassava production has been increased from 1999 to date. (FMARD) 2004, However, post harvest system such as processing, packaging, marketing storage distribution and transportation have constrained sustainable cassava production in recent times. This has resulted into substantial losses, which complicate food insecurity status in terms of available calorie dietary consumption. Studies have shown that efficient marketing system stimulates agricultural production (Waurika and Ikpi 2005: Adesope et al, 2005).

However, marketing of cassava in Nigeria especially in Enugu state has been characterized with a lot of deficiencies. These deficiencies have constrained sustainable agricultural development in one way or the other. In Nigeria, several policy studies have been commissioned to identify potential contributions of agricultural marketing policy to agricultural development, these studies, however, failed to incorporate strategies for combating perennial constraints to effective and efficient food marketing in Nigeria.

Since sustainable food policy issues and options require different strategies for both domestic and international markets and different strategies for minimizing the problems confronting cassava marketing, it is important to identify strategies for minimizing constraints to food at the different levels, as well as incorporation of these strategies into food marketing policy framework. This study, therefore, investigated effectiveness of cassava marketing policy and its contribution to agricultural sector development in Nigeria, Enugu state in particular, the policy design and its potential contributions to agricultural development in Nigeria.

We have various sectors that will be discussed: problems associated with agricultural marketing in Nigeria and in Enugu particular, the potential
Read More

Educational Services › The Role Of Library In Teaching Social Studies In Secondary Schools by fproject(op): 9:47am On Oct 14, 2017

The role of library in teaching social studies in secondary schools. source: www.projectng.com
CHAPTER 1

1. O INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY

Education is the life wire of any nation. It is the catalyst that propels both economic and social development. This explains why nations as well as individuals lay so much emphasis on the intellectual development of individuals. No individual or group of individual has ever disagreed on the efficacy of education in solving societal problem. Everybody all agrees that education is the panacea for the eradication of ignorance and poverty.

In the same vein (Babalola (2005:130) noted that education is one of the major elements that influence economic growth. It inculcates skills which are useful in the productive process of

(extractive, manufacturing, engineering, construction and commercial services). Second, education provides knowledge of law, since, medicine, arts, philosophy and mathematics.

Third, education provides job ethics and attitudes towards production of goods and services. Finally, education produces dynamic and creative human resources.

Having seen the importance of education in our society, the question is what kind of education will help Nigerians attain to a greater height? Shall we continue to adhere to an education that is too passive and rote oriented? Nigerians have reached a stage that they need an advanced education system which will help to empower, enlighten and rebrand them. COIP4C educative approach will address this issue.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Nigerian education system is in shambles because of lack of reasoning in the curriculum and this has destabilized the nation’s economic and social progress. The P4C method, if applied will help to remedy the drastic situation encountered in social studies education.

There are two main phases to the problems of Nigerian education system.

These are:

Problem of what to teach

How to teach

1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

The purpose of the study is to enlighten Nigerians on the need to change to an innovative and effective system of education and there reflective method meets the entire requirement for moving Nigerian educational system forward.

This research study aims among other things:

i. To do a survey on Nigeria's education system with a view to finding out how the pedagogical conventional method of education has affected the teaching and learning of social studies in Nigeria.

ii. To show evidence of misplaced priorities in approach to educational issue in Nigeria.

iii. To evaluate the teaching profession with a view to finding a lasting solution to the problems confronting the teaching profession, e.g. the Issues of falling standard of education; poor academic performance/ achievement of pupils/ students; teachers incessant strikes and cultism in our schools.

iv. To see that the child as the center of education is given its rightful place in the education process.

v. To point out and place the right values to our education system.

vi. To show how the learner centred educational approach could be used to address the socio-economic, political and cultural issues that affect education in Nigeria.

1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The study is important in that it will enlighten Nigerians on how to think critically, creatively, caringly and collaboratively in all ramifications of life.

The importance of this study is that the outcome of the inquiry will be useful in:

1. Addressing the Issue of academic backwardness of students in social studies class.

2. It will address the problems of lack of motivation for the teachers and the taught in social studies class.

3. It will address the problem of placing much emphasis on rote learning and memorization which does not elicit thinking in the learner.

4. The study is like a roadmap showing/directing our course objectives in social studies class.

5. The study will provide a format for redesigning Read More...

Project Topics sorted by Departments. Simply select your department, choose from our list of topics available and fill in your data to download
Free Accounting Projects and Materials
Free Agric Engineering Projects and Materials
Free Agriculture Projects and Materials
Free Architecture Projects and Materials
Free Banking And Finance Projects and Materials
Free Bio-Chemistry Projects and Materials
Free Biology Projects and Materials
Free Building Technology Projects and Materials
Free Business Administration & Management Projects and Materials
Free Chemical Engineering Projects and Materials
Free Chemistry Projects and Materials
Free Civil Engineering Projects and Materials
Free Co-operative And Rural Development Projects and Materials
Free Computer Engineering Projects and Materials
Free Computer Science Projects and Materials
Free Cooperative Economics Projects and Materials
Free Economics Projects and Materials
Free Education Projects and Materials
Free Electrical/Electronic Engineering Projects and Materials
Free English Projects and Materials
Free Entrepreneurial & Business Management Projects and Materials
Free Estate Management Projects and Materials
Free Fine And Applied Arts Projects and Materials
Free Food Technology Projects and Materials
Free Home And Rural Economics Projects and Materials
Free Hospitality Management And Technology Projects and Materials
Free Industrial Chemistry Projects and Materials
Free Industrial Relation & Personnel Management Projects and Materials
Free Insurance Projects and Materials
Free International And Diplomatic Studies Projects and Materials
Free Law Projects and Materials
Free Library And Information Science Projects and Materials
Free Marketing Projects and Materials
Free Mass Communication Projects and Materials
Free Mechanical Engineering Projects and Materials
Free Medical And Health Science Projects and Materials
Free Microbiology Projects and Materials
Free Nursing Science Projects and Materials
Free Office Technology & Management Projects and Materials
Free Pharmacy Projects and Materials
Free Philosophy Projects and Materials
Free Political Science Projects and Materials
Free Printing Technology Projects and Materials
Free Psychology Projects and Materials
Free Public Administration Projects and Materials
Free Purchasing And Supply Projects and Materials
Free Quantity Surveyor Projects and Materials
Free Science Lab Technology Projects and Materials
Free Secretarial Administration Projects and Materials
Free Seminars Projects and Materials
Free Sociology Projects and Materials
Free Staff Development And Distance Education Projects and Materials
Free Statistic Projects and Materials
Free Urban And Regional Planning Projects and Materials

Educational Services › Internal Control System As A Means Of Preventing Fraud In Nigeria Financial Inst by fproject(op): 6:03am On Oct 10, 2017

Internal Control System As A Means Of Preventing Fraud In Nigeria Financial Institution. Source www.projectng.com
ABSTRACT

This research work was the internal control system as a means preventing fraud in Nigeria financial institution. The study was necessary because of the increasing wave of financial fraud in Nigeria in resent time as reported by the Niger dailies. Therefore the need to investigate these reports and if confirmed, a financial institution and to what extent the application of an effective internal control system can go to help matter. All aspect of this work is very relevant in one way or the other to the Nigeria financing industries, as a whole, and for those who may be interested in carrying out further study in this topic. Also data were collected through primary and secondary sources, the primary and secondary serious, the primary source of data are mainly through personal interview and of questionnaires while the secondary include Books, Newspapers, magazines. From my financial it was ascertained that financial institution have the best internal control system in Nigeria. The internal system is both adequate and effective, although more operating improvement and review vital. The management of the financial institution should be at alert so as to chose any loophole that may arise in their internal control system. Also, it was discovered that the major cause of fraud is the employment of dishonest staff. Therefore staff quality like integrity should be ascertained before employment. The should be an increased enlighten on the legal implications of fraud among other.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page i

Approval page ii

Dedication iii

Acknowledgement iv

Abstract v

Table of contents vi

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 Introduction 1

1.1 Background of the Study 1

1.2 Statement of the Problems 5

1.3 Purpose of the Study 8

1.4 Research Question 9

1.5 Research Hypothesis 10

1.6 Scope of the Study 12

1.7 Limitation of the Study 12

1.8 Significance of the Study 13

1.9 Definition of Terms 14

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Review of Related Literature 17

2.1 Definition of Fraud 19

2.2 Types and Causes of Financial Institution 20

2.3 Concept and Definition of Internal Control system 27

2.4 Types of controls 37

2.5 Internal control system in Financial 43

References/Note 52

CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

3.1 Research Design 55

3.2 Area of the study 56

3.3 Population of the study 57

3.4 Sample size determination 58

3.5 Research instrumentation 59

3.6 Validity 60

3.7 Reliability 62

3.8 Source of data 62

3.9 Analysis Techniques 64

References 65

CHAPTER FOUR

4.1 Data Presentation and Analysis 66

4.2 Test of Hypothesis 71

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0 Summary of findings, conclusion and Recommendation 80

5.1 Findings 80

5.2 Conclusion 80

5.3 Recommendation 82

Bibliography/Reference

Appendix I

Appendix II

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

It is feared that the inability of management to ensure effective enforcement to rules and regulation have rendered that operation of internal control system s the Banking industry open to abuse. The net effect could be that every one carries out his schedule off duties in any manner he likes which consequently gives those wishing to commit fraud their long expected golden opportunity.

Prior to 1952, there was no form of Banking art or ordinance to regulate the establishment and operations of Commercial Banks or a Central Banks to supervise the control of Banking Nigerian. During that time many Banks was registered some of which never operated and even since that period, fraud has remained a permanent feature in out Banking industry. This resulted in the loss of faith and trust in the financial institutions by Nigeria and consequently, under-development of the banking habit in the country.

However with the introduction of the first banking ordinance in 1952, and the central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Act in 1959 and other subsequent Acts and ordinances with their amendments over the years, used to regulate and control the activities and operations of financial institutions in the country, fraud in financial institution have rather increased in magnitude and the methods used to perpetrate them acquire greater sophistication day after day. Now with the introduction of modern procedures and advancement in information technology such as those in communication system, automatic electric gadgets and computer into the banking system coupled with the various precautionary measures taken by bank agent, fraud have rather taken nuclear dimensions and the size of sums involved increased at a geometric rate and also with the held of Anipkitan (1976) a banker of repute, I Ashimi (1976, p6) a banker of prudent, Ughamadu N. (1991) observed to be liable in its banking sector and be very porous to fraud and many others who have contributed to maintain a prudently measured to the ascertainment of financial banking assets and liabilities.

Consequently, the confirmed existence of financial institutions rests delicately on the maintains of public confidence. This calls for the establishment of an effective system of internal control which among other things will help to ensure that the laid down procedures standard and statuary requirement.

To establish a sound internal control system various organization adopt scope of their operations. Internal control system requires a continues check and rechecking of day-to-day activities of the business in order to ensure the correctness and firmness of the accounting records, and to detect and expose any deviation when it has accord. Most financial institutions loose confidence of the people not only through fraudulent use of funds but also through some detect infraudulent practices and or syndication of some dishonest staff facilitated by defects in the Bank internal control system. There is therefore a great need to climate or minimize the defects loopholes and make money effective and operational to quard against the occurrence and re-occurrence of fraud in our financial Read More..

Educational Services › Building Technology Project Topics by fproject(op): 11:17pm On Oct 01, 2017

1 2 (of 2 pages)