₦airaland Forum

Today, after 12 years, 17 Governors from the Southern part of the country are meeting in Lagos, Nigeria.

If Buhari didn't win in 2015, we would have thought by now
that Nigeria would have been like London.

Thank God he won for everyone to know that he can't perform
magic.

Buhari said he does not know anything called subsidy. You
clapped.

He later paid subsidy. You clapped again.
He said he would never devalue the Naira. You clapped.
He devalued the Naira. You clapped.

He said he will make N1 equals to $1. You clapped.
$1 is officially equal N360. You are still clapping.
He said he will make petrol price to N40, you clapped,
Now petrol price is N145, you clapped and do protest in
support.

He said he would turn all presidential jets to national carrier.
You clapped.

Today, he and his family are cruising on all presidential jets.
You are clapping.
He said he would build one new refinery each year. You
clapped.

Its getting to three years, no refinery has been built. You are
still clapping.

When he cancelled Military road blocks, you clapped.
When he asked them to go back, you clapped.
When PMB promise to end medical tourism, you clapped.
When he spent months in UK hospital and allowed local
doctors on strike, you clapped.

APC apologists and co. Do you still think Buhari has integrity.

Vivere:
So why don't you say it out loud? Is it not better to be upfront about your intentions? Many of you already know in your mind that you can never marry outside your tribe, so why even bother dating girls from other ethnic groups in the first place?

my dear, be truthful to ur, the first girl u dated is she the one u are married to. and what is the shout about one Nigeria when we can not date/ marry each other

Vivere:
Thank you jare. They are good at accusing others, of what they themselves are guilty of.

u are wrong dear, yoruba don't date Igbo men, even if they do, she is just dating him because he has money, I know what am saying because I live in Yoruba land.

philkay:
Same in Igboland

I'm Yoruba living in Enugu

you are right dear, but the problem is that we don't say it out just the way your women do say theirs. and mind u not all Igbo guys want to eat and run

I don't really understand the Yoruba tribe, they say they Loving and accommodating tribe but when u ask their females if they will marry an Igbo man 99.9 percent will say God forbid. so my question to the Yoruba females in this forum is. why do u girls hate to marry/date an Igbo guys and u are always quick to say say it without thinking twice.

i

I was going to cry when I read this speech from the prime
minister of Israel Benjamin Netanyahu, but at the end I say
glory to God.

Let's read together
Mr. Nethanyahu said:
Only 70 years ago! The Jews were taken to slaughter like
sheep.

> 60 years ago!
> no country. No Army.
Seven Arab countries declared war on the small Jewish state,
only a few hours after its creation!
> we were 650 Jews against the rest of the Arab world!
NO IDF (Israel Defense Army).

No powerful air force, only brave people with nowhere to go.
> Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, Jordan, Egypt, Libya, Saudi Arabia
> all attacked at the same time.
> the country that the United Nations gave us was a 65 %
desert.

> the country is out of nowhere!
> 35 years ago! We fought the three armies most
> Powerful in the middle east, and we swept them in six days.
We fought against various coalitions of Arab countries, which
had modern armies and many Soviet weapons, and we have
always beaten them!
Today we have:

> a country,
> an army,
> a powerful air force,
> A State-of-the-Art Economy, which exports millions of
dollars.

> Intel - Microsoft - ibm develops products at home.
> our doctors receive awards for medical research.
> we make the desert bloom, and sell oranges, flowers and
vegetables all over the world.
> Israel has sent its own satellites into space!
> three satellites at the same time!
> We are proud to be at the same rank as:
> The United States, which has 250 million inhabitants,
> Russia, which has 200 million inhabitants,
> China, which has 1.3 billion inhabitants;
> Europeans - France, Great Britain, Germany - with 350
million inhabitants.

> the only countries in the world to send objects into space!
> Israel is now part of the family of the nuclear powers,
> with the United States, Russia, China, India, France, and
> Great Britain.

> (we have never officially admitted it, but everyone knows it)
> and say that only 60 years ago,
> we were LED, ashamed and hopeless, to slaughter!
> we have extirpés the smoking ruins of Europe,
> we have won our wars here with less than nothing
> we built our little "Empire" from nothing.
Who's Hamas to scare me?
> to terrify me?
> you make me laugh!
> Passover was celebrated;
> Let's not forget what this is about.
> we survived Pharaoh,
> we survived the Greeks,
> we survived the Romans,
> we survived the inquisition in Spain,
> we have the pogroms in Russia,
> we survived Hitler,
> we survived the Germans,
> we survived the Holocaust,
> we survived the armies of seven Arab countries,
> we survived saddam.
> we will survive the enemies present
Think of any time in human history!
Think about it, for us, the Jewish people,
> the situation has never been better!
> then let's face the world,

Let us remember:

> all nations or cultures
> who once tried to destroy us,
> no longer exist today - while we still live!
> Egypt?
> the Greeks?
> Alexander of Macedonia?
> the Romans? (does anyone still speak Latin these days? )
> The Third Reich?
> and look at us,
> The Bible Nation,
> The slaves of Egypt,
> We are still here,
And we speak the same language!
> then, and now!
> Arabs don't know yet,
> but they will learn that there is a God.
> as long as we keep our identity, we are forever.
So forgive us for not worrying,
> not to cry,
> not to be afraid.
> things are fine here.
> they could certainly get better,

However:

> Don't believe the media,
> they don't tell you
> parties continue to take place,
> people continue to live,
> people keep coming out,
> people continue to see friends.
Yes, our morale is low.

> so what?
Only because we mourn our deaths while others rejoice in the
blood shed.
> that is why we will win, in the end.
Never sleep or sleep the guardian of Israel! Yahweh God of
Abraham, Isaac and Jacob.
Forward this speech to the whole community,
> and to people around the world.
> they are part of our strength

Forty-four years since the October war in
1973, Israel still occupies Palestinian
territories and Syrian Golan Heights.

To catch Israel off guard, the Egyptians and Syrians decided to launch an attack on the Yom Kippur religious holiday [Getty images]


It has been 44 years since the start of the 1973
War between Israel , Egypt and Syria.
The war, known to Israelis as the Yom Kippur
War, ushered in a new reality in the Arab world
and changed the face of US foreign policy
towards the Middle East .

Here's a breakdown of what happened:
Why did the three countries go to war?
The conditions that shaped the 1973 War were
established six years prior.
In 1967, Egypt , Jordan, Syria engaged in six
days of battle against Israel that resulted in the
Israeli occupation of what remained of historic
Palestine, as well as the Egyptian Sinai desert,
and the Golan Heights from Syria. The event
came to be known as the June War.
In a matter of six days, the Israeli army
delivered a huge setback to the forces of three
Arab countries and gained territory that was
three and a half times its size.

The territories that Israel occupied in 1967, shaded in Green.
Fast-forward six years, Egypt and Syria decided
to launch a two-front coordinated attack to
regain the territory they lost in 1967.
In the background, the politics of the Cold War
between the Soviets - who supplied the Arab
countries with weapons - and the US - which
backed Israel - played out and inflamed the war,
bringing the two blocs to the brink of military
conflict for the first time since the 1962 Cuban
Missile Crisis.

Under Egyptian and Syrian former presidents
Anwar Sadat and Hafez al-Assad, the two Arab
nations concluded a secret agreement in
January 1973 to unify their armies under one
command.

How did the war unfold?
To catch Israel off guard, the Egyptians and
Syrians decided to launch an attack on the Yom
Kippur religious holiday, the only day in the
year in which there are no radio or television
broadcasts, shops close and transportation shuts
down as part of religious observations.
The holiday fell on Saturday, October 6, 1973,
and just after 2pm, the Egyptian and Syrian
armies, with advanced Soviet weapons,
launched a two-front offensive on Israel, from
the north and the south.

Under "Operation Badr" the Egyptian military
forces managed to cross the Suez Canal and
capture the Bar Lev Line - a fortified sand wall
on the east bank of the canal.
This initial military success, which came to be
known to Egyptians as "the crossing," served as
a sign of victory after 25 years of defeat.
WATCH: The War in October (47:41)
On the northern front line, Syrian tanks
penetrated Israeli positions and swept across
the Golan Heights.

The Israeli losses were heavy, much of the
territory had been retrieved, and the course of
the war seemed to lay squarely within Arab
hands.

Within the first two days, the Israeli army
formulated a new strategy and went on the
offensive, deciding first to tackle the Syrians in
the north. As a result, units from the Iraqi,
Saudi and Jordanian armies joined the fight on
the Syrian front to face the counterattack.
Both the USSR and the Americans began
airlifting arms, including tanks and artillery, to
their allies as their stockpiles began to ran out.
On October 16, 10 days after the start of the
war, Israeli forces, under the command of Ariel
Sharon, managed to penetrate Egyptian and
Syrian defence lines and came within a
shocking distance from Cairo, the Egyptian
capital city.

The counterattack majorly turned the tide of the
war in favour of the Israelis, and the fighting
came to a stalemate.

On October 17, the Arabs decided to use a
different tactic - oil. The Arab oil-producing
countries, under the Organisation of Petroleum
Exporting Countries (OPEC), decided to reduce
their oil production by five percent.
They pledged to "maintain the same rate of
reduction each month thereafter until the Israeli
forces are fully withdrawn from all Arab
territories occupied during the June 1967 War,
and the legitimate rights of the Palestinian
people are restored".

The Arab countries enforced an embargo on the
US, suspending oil supply.
The reduction in oil production and supply led
to major price hikes around the world, causing
the US to reassess its support for the war.
Diplomatic track

By the last week of October, the two sides were
ready and willing to accept a ceasefire deal.
Estimates put the number of Israeli soldiers
killed at 2,600 and 8,800 wounded, significantly
larger in proportion compared with the Israeli
population at the time, while Egypt was
reported to have lost 7,700 men and Syria some
3,500.

On October 22, the UN Security Council passed
Resolution 338, which called for a ceasefire and
reaffirmed Resolution 242 passed in 1967, which
called on Israel to withdraw from the territories
it occupied in 1967.

The US then began intensive diplomatic efforts
to secure disengagement agreements between
Israel, Syria and Egypt, and offered them
millions of dollars to reach such deals.
By May 1974, agreements were struck between
the three countries. Egypt and Syria regained a
portion of their territory and UN buffer zones
were established between them and Israel.
Aftermath of the war

Both the Arabs and Israel declared victory in
the war. The Arab countries managed to salvage
their dignity after repeated losses in the 1948,
1956 and 1967 wars with Israel.
Within four years, in 1977, Sadat was in
Jerusalem giving a speech of peace to the Israeli
parliament, the Knesset.

Then US President Jimmy Carter invited both
Sadat and former Israeli Prime Minister
Menachem Begin to Camp David, a country
retreat for the US president near Washington,
DC.

The three leaders engaged in secret discussions
over 13 days, leading to the signing of the Camp
David Accords on September 17, 1978, which
laid out conditions for an Egyptian-Israeli peace
treaty, and a framework for Israeli-Palestinian
peace using Resolution 242.

While the Egyptian-Israeli peace treaty was
signed by March 1979 in Washington, DC, the
framework never materialised for several
reasons, although both sides laid blame on one
another. The proposal was vague on the subject
of Palestinian refugees , and the key issue - the
status of Jerusalem.


To the Palestinians, Egypt had placed its own
interests first and put the Palestinian cause on
the backburner.
Jordan also signed a peace treaty with Israel in
1992, making Egypt and Jordan the only two
countries to have normalised relations with
Israel, which continues to occupy the West
Bank, East Jerusalem, Gaza, and a portion of the
Golan Heights to this day.

www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2017/10/arab-israeli-war-of-1973-what-happened-171005105247349.html

ElsonMorali:
How about I suggest you go back to school and finish up. The Yorubas are not your problem. "Trust" me.

lol, I just pity u.

babyfaceafrica:
is their any reason why sw will not vote for him?

u must be a Yoruba man. I don't need to give u reason. if u think there are a lot of reasons why southwest should vote him, then i will say no problem, good luck.

greatermax77:
If north foolishly allow Buhari to recontest, they would have shot themselves on the foot.
He will defintely die in office & his vice will take over.
Bear in mind, there is no way both president & vice will emerge fr north

my dear, this man has bad plan for Igbo people, he know Igbo people will not give him any vote, so he will want to stick with his south west supporter. after he must have destabilize the south east. so he could have a smooth sail.
and trust me the Yoruba people will always want to support him

my people don't u think buhari is planning to destabilize the east and by 2019, force them not to vote so he could have a smooth win with his Yoruba supporter, note never thrust the yoruba people. if am lying why the sudden war in the south east.

My mum says ALCOHOL, SEX and NIGHT CLUBS
are my ENEMIES.......
God says love your Enemies as yourself........
Please friends, should I obey mum or God
I'm so confused now and need your advice.

SEE ONE OF THE REASONS THINGS ARE NOT WORKING IN
NIGERIA When a friend posted this, I had to confirm it and I
was alarmed. I'm not even talking about age or
appearance. Take a look at their CVs. Wow! SMH! Profile of
Kenyan ICT Minister vs Nigerian ICT Minister KENYA Joseph
Mucheru MBS is the current Kenyan Cabinet Secretary in
the Ministry of Information and Communications. He is a
former Google Sub-Sahara Africa Lead based in the Google
Nairobi office. He was Google's first Sub-Saharan employee
and was key to setting up of Googles presence in Africa
from 2007. Before joining Google he worked at Wananchi
Online, a company he co-founded in 1999, in various roles
at the company including Chief Technology Officer and Chief
Executive Officer. He attended the Business Executive
Programme from Stanford University Graduate School of
Business in 2008. He holds a (B Sc. (Hons)) in Economics &
Computer Science from City University London. NIGERIA
Honorable Adebayo Shittu, he gained admission into
University of Ife, now Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife,
Osun south west, Nigeria in the year 1974. At the end of
1978, he had obtained his first degree in Law from the
same university. He ventured into politics at the age of
26yrs. In 1979,he became member of old Oyo House of
Assembly. In 1983, Barrister Shittu was elected as a
member of Oyo state, House Assembly in the second
republic. In 1983, the military government took over from
the civilian government and he retired into legal practice
and writing profession. He became a member of National
Political conference in 2005. In 2011, He withdrew his
gubernatorial ambition for the incumbent(2016) governor of
Oyo State, senator Ajimobi Abiola. Presently(2016),the
administration of President Buhari appointed him as the
substantive minister of communication in Nigeria. And if you
mention that the chairman of NCC is a trained lawyer in his
80s. In this information age, if you're Mark Zuckerberg, who
would you do business with?

SEE ONE OF THE REASONS THINGS ARE NOT WORKING IN NIGERIA When a friend posted this, I had to confirm it and I was alarmed. I'm not even talking about age or appearance. Take a look at their CVs. Wow! SMH! Profile of Kenyan ICT Minister vs Nigerian ICT Minister KENYA Joseph Mucheru MBS is the current Kenyan Cabinet Secretary in the Ministry of Information and Communications. He is a former Google Sub-Sahara Africa Lead based in the Google Nairobi office. He was Google's first Sub-Saharan employee and was key to setting up of Googles presence in Africa from 2007. Before joining Google he worked at Wananchi Online, a company he co-founded in 1999, in various roles at the company including Chief Technology Officer and Chief Executive Officer. He attended the Business Executive Programme from Stanford University Graduate School of Business in 2008. He holds a (B Sc. (Hons)) in Economics & Computer Science from City University London. NIGERIA Honorable Adebayo Shittu, he gained admission into University of Ife, now Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun south west, Nigeria in the year 1974. At the end of 1978, he had obtained his first degree in Law from the same university. He ventured into politics at the age of 26yrs. In 1979,he became member of old Oyo House of Assembly. In 1983, Barrister Shittu was elected as a member of Oyo state, House Assembly in the second republic. In 1983, the military government took over from the civilian government and he retired into legal practice and writing profession. He became a member of National Political conference in 2005. In 2011, He withdrew his gubernatorial ambition for the incumbent(2016) governor of Oyo State, senator Ajimobi Abiola. Presently(2016),the administration of President Buhari appointed him as the substantive minister of communication in Nigeria. And if you mention that the chairman of NCC is a trained lawyer in his 80s. In this information age, if you're Mark Zuckerberg, who would you do business with?

SEE ONE OF THE REASONS THINGS ARE NOT WORKING IN
NIGERIA
When a friend posted this, I had to confirm it and I was
alarmed.
I'm not even talking about age or appearance.
Take a look at their CVs. Wow! SMH!
Profile of Kenyan ICT Minister vs Nigerian ICT Minister
KENYA
Joseph Mucheru MBS is the current Kenyan Cabinet Secretary
in the Ministry of Information and Communications. He is a
former Google Sub-Sahara Africa Lead based in the Google
Nairobi office. He was Google's first Sub-Saharan employee
and was key to setting up of Googles presence in Africa from
2007.
Before joining Google he worked at Wananchi Online, a
company he co-founded in 1999, in various roles at the
company including Chief Technology Officer and Chief
Executive Officer.
He attended the Business Executive Programme from Stanford
University Graduate School of Business in 2008. He holds a (B
Sc. (Hons)) in Economics & Computer Science from City
University London.
NIGERIA
Honorable Adebayo Shittu, he gained admission into University
of Ife, now Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun south
west, Nigeria in the year 1974. At the end of 1978, he had
obtained his first degree in Law from the same university. He
ventured into politics at the age of 26yrs. In 1979,he became
member of old Oyo House of Assembly.
In 1983, Barrister Shittu was elected as a member of Oyo
state, House Assembly in the second republic. In 1983, the
military government took over from the civilian government
and he retired into legal practice and writing profession. He
became a member of National Political conference in 2005.
In 2011, He withdrew his gubernatorial ambition for the
incumbent(2016) governor of Oyo State, senator Ajimobi
Abiola. Presently(2016),the administration of President Buhari
appointed him as the substantive minister of communication
in Nigeria.
And if you mention that the chairman of NCC is a trained
lawyer in his 80s.
In this information age, if you're Mark Zuckerberg, who would
you do business with?

this post should be moved to front page please

The HIV cure found by a Nigerian doctor on 01/05/2015 has been approved today world wide 07/08/2017 after a meeting with the Nigerian ministry of health and expect from world health organization(who) he also said that the drug will be free to Nigeria citizens, The VC of Micheal okpara university also said that Ezeibe had equally presented the drug to his colleagues in the medical field and nobody had contradicted his finding. “Prof. Ezeibe is a researcher in Veterinary Medicine and one may wonder how he discovered a drug to cure a human ailment,” he said. He commended Ezeibe for the breakthrough, saying: “He has brought honour to the University and we are proud of him.” Otunta said that the university was in the process of mass producing the drug for further clinical trials on persons living with HIV/AIDS in the country. Ezeibe, who is a professor of Veterinary Medicine and Clinical Virology, said that the drug was produced with Aluminum Silicate and Magnesium Silicate (Synthetic Aluminum-Magnesium Silicate). He said that the two minerals “are already in use as medicines for the treatment of various animal and human diseases”. He said that 10 persons living with the disease, “who volunteered’’, were made to apply through their doctor to the VC. “They were treated daily with the Medicinal Synthetic Aluminum-Magnesium Silicate (50 mg/kg),” he said. Ezeibe said that the volunteers were subjected to monthly tests for viral loads and CD4-lymphocyte counts. “With the antiviral effects of the medicine, its ability to reach all cells (as nanoparticles) and the lymphocytes, there is no more hiding place (sanctuary) for HIV,” he said. He said that the medicine had been used to potentiate Ampicilin, Chloroquine, Piperazine and Sulphadimidin, among others, and could be a major foreign exchange earner for Nigeria, if approved by relevant authorities.

Firstly,this is not tribal hating,am not responsible for how
you interpret the article.

There are a few categories of people (NOT ALL) in
southwersten and northern Nigeria who always spearhead
the idea of igbos leaving SW and NORTH,you find them
virtually everywhere,both online/offline rushing to tell you
why igbos are in Lagos or Kano and why they should go,but
the SW is one region that will not let a day go buy without
reminding the igbos that they are not home. i will attempt to
use this article to identify them.

The jobless:

ominile and agbero,(online/offline)these ones will take
advantage of any crisis/riot to loot the shops of traders,a
typical yoruba who has secured a good job won't be
worried about igbos.

The loosers :

This group comprises of those who have sold their
lands,regretting and are wondering how it was possible they
didn't think of what the igboman has turned the land into
before selling the land,these groups are usually pained and
will seize the slightest opportunity to reclaim their lands.

The jealous :

these groups are not entirely poor,but just don't like the
idea that they have to pay rent to an Igboman in their own
land,or that an Igbo man owns a huge investment,they are
quick to generalize and call him or her a drug dealer,and all
sorts of character defamation techniques,to justify their
assertion.you can imagine what this group will do if the
opportunity to turn back the hands of time surfaces.

The lazy :

traders and touts make up this category.they don't like
competition,For example,while I was in ogun state,if you go
to the popular omida market or kuto market at Abeokuta,the
traders do not like to look for change,you buy something of
#50 and give #200,next thing you hear is "mi o ni
change"(you begin to wonder if #200 is that much).
But a typical Igbo man or woman will look for change,some
igbos don't even have shops but they always have all the
good you came to buy(oso-afia).that's the hustling spirit,no
need to be jealous


The insecure :

This group comprises of the politicians and low self
esteemed people,they are not happy with the idea that an
Igboman heads/represent a constituency,forgetting that a
great % of igbos make up Lagos,which was a former capital
and a very diverse state.these groups are worried about the
uncertainty of their future,with the presence of the igbos.
All these groups have one thing in common,they all scream
one nigeria when it suits them

I advice that if you fall into any of these categories,it's not
too late,spend more time on how you will also make
yours,instead of screaming igbos should leave SW and
NORTH

www.nairaland.com/3230221/chategories-people-dont-want-igbos

Igboland (Standard Igbo : Àlà Ị̀gbò ), also known as
Southeastern Nigeria, is the indigenous homeland of the
Igbo people .[3][4] :307 It is a non-governmental cultural and
common linguistic region in southern Nigeria .
Geographically, it is divided by the lower Niger River into
two unequal sections – an eastern (which is the larger of
the two) and a western section.[3][4] :307 It is characterised
by the diverse Igbo culture and the equally diverse Igbo
language .

Politically, Igboland is divided into several southern Nigerian
states . Culturally, it is divided into several subgroupings,
including the Anioma, Ngwa, Edda Egbebu, Ezaa, Ibeku,
Ohuhu , Omuma and the Ekpeye. William Balfour Baikie
remarked that "in Igbo[land] each person hails, as a sailor
would say, from the particular district where he was born,
but when away from home all are Igbos. And yet
considerable differences exist between different parts of this
extensive country, and the dialects spoken also vary
greatly."

Territorial boundaries
Igboland is surrounded on all sides by a host of large rivers,
and other southern and central Nigeria indigenous tribes
namely Bini, Urhobo-Isoko , Ijaw , Ogoni, Igala , Tiv, Yako,
Idoma and Ibibio. [3] In the words of William B. Baikie, "Igbo
homeland, extends east and west, from the Old Kalabar
river to the banks of the Kwora, Niger River , and possesses
also some territory at Aboh , an Igbo clan, to the west-ward
of the latter stream. On the north it borders on Igara, Igala
and A'kpoto, and it is separated from the sea only by petty
tribes, all of which trace their origin to this greate race..

It is primarily situated in the Lowland forest region of
Nigeria, with parts in the Niger-Delta, where the Niger river
fans out into the Atlantic Ocean in a vast network of creeks
and mangrove swamps on the Bight of Bonny .[5]
The earliest found settlements in Igboland date back to
4500 BC in the central area, from where the majority of the
Igbo-speaking population is believed to have migrated. The
northern Igbo Kingdom of Nri , which rose around the 10th
century AD, is credited with the foundation of much of
Igboland's culture, customs, and religious practices. It is
the oldest existing monarchy in present-day Nigeria. In
southern Igboland several groups developed, of which the
most notable was the Aro confederacy. Igboland was part
of the Southern Nigeria Protectorate of the British Empire
and was amalgamated into modern-day Nigeria in 1914; the
nation gained independence in 1960. [3] Shortly afterwards
Igboland was involved in its biggest war during Biafra's
movement for secession , which eventually ended in 1970
when this area rejoined Nigeria.
Ancient trade routes

Igboland's culture has been shaped primarily by its
rainforest climate, its ancient trade, migration, and social
history within its various clans and peoples, and with its
ancient trading neighbours, allies and lately with
Europeans. [3] Mr W. B. Baikie said, "I seized the moment,
and, by our interpreter, told Tshukuma, that we had come
to make his acquaintance and his friendship, and to
ascertain if the people were willing to trade with us", whilst
signing a trade agreement with Igbo chief, Mr Tshukuma
(Chukwuma) Obi from Aboh clan, who were one of the
leading Igbo clans, engaged in early active trading with
Europe .[4] :45 Similarly, "after our salutations, I spoke of
friendship, of trade, and of education, and particularly
enlarged upon the evils of war, and the benefits of peace, all
of which was well received", remarked William B. Balkie
when signing a trade agreement with Igbo chief, Ezebogo in
Asaba on August 30, 1885. [4] :296
Due to the native common linguistic standard and
interrelated cultures in Igboland, pre-dating the arrival of
Europeans, the lower Niger River , which divides Igboland
into unequal eastern and western parts, has from ancient
times continued to provide easy means of communication,
trading and unity amongst Igbos on both sides of the Niger
River ,[4] :300 as well as promoted ancient trade and
migration of people into Igboland, and between Igboland
and rest of the world. [3] Some of the notable ancient trade
and export routes in Igboland included the famous lower
Niger and Njaba- Oguta lake -Orashi navigational routes via
Asaba - Onitsha -Aboh ,[4] :315 [6] and Awo-omamma -Oguta -
Ogba–Egbema–Ndoni - Aboh ferry services respectively. [4]
:300 [7]
History

Pre-history (6000–3000 BC)

Early settlement of Igboland dates back to 6000 BC based
on early pottery work found in the Okigwe, Oka Igwe, and
known today as Awka. Some local Villagers retains the
Original name, like Umuzuoka, The Blacksmiths Ezioka,
Okigwe, Imoka, etc.Oka ,igwe - Nsukka axis. [8] There is,
however, evidence of Palaeolithic man settling in southern
Nigeria from at least 10,000 years ago. Much of the pottery
excavated by a team led by Thurstan Shaw with the
University of Nigeria at Nsukka in 1978 uncovered a rock
quarry which was a mine for tool and pottery making for a
'stone civilisation' nearby at Ibagwa . Anthropologists at the
University of Benin discovered fossils and use of monoliths
dating back to 6000 BC at Ugwelle-Uturu in the Okigwe
area. Further evidence of ancient settlements were
uncovered at a hypothesised Nsukka metal cultural area
from 3000 BC and later settlements attributed to Ngwa
culture at AD 8-18.

Ancient history (3000 BC–AD 300)

The Nsukka-Okigwe axis forms as a basis for a proposed
Proto-Igbo cultural heartland antecedent to contemporary
Igbo culture. It is unclear what cultural links there are
between these pre-historic artefacts and today. Later
human settlement in the region may have links with other
discoveries made in the wider area particularly with the
culture associated with the terracotta discoveries based at
Nok spanning a wide area about north-central Nigeria.
Much of the Igbo population is believed to have migrated
from a smaller area in this region, starting several
independent Igbo-speaking tribes, village-groups, kingdoms
and states. The movements were generally broken into two
trends in migration: a more northerly spread group towards
the banks of the Niger and the upper quadrant of the Cross
River; the other, following a southerly trail had mostly risen
from the Isu populations based nearer the axis from which
the majority of southern Igbo communities were populated.
Mbaise are notably the best examples of an Igbo group
claiming autochthony and rejecting many migratory histories
about their origins, many of these groups either way are
evidently culturally northern or southern Igbo based on the
proximity of their traditions to those of their neighbours and,
many times, familial and political ties.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igboland

so much price to pay for one Nigeria

Late literary giant, Prof. Isidore Okpewho, and the front
cover of his famous novel “The Last D
Gone but not forgotten. In death, Professor Isidore
Okpewho, the giant of African oral literature and one of
Nigeria’s foremost scholars, continues to be celebrated.
Recently at the prestigious University of Yale in
Connecticut, USA academic protégés of the departed
guru, who passed away on September 4, 2016, gathered
together as part of the annual conference of the African
Literature Association (ALA) for a special roundtable to
honour Okpewho.

The special ALA session celebrated Okpewho’s compelling
scholarship and award-winning creative writing.
Present at the event convened by Prof. Adeleke Adeowo
were students of the award-winning writer including
Kunle George of Brown University; Marame Gueye of East
Carolina University; Chiji Chiji Akọma of Villanova
University, and Nduka Otiono.

Regrettably missing due to unavoidable circumstance was
Prof. Carole Boyce-Davies, Okpewho's colleague and
collaborator at the University of Binghamton, currently of
Cornell University.

It was, indeed, a memorable encounter enlivened by
passionate interventions from Prof. Smith, Prof. Afam
Ebeogu, and Prof. Teju Olaniyan, among others in the
audience.

Okpewho was the prolific author of about 14 remarkable
books, dozens of seminal articles, some poetry, and a
ground-breaking booklet, “A Portrait of the Artist as a
Scholar”.
He also wrote a War-time hit novel based on the Nigerian
Civil War, The Last Duty.

Meanwhile, sister of the late Okpewho narrated to News
Express, how Prof. Okpewho was almost killed in the
days leading to the Nigerian Civil War, when Igbos were
being targeted by forces sympathetic to the Federal
Government.

Mrs. Winifred Kanwulia Dafe (nee Okpewho) said: “My
brother was on a flight returning from one of his
academic trips from London in 1966 just before the war
broke out. At that time, talks of Biafra’s secession from
Nigeria had reached a boiling point and Igbo people were
being killed indiscriminately in the north and by misguided
federal loyalists in different non-Igbo parts of the country.
“He was discussing with someone whom he got
acquainted with in the plane and they were conversing in
Igbo. Our mother was Igbo from Asaba and we grew up
there. But our dad was Urhobo from Abraka in Delta
State. Unbeknownst to my brother and his acquaintant
there were some soldiers behind them.

“Immediately they disembarked from the plane, one of the
soldiers accosted them and they were taken to different
unknown destinations. Finding himself in a room with the
soldiers, Okpewho was accused of speaking Igbo and the
soldiers threatened to deal with him for being Igbo. He
explained to them that he was actually an Urhobo who
grew up in the Igbo land.”
It became a drama of some sorts when the soldiers
asked Okpewho to speak Urhobo.

“He told them that he couldn’t speak much Urhobo
having not lived there for lengthy periods. He managed
some few Urhobo sentences and mentioned his actual
village and quarters in Abraka, Urhobo land. After some
debate among themselves, the stern gun-wielding
soldiers reluctantly gave him the benefit of the doubt and
let him leave. Isidore wasn’t sure whether his friend with
whom he spoke Igbo on the flight returned alive after
being whisked away by the soldiers as he never saw or
heard from him again,” Mrs. Dafe said.

I love this

"Igbos were allowed to establish businesses and live in other
parts of Nigeria peacefully. However, they deny other tribes
from simple owning shops in ALL EASTERN MARKETS! Yes! I
have gone to 11 eastern states market for ethnic survey. And
no single shop is or was allocated to non Igbo. Please if there
is one market with non Igbo, please mention" - Ahmed Gume

How many shops do Hausa or Yoruba people own in
Cameroon, Ghana, Togo, Jos, Calabar, Jalingo, Yenogoa,
Ogoniland, South Africa, Malawi, Sierra-Leone. Gabon UK,
United States, Japan, Singapore, Malaysia, Hong-kong,
Thailand, Indonesia, Germany, China, Taiwan, South Korea,
India and countless other countries all over the world. Those
are not Igbo areas after all. Perhaps, they deny you shops like
the Igbo did. In all this country, Igbos own shops and do
business in those countries.

You people are confirmed lazy people and liars. If you can't
compete on your own land, how are you going to do that in
Igboland or neutral ground?

Every Igbo city has a place exclusively for Hausa. of course
you know Hausa don't like to mix up with other tribes. What
they end up is always dirty tables and benches and beggars
and under age Hausa girls prostitution. The only good
business they do in the east is money exchange and cattle
business which they control in every Igbo city; 100% fact. Go
to Owerri, Umuahia, Enugu, Awka. Nnewi. Aba etc.

Igbos don't wait for allocated shop, we buy them from lazy
Hausas who always get the allocation. We buy import licence
from them too, because they don't know what to do with
them. Only quota system worthless person will wait for
allocation before he starts business.

How many shops do Hausas have in Lagos and other south
west states? or do the Yoruba deny them shops too? Can you
compare the number of shops and markets owned by Hausas
in Yoruba land to the number owned by the Igbos?

Igbos rent shops from the landlords. Igbos Buy lands from the
host to build shops. Igbos buy land from their host to build
markets. Igbos don't wait for shop or land allocations to start
up their businesses.

How many markets has the Hausa built in Lagos? None. How
many markets has the Yoruba build in the north? None or do
the Hausa and the Yoruba deny selling land to one another
too, like the Igbos denied them?

But Igbo have used their money to buy lands from south west
and north and build many markets that helps to develop their
regions.

To be honest, not every Igbo traders in south west or north
can compete with the traders in the east. The traders in the
east are real genius in trading. They are wizard in buying and
selling more than those igbos traders in the west and north.
You have to first compete with the Igbo traders in your own
territory before you think of competing with them in their own
territory

makarfi will win, sheriff will hand over. I saw it in my dream today before I saw this news

Fellow Nigerians don't you think that this latest discovering of stolen money is well scripted drama to keep us
entertained and preoccupied, and trying to make us
forget about the failure of president Buhari government in delivering the dividend of democracy to Nigerians. the simply question we should as this government is

Who owns those money, how did they discover the money without knowing the owner.

for me, this government has achieved nothing. but am so so surprise to see educated people still supporting this government. the annoying part is that buhari still blame the previous government even when his government is more than two years. so if we don't get the positive changes now when are going to.