₦airaland Forum

**INDUSTRY SERMON* *
_Episode 1_
by
*Olajengbesi OS*

*The Fan Block*

We believe that all fans are valuable – whether they’re day-one diehards, rising enthusiasts, or even likely listeners study as shown that any of these categories could be your next biggest fans.

Thus, you should add style of reaching out to them to help you reach the right listeners at the right moment.

And once they're fans, build deeper connections by inviting them to the show (keep your contact listings up-to-date with our craft integration) and giving them cool new ways to share your music and craft with the world.

Some of the ways to archive this include

1. **Social Media Presence:** Regularly post updates on various social media platforms about your work, behind-the-scenes content, and personal stories. This keeps your audience informed and creates a personal connection.

2. **Email Newsletters:** Collect email addresses at your shows, exhibitions, or online, and send out periodic newsletters. These can include updates on your latest projects, upcoming events, and exclusive content for subscribers.

3. **Interactive Content:** Create interactive content such as live streams, Q&A sessions, polls, and contests that encourage audience participation.

5. **Exclusive Releases:** Offer exclusive content to your most dedicated fans. This could be early access to new work, limited edition merchandise, or exclusive behind-the-scene content.

7. **Personal Stories and Experiences:** Share your personal journey, struggles, and successes. This humanizes you to your audience and can foster a deeper emotional connection.

8. **Feedback and Engagement:** Actively seek feedback from your audience and engage with their comments and messages. Showing that you value their opinions can strengthen your relationship with them.

9. **Regular Updates:** Maintain a regular schedule for updates, whether it's for social media posts, newsletters, or new content releases. Consistency keeps your audience engaged and looking forward to your next update.

10. **Events and Meet-ups:** Organize or participate in events, exhibitions, or meet-ups that allow you to connect with your audience in person. This can create memorable experiences and strengthen the bond with your fans.

11. *Do Give away*
Giving back to fans is an important part of being an artist. Not only does it show appreciation for the support and loyalty they've shown, but it also helps to create a stronger connection between the artist and the fans. It's a way to show that the artist is grateful for the love they've received, and that they want to share that love back. It can also help to create buzz and excitement around the artist's brand, and to generate more interest in their work. It's a win-win for everyone involved!

In summary
Reaching out to fans is important for artists because it helps to build and maintain a loyal and engaged fan base. By making an effort to connect with fans, artists can create a sense of community and belonging. This can lead to more sales, increased word-of-mouth marketing, and a more positive image for the artist. Additionally, fan engagement can provide valuable feedback and insights that can be used to improve the artist's work. Ultimately, reaching out to fans is an essential part of being a successful artist.

Cheers to future fans.

APPRECIATE YOUR DESIGNER!

An open letter to brands, music artist (gospel and circular), events planners and other stakeholders in the industry.

Graphic design is more than just aesthetics. It is a form of communication(visual) between your business, brand, event and your audience. Businesses use graphics in every stage of marketing to inform, engage and eventually persuade prospective customers to make a purchase or take a desired action.

A designer brings that dream or vision of your business/event into reality with the use of design techniques.

Designers, therefore are the first point of contact before the major sponsors and other stakeholders involved in your business, brand and event.
- Designers type the letters you give to your sponsors and invited guests.
- Designers package your invitation cards with attractive designs and quality printing.
-That stage that looks so beautiful to the eyes of your audience was branded by your designer.
- Designers commit several hours of time to get that 'perfect' design a client asked for.
Hmmm...but despite all their commitment, they fail to get the appreciation and public recognition they deserve.

Some are even underpaid for the services they rendered.
Many request for free designs, some have a lot of outstanding payments with designers, they leave, then hire another designer.
Person way help you bring your dream in to reality with his/her talent needs to be appreciated.

The fact that some clients actually get low quality works which are far below what they paid the designer is not overlooked but a good designer who does his/her work in a pleasing manner should be duly appreciated.

A great designer goes all the way to deliver a work that is top-notch no matter the time and efforts it might take.

Go to your stage when you are mentioning name of sponsors, when appreciating vendors on your stage biko mention your diligent designer.

*A Graphics Designer who is appreciated is motivated to create more innovative design work.*

#Appreciateyourdesigner
#Celebritydesigner
#Graphicsdesign

*WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW ABOUT THE NEW SPOTIFY 1000 MINIMUM STREAMS POLICY*

_share with a colleague or friend doing music or podcast_

Check for me

https://instagram.com/olajengbesi_os?igshid=OGQ5ZDc2ODk2ZA==


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_WhfHRVZB_Q?si=BnCp6uR-cB1Rm7WG

Reports indicate that Spotify is considering a significant change to its payout model. The latest information reveals that starting early next year, Spotify’s ‘minimum annual threshold’ for tracks to begin generating royalties will be set at 1,000 streams.

*What does this mean*?:

To earn royalties on Spotify, tracks will need to amass a minimum of 1,000 streams within 12 months, and in the case of an album each track in the album must amass the same and not only those with the threshold will receive revenue and this is limited for a year.

*Who’s affected Affect*?:

Any artiste whose track receives fewer than 1,000 streams in 12 months, won’t get paid any royalties.

*Compensation for unpaid artiste ?:*

No,

*Reason for Spotify Implementing This Change*:

Spotify is introducing this change to address the issue of tracks with low stream counts, where the earnings are below what lots of distributors would typically pay out. Additionally, it aims to combat fraudulent streams and tracks, ensuring a fairer distribution of royalties.

*Does this apply to other streaming platforms?:*

No, this is limited to Spotify only thus they are the first major streaming platforms to introduce the 1,000-stream minimum requirement. However, more stores are likely to follow shortly because DSPs are out against “fraudulent streaming.”

*What’s the fact of upcoming and small Artiste?:*

While this change may be challenging for upcoming artists with fewer than 1,000 streams, it also benefits smaller artists who surpass this threshold. They will have the opportunity to access a portion of the $40 million that Spotify intends to redirect to artists exceeding the threshold.

*My Advise*
It is high time you discuss marketing strategies that can help you surpass this threshold, building your fan base and increasing your music reach


For more info don’t hesitate to reach out
@Olajengbesi OS
@OS WORLD1

Year 4 The story and journey continues….

“My interests in entertainment and corporate law are interesting and inspiring, I’m following my passion and exploring new avenues of interest. I know I’m a talented sound engineer, studio producer, and artist manager. Through my years of dedication and expertise in shaping sound and dealing with different artists, I have achieved lots of success and partnered with many great music artists and legends. From sound to artist management, music production, and promotion, and my decision to embark on a new path to study law, it was an easy decision for me to dive into legal studies with access to different areas of interest in law. I’m Looking forward to combining my legal knowledge with my understanding of the entertainment industry someday to make a great lawyer. I believe becoming a lawyerwill allow me to leverage my prior experience and knowledge within the music a. I will be able to advise musicians, producers, and other industry professionals on legal matters related to copyright, contracts, intellectual property rights, licensing, music promotion, labels, artist management, show promotions among many other roles. My unique background as a passionate sound engineer, studio producer, and artist management gives me a distinct perspective and the ability to understand the specific needs and challenges of creative individuals within the entertainment field. I believe this will allow me to make a positive impact on the lives of artists and help protect their rights within the dynamic and ever-evolving entertainment industry. By blending my technical know-how with legal advocacy, I can contribute to the growth and success of every individual I represent. It’s truly amazing to witness this beautiful career of mine evolving, especially when my passion remains at the core of my journey. This story will be a testament to the importance of following one’s dreams and embracing new opportunities along the way.”

Watch out

AJAXCOO GRAFIX IN CONJUNCTION WITH FLYMATAS BUSINESS MANAGEMENT CONSULT IMAPCTS ABOUT FIFTY(50) YOUTHS WITH DIGITAL LITERACY SKILLS AND EMPOWERS THEM.

The Grand Finale Programme of the One Month Free Training on Computer Basics organized by Ajaxcoo Grafix and proudly sponsored by Flymatas Business Management Consult was held on Friday, 15th September 2023 at Gbogi Court, Okegbogi Street, Ondo City, Ondo State.


The Grand Finale signified the end of the free training that lasted for four(4) weeks for about fifty(50) participants in Ondo City. The organizer of the programme in person of Mr. Stephen Gbenga Oluleye, Director Ajaxcoo Grafix talked in depth about the training, how the participants were taught about the basic operations of the computer and the practical and theoretical aspects of softwares used like Microsoft Word, Corel Draw and Microsoft Excel.

FIRST RUNNER UP

The programme played host to distinguished dignitaries like Princess Fadejogun Ade-Ayoola, Group CEO Ondo Eki Chat Show Worldwide, Prof. Oluwayemisi Adebowale, Director of Centre of Learning and Leadership Adekunle Ajasin University Akungba Akoko, Ondo State, Mr. Akingbade Toluwa-Jolomi, Founder Dakiz Human Development and Empowerment Initiative, Mr. Ayorinde Alex Olubusade, CEO Flymatas Business Management Consult, Mr. Stephen Gbenga Oluleye, Director Ajaxcoo Grafix, a division of E.A.E Enterprise, Mr Lucas Kakaki Famakinwa, President Ekimogun Youths Connect, Mr. Henry Ogunribido, Principal HANDROMI Entrepreneurship School, Rev. and Rev. Mrs. Leye Williams among others.


Mr. Ayorinde Alex Olubusade, CEO Flymatas Business Management Consult in his welcome address encouraged the participants to pursue their passions and harness their creative potential in the Modern Technology.


The event featured presentations by the participants, showcasing their newly acquired skills in graphics design.
The parents of the participants also attended in their numbers and gave positive reviews and feedbacks about the training.


The Guest Speaker in person of Princess Fadejogun Ade-Ayoola, Group CEO Ondo Eki Chat Show Worldwide in her talk themed “Digital Skills and the Future” spoke extensively about the evolution of technology from the 19th century to 21st century. She emphasized the use and significance of digital skills in today’s world.

Certificates were presented to individual participants.
One of the highlights of the event was the presentation of laptops to the three best participants of the free training. The winners of the laptops were Akinbinu Jephthah – Overall Best, Adebisi Odunayo – 1st Runner-up and Akinkunmi Cynthia – 2nd Runner-up.
Prof. Oluwayemisi Adebowale in her congratulatory speech encouraged the winners not to misuse the laptops given to them.
Airtel Nigeria was also present and gave out gifts to the participants.

Akingbade Toluwa-Jolomi, Founder Dakiz Human Development and Empowerment Initiative provided free vocational training in photography, fashion designing and frame making for five participants for the betterment of the community.

In summary, the Grand Finale Programme of the One Month Free Training on Computer Basics in Ondo City was an evidence of the power of community-driven initiatives and the impact of youths like Mr. Ayorinde Alex Olubusade, CEO Flymatas Business Management Consult and Mr. Stephen Gbenga Oluleye, Director Ajaxcoo Grafix who are dedicated to uplifting their communities by offering opportunities for skill development and personal growth. This event will undoubtedly leave a lasting legacy of empowerment and hope among the youths of Ondo State.

RIP MOHBAD

I have been away from the internet all day just to come online to the news of the DEMISE of our sensation street hippop star Mohbad (27)

Although am not a big fan of street pop but I feel in love with his song OMO GHETTO & PEACE and ever since I have been following his craft.

The news of his death saddens my spirit. It's always unfortunate when such talent leaves the world too soon.

Mohbad made a decision to follow his own path by leaving his record label some months ago , this shows tremendous courage and the desire for creative freedom. He was so determined to stay true to himself which made me greatly admires him.
Mohbad brought joy and inspiration to many through his artistic expression, His unique style and passion resonated with his fans, which I believe will leave a lasting impact on the music industry.

Despite facing challenges and conflicts, Mohbad shows commitment to his craft and he never wavered.

the legacy of this talented individual and the music he has created will forever be celebrated
His art will continue to inspire and touch the hearts of countless people.

May his soul rest in peace, and his music forever be cherished.

RIP Mohbad
May God be with his family and all loved ones

✍️ Olajengbesi OS

#mohbadimole #RIPMOH #olajengbesios

https://www.instagram.com/reel/CxH-7lYMojc/?igshid=MzRlODBiNWFlZA==

Authorized or Unauthorized, leaking, and intentional posting of nude, sex tapes and the likes is a serious offense in Nigeria

Olajengbesi OS

With the everyday proliferation of modern technology, the continuous rise in social media, and the decadence of moral society young people are constantly faced with unprecedented challenges when it comes to privacy, coupled with the posting and distribution of explicit content on social media. Latest of this menace is the trending news on the internet of Esther Rachel’s nude video,
Over time, we heard and some as seen Aunty Tiwa and, Oxlade among many other sex video leaked nude posted intentionally or unintentionally

This serve as a reminder that there is need for more awareness of the laws prohibiting this acts, and the strict prosecutions and enforcement of this laws , in other to encourage victims not to fall into the trap of getting extorted or blackmailed by mischievous and callous people they call lovers, friends etc. (for no reason should you send or post or post your nude or secco videos)


Some made this post in the name of having fun while others claims it is for self-awareness, self appreciation or esteem, and eventually it has becomes a tool for blackmail, extortion, and getting back at people.


Inadequate prosecution of offenders and the awareness about the provision of the law on this issue can be said to have encouraged this immoral and offensive behavior by perpetrators.

In recent times, the continuous rise in the posting of unauthorized sex videos, nudes and its like is of a great concern. Some post it by themselves for whatever reason it may be while others are posted by partners, Exes, friends, foes, and the likes this has become a significant concern, and perpetrators do not consider the traumatic and depressing effect it could have on victims and parties make .
Our society has been making efforts to curb this daunting behavior, particularly among young ones and celebrities.
Thus this article looks at legal implications for both perpetrators and victims by exploring the various provision of different laws in Nigeria that has been put in place to control these vices.

Starting from the bedrock of every law in Nigeria, section 37 of the Federal Republic of Nigeria Constitution 1999 as amended, the privacy of citizens, their homes, correspondence, telephone conversations, and telegraphic communications is hereby guaranteed and protected. A breach of the right by anyone is an outright breach of this fundamental right.

Under Nigerian law, the Criminal Code Act addresses offenses related to the distribution of explicit content. Section 170 specifically criminalizes the publication or distribution of obscene materials, including sex videos, with the intent to cause public annoyance, inconvenience, or insult of the Criminal Code Act provides;
Any person who knowingly sends, or attempts to send, by post anything which;
(b) encloses an indecent or obscene print, painting, photograph, lithograph, engraving, book, card, or article, or which has on it, or in it, or on its cover, any indecent, obscene, or grossly offensive words, marks, or designs; is guilty of a misdemeanor and is liable to imprisonment for one year.
Offenders can be prosecuted, and if found guilty, may face imprisonment for up to three years.
This section is part material to sec 463 of the penal code
Under the Cybercrimes Act, 2015 applicable in all states of the federation including FCT-Abuja, Section 24 of the Act provides thus;
(a) Any person who knowingly or intentionally sends a message or other matter utilizing computer systems or network that is grossly offensive, pornographic, or of an indecent, obscene, or menacing character or causes any such message or matter to be so sent;… commits an offense under this Act and shall be liable on conviction to a fine of not more than N7, 000,000.00 or imprisonment for a term of not more than 3 years or to both such fine and imprisonment


A notable case pertinent to this discussion is the case of Attorney-General of the Federation V. Mr. Ayan, Mr. Ayan had threatened to post nude pictures of his ex-girlfriend, Monica Arare, on social media sometime in 2017 after the lady broke up with him.
According to the counsel, Ms. Arare, a single lady, had pleaded with Mr. Ayan, who is married with children, not to carry out his threat and he had requested ₦200,000 as a condition to rescind his decisions. Mr Ayan however went ahead to post the nude photos when the lady could not pay up the money.
Delivering his judgment, the learned Judge held that Mr. Ayan was found guilty of committing the crime after evidence made available to the court had been found as incontrovertible proof that he willfully and maliciously committed the crime.

In the same vein Apart from criminal charges, victims of sex video leaks may also seek legal remedies through tortious liability. In such cases, the victim may pursue a civil lawsuit against the perpetrators for invasion of privacy, emotional distress, defamation, or intentional infliction of emotional distress. Thus, as reported by the tribune Nigerian Artiste, Ikuforijimi Olaitan Abdulrahman, aka Oxlade has been awarded five million-naira (N5m) damages by Justice Olalekan Oresanya of an Ikeja High Court over a leaked sex tape with a woman on Snapchat a social media app.
Justice Olalekan described the action of the singer, in secretly recording explicit sex with a woman and thereafter leaking it online as despicable, horrendous, distasteful and classless.
It should be of note that a person who intentionally exposes his or her nude or sex tape to the public has committed an offense under section 26(1) of the Violence Again Persons Act 2015 (1) A person who intentionally exposes his or her genital organs, or a substantial part
Thereof, intending to cause distress to the other party, or that another person seeing it may be tempted or induced to commit an offense under this Act, commits an offense termed “indecent exposure”.
Such acts commit an offence under this section and such person who commits an offense under this section is liable upon conviction to a term of imprisonment of not less than 1 year or to a fine not exceeding N500,000 or both.

CONCLUSION:

The leaking of sex videos or posting of such in Nigeria is a serious offense that is addressed by various provisions of Nigerian law. The Criminal Code Act the Cybercrime Act and the Violence Against Persons Act play a crucial role in prosecuting offenders and deterring such unauthorized acts. Additionally, victims may seek civil remedies through tortious liability to obtain compensation for the harm caused. These legal provisions, along with relevant case precedents, underscore the importance of protecting individuals’ privacy and holding perpetrators accountable for their actions.

Authorized or Unauthorized, leaking, and intentional posting of nude, sex tapes and the likes is a serious offense in Nigeria

Olajengbesi OS



INTRODUCTION:
Now trending on the internet is Esther Rachel's nude video,
Over time, we heard of Aunty Tiwa and, Oxlade among many others whose sex video, nude has been either intentionally, unintentionally, or otherwise linked to the world. This brings back a reminder that there is need to be more awareness of the laws, the strict prosecutions and enforcement of such, most importantly encouraging victims not to fall into the trap of getting extorted or blackmailed by mischievous and callous people they call lovers friends and so on. However, for no reason should you send or post such.
With the everyday proliferation of modern technology, the continuous rise in social media, and the decadence of moral society constantly faced with unprecedented challenges when it comes to privacy, coupled with the posting and distribution of explicit content on social media.
Some make this post for fun or claim it is for self-awareness and appreciation or esteem, and it eventually becomes a tool for blackmail and extortion of peoples hard earned money In Nigeria.

Inadequate prosecution of offenders and the awareness about the provision of the law on this issue can be said to have encouraged this immoral and offensive behavior by perpetrators.

Posting, leaking of sex tapes or Nude

In recent times, the continuous rise in the posting of unauthorized sex videos, nudes and its like is of a great concern. Some post it by themselves for whatever reason it may be while others are posted by partners, Exes, friends, foes, and the likes has become a significant concern, not considering the traumatic and depressing effect it could have on victims and parties. This society has been making efforts to curb this daunting behavior, particularly among young ones and celebrities.
This article looks at legal implications for both perpetrators and victims by exploring the provision of different laws in Nigeria that has been put in place to control these vices.
Starting from the bedrock of every law in Nigeria, section 37 of the Federal Republic of Nigeria Constitution 1999 as amended, the privacy of citizens, their homes, correspondence, telephone conversations, and telegraphic communications is hereby guaranteed and protected. A breach of the right by anyone is an outright breach of this fundamental right.

Under Nigerian law, the Criminal Code Act addresses offenses related to the distribution of explicit content. Section 170 specifically criminalizes the publication or distribution of obscene materials, including sex videos, with the intent to cause public annoyance, inconvenience, or insult of the Criminal Code Act provides;
Any person who knowingly sends, or attempts to send, by post anything which;
(b) encloses an indecent or obscene print, painting, photograph, lithograph, engraving, book, card, or article, or which has on it, or in it, or on its cover, any indecent, obscene, or grossly offensive words, marks, or designs; is guilty of a misdemeanor and is liable to imprisonment for one year.
Offenders can be prosecuted, and if found guilty, may face imprisonment for up to three years.
This section is part material to sec 463 of the penal code
Under the Cybercrimes Act, 2015 applicable in all states of the federation including FCT-Abuja, Section 24 of the Act provides thus;
(a) Any person who knowingly or intentionally sends a message or other matter utilizing computer systems or network that is grossly offensive, pornographic, or of an indecent, obscene, or menacing character or causes any such message or matter to be so sent;... commits an offense under this Act and shall be liable on conviction to a fine of not more than N7, 000,000.00 or imprisonment for a term of not more than 3 years or to both such fine and imprisonment

A notable case pertinent to this discussion is the case of Attorney-General of the Federation V. Mr. Ayan, Mr. Ayan had threatened to post nude pictures of his ex-girlfriend, Monica Arare, on social media sometime in 2017 after the lady broke up with him.
According to the counsel, Ms. Arare, a single lady, had pleaded with Mr. Ayan, who is married with children, not to carry out his threat and he had requested ₦200,000 as a condition to rescind his decisions. Mr Ayan however went ahead to post the nude photos when the lady could not pay up the money.
Delivering his judgment, the learned Judge held that Mr. Ayan was found guilty of committing the crime after evidence made available to the court had been found as incontrovertible proof that he willfully and maliciously committed the crime.

In the same vein Apart from criminal charges, victims of sex video leaks may also seek legal remedies through tortious liability. In such cases, the victim may pursue a civil lawsuit against the perpetrators for invasion of privacy, emotional distress, defamation, or intentional infliction of emotional distress. Thus, as reported by the tribune Nigerian Artiste, Ikuforijimi Olaitan Abdulrahman, aka Oxlade has been awarded five million-naira (N5m) damages by Justice Olalekan Oresanya of an Ikeja High Court over a leaked sex tape with a woman on Snapchat a social media app.
Justice Olalekan described the action of the singer, in secretly recording explicit sex with a woman and thereafter leaking it online as despicable, horrendous, distasteful and classless.
It should be of note that a person who intentionally exposes his or her nude or sex tape to the public has committed an offense under section 26(1) of the Violence Again Persons Act 2015 (1) A person who intentionally exposes his or her genital organs, or a substantial part
Thereof, intending to cause distress to the other party, or that another person seeing it may be tempted or induced to commit an offense under this Act, commits an offense termed "indecent exposure”.
Such acts commit an offence under this section and such person who commits an offense under this section is liable upon conviction to a term of imprisonment of not less than 1 year or to a fine not exceeding N500,000 or both.

CONCLUSION:

The leaking of sex videos or posting of such in Nigeria is a serious offense that is addressed by various provisions of Nigerian law. The Criminal Code Act the Cybercrime Act and the Violence Against Persons Act play a crucial role in prosecuting offenders and deterring such unauthorized acts. Additionally, victims may seek civil remedies through tortious liability to obtain compensation for the harm caused. These legal provisions, along with relevant case precedents, underscore the importance of protecting individuals' privacy and holding perpetrators accountable for their actions.

Having a loving and supportive family and friends is truly a blessing. They are the ones who cheer us on, celebrate our successes, and stand by us through thick and thin. Our number one fans, they constantly motivate and inspire us to pursue our goals and dreams
Family, often our first fans, are there from the beginning. Whether it's our parents, siblings, or extended relatives, they provide a foundation of love and encouragement. They believe in us, even when we may doubt ourselves, and consistently show their unwavering support. Their presence is like a steadfast pillar, giving us the strength to conquer challenges and go after what we want in life.
But it doesn't stop there. Friends, the chosen family, also play a significant role in being our number one fans. They are the ones who have witnessed our growth firsthand, and they can truly appreciate the progress we have made. They offer guidance, celebrate our achievements, and lend an empathetic ear during difficult times. Their belief in us boosts our confidence and makes us feel like we can conquer the world.

https://instagram.com/olajengbesi_os?igshid=MzRlODBiNWFlZA==

Utilizing your friends and family in your music promotion can be a great way to expand your reach and gain support infact you need to be accepted by them before the world can accept you.. They are like the bedrock and foundation to your career success and it's most important to win your family and friends over in believing your potential, capability, capacity.

Here are some steps you can take:

Share your music with them
Encourage them to share
Request honest reviews
Collaborate
Organize house concerts
Leverage their networks


1. Share your music with them: Start by sharing your music directly with your friends and family. Provide them with links to your songs, album, or playlist on platforms like Spotify, SoundCloud, or YouTube. Explain why you're passionate about your music and ask for their honest feedback.
2. Encourage them to share: Ask your friends and family to share your music on their social media platforms, like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, or even through word-of-mouth. Encourage them to share any upcoming gigs or releases with their networks as well. This will help increase your exposure to their circles.
3. Request honest reviews: Ask your friends and family to provide honest reviews and ratings for your music on platforms like Bandcamp, iTunes, or streaming platforms. Positive reviews can help attract new listeners and build credibility for your music.
4. Collaborate: If any of your friends or family members have skills or talents that complement your music, consider collaborating with them. This could be anything from featuring them in a song, having them contribute to the artwork, or even helping with music production. Collaboration not only enhances your creativity but also creates opportunities for cross-promotion.
5. Organize house concerts: Consider hosting intimate house concerts where you can perform for your friends, family, and their networks. This provides a cozy and personal setting for people to experience your music, and attendees often become your dedicated fans who spread the word about your talent.
6. Leverage their networks: Ask your friends and family if they know anyone who could help promote your music further. They might have connections in the music industry, local media, or even friends with influential social media accounts. Networking through your existing contacts can open doors to various opportunities.

In conclusion family and friends so are so important for every artiste career From the enthusiastic applause during a big moment to the kind words of encouragement during a setback, our number family and friends have an immeasurable impact on our lives. They create a sense of belonging and acceptance that allows us to flourish and become the best versions of ourselves.

I didn’t get to see Jagun Jagun in the cinema due to time constraints but thank God for Netflix I was able to see it time to see it with my family this evening.
The movie, "Jagun Jagun " was able to encapsulate Yoruba tradition and wartime society while infusing some elements of Chinese (CHI FU) sword fights.
The movie is an intense drama that keeps you on the edge and the fact that the end couldn't be easily guessed was a spice to it.

It's did not only highlights Femi Adebayo's versatility and talent that we all know of but also presents an engaging storyline whose ending wasn't easily detected until the climax, I was also immersed in its high-stakes conflict, intense emotions, and the complexities of our nature as a human. thus making it easy to explore the themes of crime, war, jealousy, betrayal, revenge, absolute authority, unforgiving, death, and love among others.
One remarkable aspect of "Jagun Jagun" is Femi ADEBAYOs portrayal of the absence of emotions and complex character traits.

I must confess the performance of all the cast in the movie are nothing short of exceptional. The ensemble and versatility of the cast elevate the film, this made portraying a range of complex characters with conviction and depth easy for the production. FEMI Adebayo and Lateef Olatunji, in particular easily portray the characters of warriors with a delicate balance of strength and vulnerability, capturing the essence of their internal conflicts and unwavering determination.

The storytelling technique brings these characters to life and maximizes their impact on the film's intense moments. The well-choreographed fight sequences (which was an outstanding display) and battle scenes authentically capture the brutality of war, showcasing the prowess and sacrifice of our olden-days warriors.
And I must confess the director did great in handling the intricate web of relationships, presenting viewers with a cinematic tapestry of crime, war, jealousy, betrayal, revenge, absolute authority, unforgiving, death, and love among others.

It’s a must for me to dive into the film's exploration of how jealousy and betrayal can corrode relationships, leading characters down dark and unpredictable paths. Revenge and the quest for absolute authority fuel the narrative

On the production part
Kudos to the production team's ability to design and their attention to detail which transported them to the village setting, immersing them in an authentic and visually stunning world. The cinematography and art direction effectively capture the beauty of the landscapes, while also highlighting the harsh realities of the characters' struggles. The nuanced use of lighting and color further enhances the depth and atmosphere of every scene, it's an appreciation of our cultural setting, and a visualization of the environment our forefathers lived in.

I must confess Femi Adebayor successfully strikes a commendable balance between adrenaline- pumping action scenes. It deftly navigates a complex web of relationships and engrossing plotlines, leaving audiences emotionally invested and hungry for resolution.

On the soundtrack, I can enthusiastically commend the soundtrack for its exceptional composition, in line with the scene and setting of the storyline and outstanding musicality. This captivating soundtrack has truly elevated the entire production and added a remarkable depth to the emotional journey of each character and the events that took place.
One cannot help but be swept away by the dynamic and evocative melodies that perfectly capture the

commendable. From the haunting solos that evoke and accompany each scene, I was transported by each track to another world altogether.
In conclusion, I believe my 2 hours spent on the movie were worth it hype, the movie is a successful riveting village epic that effectively explores themes of crime, war, jealousy, betrayal, revenge, absolute authority, and more. With its compelling storylines, captivating performances, and astute direction
And overall Nigeria movie industry taking a wonderful turn and its work Applaud the team for all the effects, stunts, and effort toward perfection

The storytelling technique brings these characters to life and maximizes their impact of the film's intense moments. The well-choreographed fight sequences (which is an outstanding display) and battle scenes authentically capture the brutality of war, showcasing the prowess and sacrifice of our olden days warriors.

And I must confess the director did great in handling the intricate web of relationships, presenting viewers with a cinematic tapestry of crime, war, jealousy, betrayal, revenge, absolute authority, unforgiving, death, love among others.


It’s a must for me to dive into the film exploration of how jealousy and betrayal can corrode relationships, leading characters down dark and unpredictable paths. Revenge and the quest for absolute authority fuel the narrative

On the production part
Kudos to the production team's ability to design and their attention to detail which transported to the village setting, immersing them in an authentic and visually stunning world. The cinematography and art direction effectively capture the beauty of the landscapes, while also highlighting the harsh realities of the characters' struggles. The nuanced use of lighting and color further enhances the depth and atmosphere of every scene, i's an appreciation of our cultural setting and visualization of the environment out fore fathers lived in.

I must confess Femi Adebayor successfully strikes a commendable balance between adrenaline-pumping action scenes. It deftly navigates a complex web of relationships and engrossing plotlines, leaving audiences emotionally invested and hungry for resolution.

In conclusion, I believe my 2 hours spent on the movie was worth it hype, the movie is a successful riveting village epic that effectively explores themes of crime, war, jealousy, betrayal, revenge, absolute authority, and more. With its compelling storylines, captivating performances, and astute direction
And overall Nigeria movie industry taking a wonderful turn and its work Applaud the team for all the effects, stunts and effort towards perfection.

THE GLAVDA CUSTOMARY MARRIAGE
BY
ASANAWA GHIDE KALAVA

EDO STATE UNIVERSITY UZAIRUE.

FACULTY OF LAW , DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC AND INTERNATIONAL LAW

Abstracts.

Glavda which also known as Ametsa, Guelebda, Galvaxdaxa is a spoken language among the dwellers of Bokko, Nghoze, Amuda, Agapalawa, Nghoze Sama, Attagara, Agajara, Arboko etc, in Gwoza, Borno state. The Guelebda people rejected the Fulani jihad of Usman Dan Fodio of 1804-1808 by fleeing to the mountains and held to their own customs and traditions. After the Fulani jihad war some return to the land while others continue to dwell in the mountain. They have their own unique culture which is entirely different from that of the Northern Muslims.

KEYWORDS: MARRIAGE, CUSTOMARY, GLAVDA.

INTRODUCTION.

Nigeria is a diverse country with various cultures, and as a result, there are different marriage customs and traditionspractised across the nation. These customs can vary significantly among the numerous ethnic groups in Nigeria. Here are some notable examples of diverse marriage practices in the country:

1. Traditional/Customary Marriages: Traditional marriages hold great significance in Nigerian culture. These ceremonies are often elaborate and involve rituals, ceremonies, and negotiations between the families of the bride and groom. The specific customs and traditions vary across ethnic groups, but they generally involve the payment of a bride price or dowry, exchange of gifts, and ceremonial blessings.

2. Islamic Marriages: Islamic marriages are prevalent among Nigerian Muslims. These marriages are conducted according to Islamic customs and typically involve a contract between the groom and the bride's family. The ceremony is usually held in a mosque and includes the recitation of prayers, exchange of vows, and a reception or Walima afterwards.

3. Christian Weddings: Christian weddings are common among the Christian population in Nigeria. The ceremony takes place in a church and is conducted by a pastor or priest. It involves the exchange of vows, rings, and the pronouncement of the couple as husband and wife. Christian weddings may also include cultural elements and a reception with music, dance, and feasting.

4. Court/Registry Weddings: Civil or court weddings are legally recognized unions conducted in a registry office. They are typically a requirement for the legal validation of marriages in Nigeria. While these weddings may be simple and devoid of elaborate customs, they serve as a formal registration of the marriage under Nigerian law.

5. Interethnic Marriages: Nigeria's diverse cultural landscape often leads to interethnic marriages, where individuals from different ethnic groups come together in matrimony. These unions bring together various customs, traditions, and practices from both sides, creating a fusion of cultures.

It is however erroneous to classify northern customs as Hausacustom or Muslims custom because we have multiple customs and tribes in the Northeast only which one of them is Glavda. They are not Hausa nor Muslims. They rejected the Fulani Jihad by fleeing to the mountain. I am going to discuss their customary marriage.

DEFINITION OF TERMS.

MARRIAGE: The term marriage is difficult to define however, according to the marriage Act: Marriage is the Union between a man and a woman coming together as a husband and wife. However, in Africa society we polygamy is predominant the marriage Act definition may not be applicable as a man can have two, three, four, five and ten wives etc.

CUSTOMARY: The term "customary" refers to something that is based on or in accordance with customs, traditions, or established practices within a particular culture, community, or group. Customary practices can vary widely between different societies and can encompass a range of aspects, including social norms, behaviours, rituals, laws, and traditions.

GLAVDA: The Glavda also known as, the Guelebda, Galvaxdaxa) is an Afro-Asiat language spoken in Gwoza, Borno Stae, and . It is one among the divers ethnic groups in the North.

The Glavda people live in northeastern Nigeria. Historically they are hill-dwellers, who resisted the Fulani Islamic holy wars. Today, some have become Muslim and wear traditional Islamic dress. However, the majority are split between traditional religious beliefs they have held for centuries and Christianity which has come through missionary efforts in the last 70 years. Most of the Glavda are farmers who raise peanuts, maize, and millet on hillside terraces. A man's work includes farming, crafting leather, making baskets, spinning, weaving, and building. Women make clay objects, train the small children, prepare the meals, and do other household activities.

MARRIAGE CUSTOM AMONG THE GLADVA PEOPLE.

Glavda customary marriage encapsulated different stages. These stages are: Betrothal, tunkunghaya, Proposal, langaakwatiyaha, payment of bride price, matrimony, Mbakrdi and Consummation

BETROTHAL

The marriage custom among the Glavda tribe in the ancient time was first through Betrothal where the parents of the manwill put a ring on the hand of a pregnant woman indicating the interest in the unborn child. If it is girl she will marry the man's son and if it is a boy it becomes invalid.

However, this betrothal was not binding on the parties involved as they can choose whoever they want to marry in attaining the age of maturity. However, it was seen as for their good if they marry the marry the person chosen by their parents as it was based on the good character of the mother and of a belief she will beget good character as well.

TUNGUNGHAYA

It is a taboo for a girl to visit a man in his house or even his parents house among the glavadas. The man who shows interest in marrying a woman will come to the girl’s parent’s house, he will pull out his shoes outside the gate of the house and will kneel down before the parents. The parents will then call for the girl and she will spray a mat in a place called Zdawzdawa where such visitors are received, she will then pick his shoes and give him water preferably beniseed juice. By performing that, she has agreed to the man's interest in marrying her. But if she decline to pick the shoes or refuse to give him water it shows that she has no interest in the man.

KATHANA BARKA

Kathana Barka is the introduction. The man may come once or three times before he send some group of women with a token of colanut, native chocolate and some drinks packaged in a box to ask the girl of her hand in marriage as well as the parents. If she accept it she has accepted the man if she reject it she has rejected the man.

LANGA KATHANA

Langa kathana means “taking the things”. This is the act of bringing about 5-12 boxes preferable luggage or suitcase filled with things for the bride and the bride mother. From the biggest size to the smallest size. The biggest sizes contain about 10-13 rappers. One of the Luggage will contain clothes and a shoe for the mother of the bride, the other ones are full of the bride, clothes, shoes Jewelleries, soap, cream and others which she will open every suitcase with her friends if any thing is missing will be noted and the bridegroom will buy it

LANGA THLAHA

Langa thlaha means “taking the cows” The bride price was never accepted monetary. It was in the witness of the two families, the community elders, the grooms friends and the noble men. The family of the bridegroom will bring two cows, two goats, drinks, clothes for the father, money for sewing the bride parents' clothes etc. The quality of the cows will depend on the quality of the girl.The cows are most time collected by a male child which the bride is next to except if she is the first female child.The man who collected the cows will either sell the cows to buy things for the bride or give out a money to buy those things. The term THINGS refers to everything she need in her house from bed room, kitchen living room, dining room etc. The groom build a house and give it to the bride empty while the bride on the other hand cometo the house and fill/ arrange the house. The bride will come to her husband house with everything she need to be there.

MATRIMONY

The matrimony is done few months after the payment of the bride price.

The later will presented with a turning stick and be encourage to feed her husband well. She will then be accompanied with friends and woman who is known to be a bedroom mother. They will stay with her for three days to one week it depends on the time they finish fixing things in the house. She will also be accompany with her brother who carry goat that will be killed to feed the groom’s family on the second day after wedding.

The bridegroom sponsor everything on the wedding day, from the food, drinks, chin chin, kunu zaki etc.

DUGHAKESHA COOKING.

Dughaksha means the “ daughters of the soil” it is thefeeding of the family of the bridegroom by the bride with the help of her friends and her bedroom mother on the second to third day after wedding. After cooking, they will go house by house of the bridegroom family to share the food.

CONSUMMATION

If the woman was found virgin, it will be reported to the parents and this will be rewarded the bride by giving her goat or anything of values. Virginity was identify through the use of white cloth during consummation which the stained white cloth will be presented to the both families

CONCLUSION

The diversity of cultures in Nigeria is reflected in the range of marriage customs and practices observed throughout the country. These customs play a vital role in preserving cultural heritage, strengthening familial bonds, and celebrating the union of two individuals.

It's important to note that within each ethnic group, there may be further variations in marriage customs based on regional, familial, or individual preferences. Furthermore, globalization and urbanization have also influenced contemporary Nigerian weddings, with many couples incorporating modern elements, such as white wedding gowns, suits, and destination weddings, into their ceremonies.

New Music Release:
*Mosun Siwaju "Moving Forward"*
A song by
*YemiFavour Obolanle *

We are thrilled to announce the launch of "Mosun Siwaju "Moving Forward," an uplifting and empowering song that aims to inspire listeners to embrace change, overcome challenges, and seize new opportunities.

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The song will public by OS WORLD1 is available on all major music platforms, including
We encourage you to listen, share, and experience the uplifting vibes of of a inspired song of *YEMIFAVOUR*

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The Nigerian Judiciary: A Sordid Saga of Technicalities Over Justice.


The Nigerian judiciary, once revered as the last bastion of hope for justice, now stands as a putrid cesspool of deceit and betrayal. Its grotesque transformation into a court of technicalities rather than a temple of justice is a grotesque betrayal of the trust the Nigerian people have bestowed upon it. The court has shamelessly evolved into a grotesque bazaar where justice is auctioned off to the highest bidder, trampling on the principles it was sworn to uphold.


This once-honorable institution, now plagued by the stench of corruption, has cast aside the sacred duty of impartiality and fairness. The scales of justice have been tainted and distorted, weighed not by evidence and righteousness but by the wads of tainted currency stuffed into the pockets of those who don the robes of justice.


No longer is the verdict determined by the merits of the case, but by the conniving machinations of cunning lawyers exploiting legal loopholes and exploiting arcane technicalities. Truth and justice have become mere footnotes in the annals of the Nigerian judiciary, replaced by a sordid obsession with obscure legal jargon and labyrinthine procedures.


The honorable profession of law has been desecrated by those who were meant to be its guardians. The supposed "pillars of justice" have crumbled under the weight of their own avarice, staining the sanctity of their vocation with the indelible marks of venality and treachery.


Even the Supreme Court, once revered as the epitome of impartiality, has lost its luster and succumbed to the murky depths of moral decay. The bench that was meant to symbolize the pinnacle of justice now stands as a caricature of itself, rendering judgments that confound reason and defy common sense.


The camaraderie between judges and politicians, celebrated in both secrecy and open social gatherings, is a grotesque mockery of justice. The purported guardians of justice hobnobbing with the very individuals they are meant to adjudicate against is a vile betrayal of their oath and a slap in the face of every Nigerian seeking justice.


The Nigerian judiciary has become a marketplace of souls, where the gavel is wielded not as a symbol of truth but as a tool of subjugation. The poor and downtrodden, already crushed under the weight of societal inequalities, are further crushed under the boot of a judiciary that shows no mercy for the voiceless and defenseless.


The relentless focus on technicalities, rather than the merits of cases, has sown seeds of doubt and disillusionment among the Nigerian populace. The trust that was once the cornerstone of the judiciary's power has eroded, leaving behind nothing but a smoldering heap of broken dreams and shattered hope.


To salvage what little remains of its integrity, the Nigerian judiciary must undergo a complete and unflinching overhaul. A rigorous purge of corrupt elements must be carried out, and mechanisms to ensure the accountability of judges must be put in place.


A judiciary that has lost its moral compass cannot serve as the beacon of justice for a nation in desperate need of salvation. The Nigerian people deserve better than this abomination that stands before them, masquerading as the symbol of justice. Only when the fetters of corruption and technicalities are broken can the judiciary reclaim its lost honor and emerge as the embodiment of true justice it was destined to be.



Maye Patricks, Esq., a disillusioned Nigerian writes from Abuja.

WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW ABOUT ARTISTE MANAGERS & SOME TOP ARTISTE MANAGERS IN NIGERIA

Introduction

We see a lot of successful musicians out there making waves and doing well but what we don’t know most times is that, there are many forces behind the faces we see, and these forces are called the managers. While the spotlight may shine solely on the artistes themselves, it’s important not to overlook the vital role that artiste managers play in their careers. The managers are the backbone, the bedrock and the brain behind the magic and over time with the new society advancement, more recognition are now giving to artiste managers.

Who’s an Artiste Manager?

An artiste manager is a person, either professional or non-professional, who is responsible for overseeing various aspects of an artiste’s career. Some perform a fusion of activities for the artiste while others specialise on the aspect of the artiste’s career. They act as the middleman between the artist and several other actors of the music industry; this is to ensure smooth operations, strategic planning, and effective decision-making and ultimate success of the artiste’s career. Thus, their ultimate goal is to propel the artiste’s career forward while protecting their interests on both personal and professional levels.

There are different roles played by managers, but for the professional, one of the primary roles they play is recognizing talent and nurturing it to its full potential. They invest time, effort, and resources in guiding artists towards success which can sometimes be financial. This is coupled with the ability and willingness to identify opportunities, forge connections with industry professionals, and establish meaningful relationships with record labels, producers, and promoters. They play a crucial role in securing lucrative deals and collaborations.


Okay at this point I think am focusing on the professional managers thus it’s proper for us to take a brief look at different types of managers available for an artiste


*NOTE* while some managers perform a lot of functions in fusion especially for an upcoming and (as DAVIDO will say NEW CATS) new artistes in the block, for the well established artistes or after growing up, a musician’s team is made up of different managers with an overhead person supervising their functions and in most cases, the overall supervisors are the professional artiste managers who studied the management of artistes professionally with certificates.

Click the link below to read full article
https://osworld1.com/what-you-should-know-about-artiste-managers-some-top-artiste-managers-in-nigeria/

All you need to know about a music record label –
Olajengbesi OS

Music is a universal language that brings people together, and for many musicians, the dream is to share their art with the world. However, creating great music is only one part of the equation. To achieve success in the music industry, artists need the support of a record label.

Music record labels are companies that produce, distribute, and promote music. They work with recording artists to create and release albums, singles, and other forms of music.


Record labels typically sign artists to contracts that outline the terms of their working relationship. These contracts often include agreements on how much the artist will be paid for their work, how long the contract will last, and how many albums or singles the artist will release during that time.


Once an artist has signed with a label, the label will typically provide them with resources to create and produce their music. This can include access to recording studios, producers, and other professionals who can help the artist create the best possible product.

Once the music is recorded and produced, the label will then distribute it to various outlets, such as streaming services, radio stations, and record stores. They will also promote the music through various channels, such as social media, advertising, and live performances.

In exchange for these services, the label takes a percentage of the revenue generated by the artist’s music. This can include revenue from sales, streaming, and other sources.

Overall, music record labels play an important role in the music industry by providing resources and support to artists and by helping to promote and distribute their music to a wider audience.

Running a record label can be demanding, but in the long song, it can be worth every done spent, especially when the artiste signed to the label works hits big

. Here are some of the key reasons why a record label is important for musicians:

1. Access to resources: Record labels have the resources to help artists create high-quality music and promote it to a wider audience. They can provide access to recording studios, producers, engineers, and other professionals who can help artists create their best work. They also have the financial resources to fund music videos, tours, and other promotional activities that can help artists build their fan base.


2. Industry expertise: Record labels have years of experience in the music industry and can provide valuable guidance to artists. They can help artists navigate the complex world of music publishing, licensing, and copyright law. They can also help artists make important business decisions, such as negotiating record deals and licensing agreements.

3. Marketing and promotion: Record labels have the expertise and resources to help artists market and promote their music. They can create marketing campaigns that target specific audiences and help artists build their fan base. Record labels also have connections with radio stations, music blogs, and other media outlets that can help artists get exposure for their music.

4. Distribution: Record labels have the infrastructure to distribute music to a wide range of platforms, including streaming services, radio stations, and physical retailers. They can help artists get their music in front of audiences around the world.

5. Financial support: Record labels can provide financial support to artists, including advances on royalties and funding for tours and other promotional activities. This can be especially important for artists who are just starting out and don’t have the financial resources to support their music careers.

But we must give credit to some major label that has done extensively well in running music label and bringing artist management into the spotlight, and enabling an environment for artists to get recognized, sponsored, and all the helps needed to get their music out and in turn, make a name and to live for themselves this being dominated around the hip-hop, rap, afrobeat, and other contemporary genres of music in Nigeria

Presently the top record labels in Nigeria include

EmPawa Music: is an African talent incubation enterprise known for nurturing and supporting up-and-coming artists. It offers mentorship to 100 African artists yearly. It was founded by *Mr. Eazi* and has produced great Artists like Mr. Eazi, Joeboy, J.Derobie, Camidoh, Majeed, Fave, Minz, NSG, Majorleaguedjz, etc…

STARBOY RECORD: Established in 2013 by singer Wizkid after parting from Empire Mates Entertainment, wizkid started this record label in his parlor with two producers Maleek Berry and Legendary Beats. This label has produced Artists like Wizkid, LAX, Mr. Eazi, Ceeza, R2Bees, Efya, Terri, etc…

YBNL: “Yahoo Boy No Laptop,” popularly known as YBNL, is an independent record label that was founded by Olamide in 2012. Recently this label signed a promotional deal with the American music promotion company “EMPIRE,” making it Global. This label has been very successful; it has produced great artists like Olamide, Lil Kesh, Adekunle Gold, Lyta, Viktoh, Chinko, Picazo, Senth, Fireboy, Asake, etc.

DMW: is a Nigerian record label owned by ”Davido” This label was founded in 2016 and has been relevant for several years; this label has produced the best of Artists. Around 2017/2018, this record label was the top label in Africa with great Artists like Davido, Mayorkun, Peruzzi, Dremo, B red, Yonda, Ichaba, etc.


Jonzing World: is a Nigerian record label and management company that was founded by recording artist D’Prince on 22 March 2019; this label is also affiliated with Mavin as their top distributor worldwide. With the introduction of Music stores, this label rose to the top because of the Quality of Artists like D’prince, Rema & Ruger.

Mavin Records: Nigerian music corporation record label founded by record producer and recording artist Don Jazzy on 8 May 2012. The label inception came to fruition following the closure of Mo’ Hits Records, owned by Don Jazzy & D’banj. Over the years, this label has been the most successful record label out of Africa, producing numerous superstars like Tiwa Savage, Wandecoal, Reekado Banks, D’prince, Dr. Sid, Dija, Johnny Drill, Ladipoe, Iyanya Korede Bello, Crayon, Boyspyce, Ayra Starr, Rema, etc.…

In conclusion, a record label is an essential partner for any musician looking to achieve success in the music industry. Record labels provide access to resources, industry expertise, marketing and promotion, distribution, and financial support that can help artists build their careers and share their music with the world

For those of us in love
For those of you hoping one day
And for those of you who’s given up on love

Listen and Enjoy
*I’m in love*
By
*Zeddowagon*

And find strength

Available on all music platforms and osworld1.com

Click link below to download
https://osworld1.com/zeddowagon-im-in-love/

Distributed by Team OS World1

What you should do when someone infringes on your copyright

There's a popular Latin maxin in law
“Vigilantibus Non Dormientibus Jura
Subveniunt” which means “The law assists only those who are vigilant, and not those who sleep over their rights.”

Music copyright infringement is a significant issue in Nigeria, this is coupled with the fact that there had been been no or few legal actions taken against the perpetrator, thus the menace as outgrown the legal remedies and this is because a lot of person probably Dont know their right or have chosen to overlook or sleep on their right. The most popular precedent on copyright infringement in Nigeria are the case of Chocolate City Vs. Brymo. In this case, the court ruled in favor of Chocolate City, stating that Brymo's album release without authorization was a violation of copyright law. Another notable case is the case of MTN Nigeria Vs. COSON, where the court ruled that MTN must pay royalties to COSON for the use of copyrighted materials in its ringtones.

The Copyright Act of 2023 is the the primary law governing copyright protection in Nigeria.
Copyright Protection law provides a framework for the protection of intellectual property rights, including music copyrights. The law allows for the registration of copyrights and provides legal remedies for infringement, including injunctions, damages, and criminal sanctions.

What is copyright infringement?
Music copyright infringement occurs when someone uses music without the permission of the copyright owner. This can include unauthorized reproductions, performances, or distributions of copyrighted material. Copyright infringement is a civil and criminal offense in Nigeria, and it can lead to significant financial penalties or imprisonment.

A few days ago, I was a colleague and I was expressing my displeasure with Nigeria entertainment industry especially the gospel and juju sectors because only in Nigeria will an artist enter the studio record a song belonging to another artist release it, sells it, and make money with it. (Some now use the English Mixtape) 😂😂😂🤣🤣

That can never happen in another country. And the effect of this is that our Originality is becoming a myth and legend. Or should I say a lot of Nigerians Dont know their right while others as chosen to overlook a lot of these anomalies
the consequence of which is the Latin Maxim “Vigilantibus Non Dormientibus Jura
Subveniunt” meaning The law assists only those who are vigilant, and not those who sleep over their rights.

Just recently I also saw a video on Facebook of a gospel artiste crying and wailing that her colleague used her song without permission and blah blah blah
So I said to myself ‘IF WHAT SHE IS SAYING IS THE TRUTH’ then
What is this woman doing to herself? If what you are saying is the truth
Why haven't you consulted your legal team? (most don't even have)
While others don’t Dont know and others Dont know how to go about it

Thus I will discuss some procedural steps on what to do when discover that your music has been used without your permission, you may have grounds for a copyright infringement claim. Here are the steps to take:
CAVEAT:: This is not a legal advice. You should seek your lawyer for guidance.

1. You Need enough Evidence: Evidence is the bedrock of any legal battle so Gather as much evidence as possible to prove that the infringement has occurred. This could include recordings of the infringing material, screenshots, and any correspondence between you and the alleged infringer.

2. Try and reach out to the infringer: it's important to exhaust every available alternative before approaching the court. so Reach out to the person or entity responsible for the infringement and inform them that they are using your copyrighted material without permission. Ask them to remove the material, cease using it, and provide you with any relevant information about their use of your music.

3. Prepare a Cease and Desist Letter: If the infringer does not respond or refuses to remove the material, you may want to consider sending a cease and desist letter. This is a formal letter that demands the infringer to stop using your music and provides a warning of legal consequences if they do not comply.

4. Take Legal Action: If the infringer continues to use your music despite your efforts to stop them, you may need to take legal action. This could involve filing a lawsuit, seeking an injunction, or pursuing damages for any financial harm caused by the infringement.

In conclusion , it's essential to protect your intellectual property rights as a musician. Because if you Dont nobody will do so for you. If you suspect that your music has been infringed upon, take swift action to protect your rights and seek legal advice if necessary

THE STUDENT LOAN ACT. A STEP IN THE RIGHT OR WRONG DIRECTION.

The president of Nigeria in person of President Bola Ahmed Tinubu on Monday the 12th of June(Democracy day) passed into law the Students Loan( Access to Higher education) Bill 2019. The entire purpose of the bill which is now an Act of parliament, is for students who are unable to afford tertiary education to have a means towards attaining the higher education they need. It is no news that education has been regarded as the first step to attaining a better and more successful life, hence, taking that into consideration, the Act is a step to improving the life quality of citizens. It can be said that through the enactment of this act a lot of core issues the country has been facing can take a huge leap towards being solved. Issues like poverty, illiteracy, unemployment etc.
However, there is always the possibility that the creation of this act can be a step in the wrong direction,as it can go on to continue and aid in the long line of corrupt practices already established in Nigeria.The newly enacted Student Loan( Access to Higher Education)Act 2023, can either be an instrument for serving and liberating the masses or it can be another means of possibly coveting the wealth of this nation by corrupt politicians and civil servants.

The Student Loan( Access to Higher Education) Act 2023, was enacted to provide easy access to education for Nigerians through student loans with a view of providing education for all Nigerians. The Student Loan Act has been seen as the solution to the problem of students who are unable to get access to higher education because of their inability to make payments. Thanks to the Act students who are willing to obtain tertiary education can now obtain a loan to the effect, and the Student Loan Act has outlined the various modes of operation to which the cause of granting loans to students can be actuated.
To the effect of granting loans to students, The Act establishes under section5(1) the Nigerian Education Bank, which is the institution charged with the responsibility of granting student loans and making sure that all provisions enshrined in the Students Loan Act are implemented. Section 6 of the act gives 17 functions of the the Nigerian Education Bank. Some of them include:
A. Implementation of the provisions of the act
B. Supervise,coordinate,administer and monitor the management of student loans in Nigeria.
C. Receive applications for student loans through higher institutions on behalf of the applicants and making sure that all the conditions for the giving of the loan are met according to the provisions of the act
D. Approve and disburse loans to qualified persons
E. Liaise with employers of the grantees to ensure that the proper sum is deducted from their salary in regards to fulfilling payment for the student loan.
F. Quarterly issue of a report to the president on the performance of student loans etc.

The students loan act gives the procedures through which citizens may apply for student loans. They include
1. The applicant must apply to the chairman of the commission through the prospective higher institution.
2. The applicant must have secured admission into any Nigerian university, polytechnic, college of education or vocational school established by the state government or federal government.
3. The applicants income or family income must be less than 500,000 naira.
4. The applicant must provide at least two guarantors. The first must be a civil servant who had spent not less than 12 years in his/her capacity, the second is a lawyer who is not less 10 years post call.
Section 20(1) of the act also provides for the processes through which the various public institutions must follow in respect of student loans


The act has outlined the various ways through which the students loan will be administered as well as outlining the working processes of the Nigerian Development Bank. This is not the first time that Nigeria would establish a public institution for the purpose of helping the public, however as seen and evidenced in our society today, a lot of public institutions now serve as means of the elite achieving their greedy desires. What then is our guarantee that this scheme and institution that has now been established wont also amount to the same effect.
Nigeria has faced a lot of challenges in the past relating to access to higher education, and the newly enacted act appears to be a solution to it. However, it is important that we don’t overlook the possibility of this agenda becoming another means of corruption. To this effect, it is suggested that the president be strict with the quarterly auditing which is enshrined under the functions of the Nigerian education bank under section 6 of the Act.The government shouldn’t be indifferent to the activities of the bank, instead there should be periodical checks on the activities of the bank, to ensure that the purpose of the establishment of the bank be achieved, It is also suggested that the government should not be indifferent towards the cries of the public. The cries of the public is an avenue to know about the affairs that go on in any public institution.
In conclusion, plead with the government to keep up with the efforts and let this mark the dawn of a new age in Nigeria. Hence, we beckon on the government to use this newly established scheme to show the public of better things to come, by checking on the excesses of the institution and also ensuring that the salaries and wages of the workers are paid timely.

The removal of the CBN Governor and the provision of Section 11(2) of the CBN Acts 2007

OS
posted on Jun. 11, 2023 at 10:59 am
*The removal of the CBN Governor and the provision of Section 11(2) of the CBN Acts 2007*

✍️Olajengbesi OS
400 level law
Adeleke University

It’s no news the suspension of the governor of the Central Bank of Nigeria

While discussing the development with a colleague (**Adekunle Ayoola Jonathan, a 300-level law student at Osun State University), he raises the issue of noncompliance with section 11(2) of the Central Bank of Nigeria Act 2007. I thought that if the removal as been ultra vires, there would have been objection but then and there I decide to look at it from another point of view. The act made provision for Removal but not suspension


*My question was is there a distinction between suspension and removal *


Before attempting let us take a look at the provision of the act on the appointment and removal of the governor Central Bank of Nigeria

The Central Bank of Nigeria Act of 2007 provides for the appointment, tenure, and removal of the Governor of the Central Bank of Nigeria.

According to Section 8(1) of the Act, the Governor of the Central Bank of Nigeria shall be appointed by the President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, subject to the confirmation of the Senate.

Section 11(1) of the Act provides that the Governor of the Central Bank of Nigeria shall hold office for a term of five years, which may be renewed for another term of five years, subject to the approval of the President.

Section 11(2) of the Act provides for the removal of the Governor of the Central Bank of Nigeria from office. The Governor may be removed by the President for inability to discharge the functions of his office, whether arising from infirmity of mind or body or for any other cause, or misconduct.

However, before the Governor can be removed, the President must first obtain the recommendation of the Monetary Policy Committee and the approval of the Senate. The Act does not provide for the removal of the Governor by any other authority or body.

Back to the Question
Is there a distinction between suspension and removal?


*Suspension from my research means *
To “Suspend” means to debar, usually for a time, from the exercise of a function or a privilege specially to deprive temporarily of one’s office or again to interdict.


While Removal entails
This means disqualification only from present service and not future service, it also can mean dismissal.

This is from the foregoing

The Central Bank of Nigeria Act of 2007 does not specifically provide for the suspension of the Governor of the Central Bank of Nigeria. However, Section 11(2) _SUPRA_

If the President has reason to believe that the Governor has committed an act of misconduct or is unable to discharge the functions of his office, he may initiate an investigation into the matter. The President may also, suspend the Governor pending the outcome of the investigation.

From my point of view, I would say the legislatures were intentional with the writing of the section

However, it is important to note that the Act does not provide for the suspension of the Governor as a separate disciplinary measure.

And I also think Any suspension of the Governor also needs to be under the provisions of the Act relating to the removal of the Governor and would require the approval of the Senate


Read more @

https://osworld1.com/the-removal-of-the-cbn-governor-and-the-provision-of-section-112-of-the-cbn-acts-2007/

https://instagram.com/os_world1?igshid=MzRlODBiNWFlZA==

*FACTS ABOUT SHOW BIZ FOR ALL ARTISTE*

_(The secret others won’t tell you)_



One of the best ways of getting and staying in the spotlight is show business it gives you more disciples, making more income, and staying in the spotlight as an artiste is by hosting shows and concerts.

At least once a year and at most twice this will enable you to interact more with others in the show biz, invite other artists to perform with you, and also gives other artists reasons to invite you to their show as a result of the success of yours
They reason is not far fetched they want to pull the crowd and they also want your audience at their shows

As an artist you can’t do it all, you don’t have all the knowledge and the luxury of time.

So next time you need to plan a show
Don’t do it all by yourself
Seek the service of a professional
Employ the service of or partner with a show promoter.

While seeking out a show promoter there are 3 basic things you need to know and seek out for before choosing one

1👉🏽 **He must have Knowledge of
Your work in other to determine your proposed audience**

It is impossible to serve/be of service to what you do not know or understand.
As an Artist or a manager, it is paramount that you ascertain the show promoter's knowledge of you (the product) and your audience (the consumers)
This will aid preparation and determine the direction of the show.

2👉🏽 *key Knowledge and appreciation of quality production.*

There are a lot of "show promoters" who care so much about their perceived
"profit" than the actual show.
It is important that as an artist, your shows are of quality and in line with your brand.
Ask the hard/tough questions to your show promoter to ensure that he understands the need for a quality show.

3👉🏽 *NETWORK!!! The most important element.*

The strength of a show promoter lies largely in his/her/their network
🤷🏽‍♂️who does he/she know?
🤷🏽‍♂️who knows him/her/them?
🤷🏽‍♂️What has he/she/they done in the past?
🤷🏽‍♂️who is on his/her team?

For more inquiry and further information speak our team today regarding your account NXT show .


✍️✍️ Olajengbesi OS ✍️✍️
OS WORLD1
Entertainment law,
Artiste Management
Show Promoter

Oyawale Deborah popularly known as Debbie Dignified is an anointed gospel music minister ,a song writer worship leader and a recording artist. She is graduate of Mass communication
She has ministered on several platforms evidently with God’s manifestation

The Song Ancient path which is her fourth single track calls on believers to check whether we are still on the right track with God and to to remind us to keep walking on path which is true and strong

Listen and download below

https://osworld1.com/debbie-dignified/

Nigeria police have the widest jurisdictions over criminal-related matters in Nigeria they have been placed in a position where they deserve 100% respect and compliance with their instructions from every citizen by law even though over the years history has shown that in most cases they have failed to live up to the power and expectations placed on them by Nigerian law as a reason of their abuse of power, nepotism behavior towards an ordinary man in the society compared to the privileged ones, bribery, and abuses of power, the manner at which they comport themselves among much other reason

This has created a notion of an undeclared war between citizens vs Nigerian police which has spanned over the years.
Every common Nigerian had one or other grudges against the police or has fallen victim to the police abuses

From the foregoing even with the reservation again the police it’s a criminal offense to obstruct police from performing his duty, assault, refuse to comply with their instructions, etc

While we can agree that Police officers sometimes are unruly, unprofessional, and power-drunk in the exercise of their duties, that is not a justification for one to assault a Police officer or obstruct them in performing their duty. The rationale behind seriously criminalizing assault on police officers is the fact that the primary function of the Police under section 4 of the Police Act is a revered one, and ordinarily, the Police are expected to command respect towards the citizenry.

Section 98 of the Police Act, 2020 provides thus: “A person who assaults, obstructs or resists a Police officer in the discharge of his duty, or aids or incites any other person to assault, obstruct or resist a police officer or other person aiding or assisting the Police officer in the discharge of his duty, commits an offense and is liable on conviction to a fine of ₦500,000 or imprisonment for a term of six months or both.

Section 356 of the Criminal Code Act: This section provides that any person who assaults a police officer in the execution of his duty is guilty of a felony, and is liable to imprisonment for three years. This provision has been applied in several cases, including the case of State v. Adekunle (2014) 12 NWLR (Pt. 1423) 469, where the defendant was convicted and sentenced to three years imprisonment for assaulting a police officer.

The Administration of Criminal Justice Act (ACJA) 2015: This Act provides for stiffer penalties for assault on police officers. Section 68 of the Act provides that any person who assaults a police officer in the execution of his duty is liable to imprisonment for seven years. This provision has been applied in some cases, including the case of State v. Ambrose (2017) 7 NWLR (Pt. 1562) 105, where the defendant was convicted and sentenced to seven years imprisonment for assaulting a police officer.

In conclusion

It is important to note that assault on a police officer is a serious offense, and can lead to severe consequences. In addition to imprisonment or fines, the offender may also face additional charges, such as obstruction of justice or resisting arrest. It is advisable to always cooperate with law enforcement officers and avoid any actions that may be deemed as assault or obstruction of justice.

Many times you have heard a person being featured in a song or work and
Some times being a collaboration
Many people tends to confused the two and some thinks it’s the same thing

So If you didn’t know, then atleast now you will know and If you knew, but couldn’t figure out how it works, here’s your chance

When an artist is featured on a song, it means that they are not the main artist or the lead performer on the track. Rather, they are a guest artist who has been invited to contribute to the song. Their contribution could be in the form of a verse, a chorus, or even just a few lines

So, when you see a song listed as “Artist A featuring Artist B,” it means that Artist A is the main artist, and Artist B is the featured artist. In other words, Artist A is the lead performer, and Artist B is a guest who has been invited on the track.
This means A owns the masters and is responsible for the publishing of the song while Artiste B who are the featured artists do not do so they can not perform or use this song without permission from Artiste A and his Management

On the other hand, when you see a song listed as “Artist A and Artist B,” it means that both artists are equal collaborators on the song. They both have an equal share in the performance and creation of the song, and neither one is the main artist or the featured artist. In other words, we can not completely say A is the owner of the song because his collaboration with B was an “AND” type.

But the artiste who’s is responsible for the publishing of the song gets the upper hand on the royalty split..

In summary, the key difference between “featuring” and “AND” is that “featuring” implies a guest appearance by one artist on another artist’s song, while “and” implies an equal collaboration between two or more artists on a song. Whether you’re an aspiring artist or just a music enthusiast, understanding the differences between “featuring” and “and” collaborations can help you appreciate the artistry and creativity behind each song.

Olajengbesi OS
Entertainment, Corporate and IP law
Adeleke University Law
OS World1

Nonsuit is a judgment given against a plaintiff in which the court dismisses a case because the plaintiff either was unable to make an adequate showing or is unwilling to continue with the case. A nonsuit may be voluntary or involuntary.A nonsuit refers to a legal action to dismiss a lawsuit. This dismissal can be voluntary or involuntary.
A non suit is appropriate where there is no satisfactory evidence enabling the court to give judgment to either of the parties and wronging neither; ADELUSOLA V AKINDE 2004, 120 LRCN 4683 at 4687; ACB V YESUFU 1980 1 – 2 S.C. 48; OLAGBEMIRO V AJAGUNEGBADE 1990 3 NWLR Pt. 136, 37. According to Nolo’s Plain English (Online) Law Dictionary, a Non-Suit is “a court’s dismissal of a case because the plaintiff does not provide sufficient legal showing for the judge to rule in (his) favour”. Another online medium, US Legal.com, defines non-suit as “a termination of a legal action without an actual determination of the controversy on the merits . . . it is (usually) a ruling that in the judge’s opinion, there is no evidence which could prove the plaintiff’s case”.

A voluntary nonsuit refers to when the plaintiff (the individual who filed the case) willingly discontinues the case.

An involuntary nonsuit describes an action by the court to dismiss a lawsuit if the court finds reasons to dismiss the case either through a motion of dismissal filed by the defendant or when it is not up to legal standards.

In the common law courts (e.g. the Court of Common Pleas) a party to a civil action had a right of withdraw their claim/counterclaim by nonsuit up until verdict or judgment without prejudice to the launch of a fresh action.

There was an equivalent right in the Court of Chancery to dismiss one's own bill (as actions in that court were known as). When the courts were merged by the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1875, provision was made for the procedure to governed by rules of court. The 1875 rules provided for non suiting but also made provision for setting aside a judgment of nonsuit.
In 1883 the nonsuit provisions were repealed and replaced by discontinuance of an action.

Thereafter it was subsequently ruled that nonsuiting ceased to exist in the High Court of Justice having been wholly displaced by the provisions relating to discontinuance In the County Courts, the County Court rules continued to provide for nonsuiting until the Rules of the Supreme Court and the County Court Rules were repealed and replaced by the Civil Procedure Rules 1998, which only provided for discontinuance.
This brought nonsuiting to an end in mainstream England and Wales (although one cannot comment for e.g. actions in the High Court of Chivalry).

In Nigeria, the various uniform Civil Procedure Rules of the High Courts contain virtually identical provisions on the circumstances in which a court can order a non-suit. For instance, Order 34 Rule 1 of the Kano High Court Rules 2014, provides that:

“Where satisfactory evidence is not given entitled the plaintiff or defendant to the judgement of the court, the judge may suo motu or on application, non-suit the plaintiff, but the parties’ legal practitioners shall have the right to make submissions about the propriety or otherwise of making such order”.


By
Adesanya Toluwanimi Glory
300 Level Law Student
ADELEKE University

CHILD TRAFFICKING IN NIGERIA

Child trafficking is the act of trafficking, which means the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of persons. Human trafficking is defined in the UN Trafficking in Persons Protocol, which supplements the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, as “the recruitment, transport, transfer, harbouring or receipt of a person by such means as threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, abduction, fraud or deception for the purpose of exploitation”.

Children account for 27% of all the human trafficking victims worldwide, and two out of every three child victims are girls. Sometimes sold by a family member or an acquaintance, sometimes lured by false promises of education and a “better” life — the reality is that these trafficked and exploited children are held in slave-like conditions without enough food, shelter or clothing, and are often severely abused and cut off from all contact with their families.
Every country in the world is affected by human trafficking, and as a result, children are forced to drop out of school, risk their lives and are deprived of what every child deserves – a future.
As the world and Nigeria renew commitment to curbing human trafficking internally and externally.

YEJIDE GBENGA-OGUNDARE reports that implementation of laws and policies against human trafficking and forced labour remains a challenge in the fight to stop trafficking in persons. About 200,000 children are trafficked annually while in West Africa alone, an estimated 35,000 women and children are trafficked every year for commercial sexual exploitation. As the most populous country, Nigeria has been deemed one of the countries with the highest figure of human trafficking and has been adjudged a transit and destination point for human trafficking due to factors which include the poverty index, massive devaluation of the naira, illiteracy, high rate of unemployment, gender imbalance, civil and political unrest, the quest for greener pastures and cultural beliefs.

Some of the Agency that fight against traffic in Nigeria are
National Agency for the Prohibition of Trafficking in Persons (NAPTIP) and Nigeria Police Force (NPF) enhance coordination on law enforcement efforts – including investigating illicit centers exploiting women in forced surrogacy – and prosecute suspects while respecting the rights of the accused
Section 23 (1) (a) of the trafficking in persons (prohibition) enforcement and administration act, 2015.
The Trafficking in Persons (Prohibition) Enforcement and Administration Act, originally passed in 2003 and amended in 2005 and 2015, criminalizes human trafficking and related abuses. The Act provides trafficked persons with access to adequate health services and protection against discriminatory treatment. The Act establishes a National Agency for the Prohibition of Trafficking in Persons (Part II), establishes Agency Transit Shelters for rescued trafficked persons, and establishes a Victims of Trafficking Trust Fund to provide compensation for victims (Part X). The Act provides protections against discriminatory treatment, barring discrimination on account of gender or sex or on the basis of the victim "having worked in the sex industry." Part IX, Section 61(a). The Act serves as implementing legislation for Nigeria’s international obligation under the Trafficking in Persons Protocol Supplementing the Transnational Organized Crime Convention (TOC), to which Nigeria became a signatory on December 13, 2000.
Human trafficking is about the greatest challenge of the 21st Century. Nigeria is currently the centre point of global human trafficking. Before the year 2003, trafficking in person was addressed in Nigeria through the instrumentality of the Criminal Code Act and the Penal Code Act in Southern and Northern Nigeria respectively.

In conclusion, in Nigeria these crimes are on the increase as many Nigerians are deliberately or ignorantly engaged in either of these crimes. Some desperate Nigerians leave the country through porous land borders, travel through Niger and Libya enroute Europe in search of better economic prospects. National Agency for the Prohibition of Trafficking in Persons (NAPTIP) and Nigeria Police Force (NPF) enhance coordination on law enforcement efforts – including investigating illicit centers exploiting women in forced surrogacy – and prosecute suspects while respecting the rights of the accused Finalize the draft protocol to refer children identified in armed conflict to civilian authorities, screen for trafficking among those detained, and provide appropriate care for all those identified as victims, Increase public awareness programming to educate more of the population on human trafficking indicators, Expand shelter capacity for identified victims in coordination with other government entities, civil society, NGOs, international organizations, and the private sector, Increase the capacity of Nigerian embassies to identify and provide assistance to victims abroad, including by providing replacement travel or identity documents free of charge, Develop and implement a centralized database linking NAPTIP, NPF, and other relevant law enforcement agencies.



By,
Akintokun Ayomide
300 Law
Adeleke university
Member of Advocacy Research team.

CHILD TRAFFICKING IN NIGERIA

By,
Akintokun Ayomide
300 Law
Adeleke university
Member of Advocacy Research team.

Child trafficking is the act of trafficking, which means the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of persons. Human trafficking is defined in the UN Trafficking in Persons Protocol, which supplements the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, as “the recruitment, transport, transfer, harbouring or receipt of a person by such means as threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, abduction, fraud or deception for the purpose of exploitation”.

Children account for 27% of all the human trafficking victims worldwide, and two out of every three child victims are girls. Sometimes sold by a family member or an acquaintance, sometimes lured by false promises of education and a “better” life — the reality is that these trafficked and exploited children are held in slave-like conditions without enough food, shelter or clothing, and are often severely abused and cut off from all contact with their families.
Every country in the world is affected by human trafficking, and as a result, children are forced to drop out of school, risk their lives and are deprived of what every child deserves – a future.
As the world and Nigeria renew commitment to curbing human trafficking internally and externally.

YEJIDE GBENGA-OGUNDARE reports that implementation of laws and policies against human trafficking and forced labour remains a challenge in the fight to stop trafficking in persons. About 200,000 children are trafficked annually while in West Africa alone, an estimated 35,000 women and children are trafficked every year for commercial sexual exploitation. As the most populous country, Nigeria has been deemed one of the countries with the highest figure of human trafficking and has been adjudged a transit and destination point for human trafficking due to factors which include the poverty index, massive devaluation of the naira, illiteracy, high rate of unemployment, gender imbalance, civil and political unrest, the quest for greener pastures and cultural beliefs.

Some of the Agency that fight against traffic in Nigeria are
National Agency for the Prohibition of Trafficking in Persons (NAPTIP) and Nigeria Police Force (NPF) enhance coordination on law enforcement efforts – including investigating illicit centers exploiting women in forced surrogacy – and prosecute suspects while respecting the rights of the accused
Section 23 (1) (a) of the trafficking in persons (prohibition) enforcement and administration act, 2015.
The Trafficking in Persons (Prohibition) Enforcement and Administration Act, originally passed in 2003 and amended in 2005 and 2015, criminalizes human trafficking and related abuses. The Act provides trafficked persons with access to adequate health services and protection against discriminatory treatment. The Act establishes a National Agency for the Prohibition of Trafficking in Persons (Part II), establishes Agency Transit Shelters for rescued trafficked persons, and establishes a Victims of Trafficking Trust Fund to provide compensation for victims (Part X). The Act provides protections against discriminatory treatment, barring discrimination on account of gender or sex or on the basis of the victim "having worked in the sex industry." Part IX, Section 61(a). The Act serves as implementing legislation for Nigeria’s international obligation under the Trafficking in Persons Protocol Supplementing the Transnational Organized Crime Convention (TOC), to which Nigeria became a signatory on December 13, 2000.
Human trafficking is about the greatest challenge of the 21st Century. Nigeria is currently the centre point of global human trafficking. Before the year 2003, trafficking in person was addressed in Nigeria through the instrumentality of the Criminal Code Act and the Penal Code Act in Southern and Northern Nigeria respectively.

The law prescribes a penalty of Five years imprisonment as punishment for child or human trafficking, in addition to or with an option of $670 fine for labour trafficking. And 10 years imprisonment for trafficking of children for forced begging or hawking and 10 years to life imprisonment for sex trafficking.
The Imo State Government confirmed that it had ordered the state police command to begin a fresh investigation in a popular case of trafficking of two children in the state. The Attorney of Justice and Commissioner for Justice in the state, Cyprian Akaolisa, told the correspondent on Monday that he had sent back the case file of a child trafficking case involving one nurse, Ngozi Ebuzoaju, and one Chinyere Ohanyere popular known as madam Chichi to the police for a fresh investigation. The police had arrested Mrs Ohanyere for allegedly trafficking two children.They later arrested a nurse, Ebuzoaju, for allegedly buying the children for the prime suspect. While the court granted Ohanyere bail when she was arriigned by the police, the nurse who allegedly midwified the buying of the two infants had been refused bail by the court and kept in Owerri Correctional Centre, from where she had been attending her trials in court.
The state Attorney General and Commissioner for Justice told the correspondent that he had returned the case file to the police for a holistic investigation. Akaolisa said that the police were not holistic in their investigations before transferring the case file to the Director of Public Prosecution for arraignment. For example, the Attorney General and Commissioner for Justice said that the police had failed to produce the woman who allegedly sold the children to the nurse. He also explained that the police in their investigations did not produce the mothers of the children who allegedly sold their children to the woman at large who in turn allegedly trafficked them.


Akintokun Ayomide is A
300 Law
Adeleke university
Member of Advocacy Research team.

New Single Released by

AMBASSADOR ADEGBITE ELIZABETH

Titled :: AKAIKATAN LOORE OLUWA
(UNCOUNTABLE GOODNESS)

The Song AKAIKATAN LOORE OLUWA* is a reminiscence of the faithfulness of GOD
life is full of many challenges, but Glory be to our God for the blessings He bestowed on our life. He has provided us with more than we could ever have ask, He surrounded us with His unmerited favour and mercies, His goodness, blessings are uncountable, truly" *UNCOUNTABLE ARE HIS GOODNESS

Listen and Download below

https://osworld1.com/akaikatan-loore-oluwa-elizabeth-adegbite/

Adegbite Youtube @

https://youtube.com/channel/UCGvnNi_MF9XSPLi6GWSfPUw

#gospelonly
#newmusic
#Godgoodness
#osworld1
#grateful

Music Distributed by
Team OS WORLD1

*Brief Profile of Ambassador ADEGBITE ELIZABETH*

Ambassador ADEGBITE ELIZABETH is a Gospel Music Minister. A worker in the Redeemed Christian Church of God serving in the Choir and Sunday School Department, who goes by the stage name ADONAI AMBASSADOR. From an early age, her dedication to singing and worshiping God through her songs could not be hidden. She hailed from Ifon in Ondo state and was born in Ibadan Oyo State. She possessed Higher National Diploma (HND) in business Administration from Lagos State Polytechnic. RCCG BIBLE COLLEGE - PGD, and also RCCG SCHOOL OF MISSION.

From her young age, she was dedicated to singing and sacrificed all her time to it.

She is the leader of ADONAI AMBASSADORS BAND based in Lagos with her first Album titled "TETE BAMISE OLORUN AYO" SINGLE " I AM VERY GRATEFUL and about to release another song by God's grace "AKAIKATAN LOORE OLUWA".

She is also a member of National Mass Choir of the Redeemed Christian Church of God. She is married to Pastor Adegbite Olusegun Adebowale an Area Pastor in the Redeemed Christian Church of God. The marriage is blessed with wonderful children.

The concept of Vote-buying in Nigeria

A vote as defined by the Oxford dictionary is a formal indication of choice between two or more candidates or courses of action, expressed typically through a ballot or a show of hands.
In the political phase which this paperwork will focus on, Voting can be seen as a method for a group, such as a meeting or an electorate, to make a collective decision or express an opinion usually following discussions, debates, or elections campaigns. Democracies elect holders of high office by voting. Residents of a place represented by an elected official are called "constituents", and those constituents who cast a ballot for their chosen candidate are called "voters". There are different systems for collecting votes, but while many of the systems used in decision-making can also be used as electoral systems, any which cater to proportional representation can only be used in elections.

Voting in Nigeria has been practiced as far back as in the colonial era when Elective democracy was introduced in Nigeria in May 1919, Though in this period the right to vote in Nigeria can be said to have a rather checkered history due to the fact the right to vote was seen as a direct consequence of property and gender not until 1979 elections when women were allowed for the first time to vote and this made voting a political right and birthed the elective process bedrock in Nigeria and the formation of the different political parties all over the country. The Nigerian National Democratic Party (NNDP) was Nigeria's first political party. Formed in 1923 by Herbert Macaulay to take advantage of the new Clifford Constitution, which succeeded the 1914 Nigerian Council.

Voting has been intertwined into the elective [election] process, in the political landscape election is the formal process of selecting a person for public office or of accepting or rejecting a political proposition by voting. This means the election process cannot be completed without voting.

By Sec 40, 77, and 7 of the 1999 federal republic of Nigeria constitution as amended grants all citizens of Nigeria the right to vote and be voted for. The Electoral Act of 2022 which repealed the 2010 Act is the law that guides the conduct of elections and voting in Nigeria

VOTE BUYING is a form of bribery that corrupts the electoral process, it’s seen as the criminal manipulation of the election process and in the legal purview, it can be seen as the reward given to a person for voting in a particular way or for not voting. it is a complex undemocratic phenomenon that cut across many countries in the world, especially developing countries.
Based on the concept of democracy voting should be based on ideology and merit even though in our present Nigeria political landscape Election and voting based on these ideals are rarely found because the fatter your pocket the chances are there at times for you to win. This is achievable by vote-buying.

This menace is seen in elections of party executives, primary elections, or internal and external inter-party elections. Vote-buying transactions include money, food, beverages, other commodities and clothing, and at times employment. In the case of cash rewards or price for votes the amount tipped depends on the financial capabilities and strength of the candidate and/or the political party. In some jurisdictions, they call it stomach infrastructure. In more disturbing cases cooked food and even sachet water has been used to persuade electorates to cast their votes.

In the 28 September 2016 gubernatorial election in Edo, observers reported massive vote-buying by the two main political parties, the APC and the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP). The parties were accused of giving N3 000 to N4 000 for votes in several polling units. Similarly, in the 26 November 2016 governorship election in Ondo State, it was observed that members of the APC, the PDP, and the Alliance for Democracy were giving money to voters at most polling centers across the state. Some polling stations in Odigbo, Okitipupa, and Ilaje local government areas were given N450 000 while each voter got between N3 000 and N5 000”.

In the 18 November 2017 gubernatorial election in Anambra State, many observers condemned the brazen incidences of vote-buying during the poll, stating that the level of commercialization of the vote was an eyesore to democracy. In particular, the Nigeria Civil Society Situation Room noted that “even more lamentable was the fact that the buying and selling of votes took place in the full glare of security men and election officials. It was simply a bazaar in which the election officials and security agencies were undoubtedly complicit”.

The 2019 Presidential primary election of Nigeria’s leading opposition party the Peoples Democratic Party held on the 6th and 7th October 2018 in Port Harcourt Rivers State of Nigeria. Votes were traded and sold both in the US dollars and Nigeria naira. The confirmation of delegate inducement, bribery and corruption, and vote-buying was confirmed by Vanguard Newspaper. There have been numerous reports of Vote buying in the just concluded APC presidential primary elections where it was reported that delegates were being paid a handsome amount of money in US Dollars just to vote for a candidate. During a joint public hearing by the National Assembly on Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC), the Chairman Senate Committee on INEC Senator Suleiman Nazif blamed the crime of vote-buying on certain factors that include “poverty, unemployment, lack of stringent punitive measures, lawlessness, laxity of law enforcement agencies, insufficient voter education and ignorance, among others.” Also, failure to prosecute vote buyers even when caught constitutes another problem in fighting the crime of vote-buying. According to the Speaker of the House of Representatives, “although penalties for these electoral offenses are not stringent, there is also lack of political will to implement the laws as it is, even if it is to offer feeble deterrence to violators. Arrests are hardly made and even where arrests are made, prosecutions are unheard
The most prominent example can be found in the just concluded Ekiti state election there were news and even videos of youths and people of Ekiti state celebrating the sales of their vote, using the slogan ‘Dibo Ko Sebe’ meaning vote and make soup.


Vote buying is a Crime
It’s against the social morale belief system in the society, in a country like Nigeria where religion is the bedrock of every individual life vote-buying is seen as a sign of dishonesty and against the God-like standard
Vote buying is the emerging rigging method used by politicians and their agents. It corrupts the electoral process and it is an act of corruption. It is a punishable offense under Nigerian law. It is against Section 124 (1) (a) to (c) of the Electoral Act as amended. There cannot be vote-buying without vote selling is an open form of bribery that substantially corrupts the Nigerian electoral system.” It is an electoral fraud or offense that the Nigerian Electoral Act frowns at. Upon conviction, an electoral offense convict can be liable for a fine or a prison term. According to the Sub Section (4) electoral Act Supra
The Nigerian Court of Appeal in the case of Saadu V. Afolabi equally termed bribery in election as criminal conduct. According to the Court, ‘Any person acting contrary to the provisions of this section commits an offense and is liable on conviction to a maximum fine of N100,000 or imprisonment for a term of three months or both.’
In one of his Commentary Human rights lawyer Mr. Femi Falana insisted that for the electoral process to be more credible in the country, Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) must ensure that politicians involved in vote-buying are prosecuted.

The effect of vote-buying is so adverse that it needs to be curtailed quickly in other to save the future of Nigeria
The consequences of vote-buying are manifold. In the first instance, it unduly raises the cost of elections thereby shutting out contestants with little finances and promoting political corruption. When victory is purchased rather than won fairly, it leads to state capture. It equally compromises the credibility, legitimacy, and integrity of elections. Vote-buying undermines the integrity of elections as the winners are often the highest bidders and not necessarily the most popular or credible contestants
It, therefore, discourages conscientious people from participating in electoral politics and causes citizens to lose faith in state institutions.

Vote trading equally tends to perpetuate bad governance. It not only compromises the well-being of those who sold their vote for instant gratification but also the future of those who did not sell their votes but are inevitably exposed to bad governance that results from such a fraudulent process. For every vote traded, many people will suffer the unintended consequences when the traded votes make the difference between winning and losing in the election.

Vote-buying needs to be controlled by Institutions such as the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC), Nigeria Police, Independent Corrupt Practices and Related Offenses Commission (ICPC), the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) as well as the Kano State Public Complaints and Anti-corruption Commission (KPACC) are the major body that monitors parties, candidate and including the voters’ behaviors during elections period in other to have a creditable result.

INEC has the responsibility to monitor the political party spending and in particular, has the mandate to prosecute electoral offenders. They must ensure that the capital-intensive nature for which our elections have been turned is addressed. Cases of voter, delegate, and legislature buying must be investigated and prosecuted. Only through this we can sanitize and stop the crime and misconduct of voter buying.

The EFCC chairman in one of his addresses revealed that the agency plans to work with INEC and related agencies to track politicians and individuals who engage in vote-buying and selling in Nigeria’s electoral process. According to the Chairman “we are working with INEC to stop vote-buying, we are seriously pursuing this, though it’s evident that no serious action has been taken on this, the display of searching bags at the just concluded presidential primary elections in Nigeria was just a show-off but not necessitating a serious manhunt for vote-buying because no one was going to come to the said ground with a bag full of money to share to the delegates but even at that there show of mirage is worth commending.
The Nigerian police have a great role in fighting vote-buying and prosecution of deviant voters and politicians. They have to demonstrate that they are capable of fighting this malaise.

Conclusively
Vote buying is a very serious and complex democratic ill that affects democratic processes. As a form of bribery, it is criminal and from a democratic perspective a subversion of democracy. It is antithetical to democratic accountability. As a crime and socio-political ill, it is against the participatory and free, and fair election and equally subverts good governance. It is a clog in the democratic wheel. It is an unwise business in our young democracy. It is the result of bad governance and an embarrassment to the nation. To be addressed, legal and institutional mechanisms are very necessary. Most importantly there is an urgent need for attitudinal change from the perspective of the voters. It is electoral misconduct as bad and illegal and as ballot stuffing that requires all stakeholders ranging from law enforcement agencies, the political parties, the media, civil society organizations, and the entire citizenry. Unless this scourge is addressed it will destroy our democracy.


Olajengbesi Samuel
Law Student- Adeleke University
Blogger & Entrepreneur
OS