Hausa states, group of neighbouring African states, occasionally interconnected from the mid-14th century by loose alliances. Their territory lay above the confluence of the Niger and Benue rivers (in present-day northern Nigeria), between the Songhai empire in the west and that of the Kanem-Bornu, or Bornu, in the east. The seven true Hausa states, or Hausa Bakwai (Biram, Daura, Gobir, Kano, Katsina, Rano, and Zaria [Zazzau]), and their seven outlying satellites, or Banza Bakwai (Zamfara, Kebbi, Yauri, Gwari, Nupe, Kororofa [Jukun], and Yoruba), had no central authority, were never combined in wars of conquest, and were therefore frequently subject to domination from outside. Isolated until the 14th century, they were then introduced to Islam by missionaries from Mali. Conquered early in the 19th century by Fulani, in whose jihad, or “holy war,” many Hausa peasants had voluntarily combined, they were organized into emirates. At the beginning of the 20th century, the British took over the administration of the former emirates, to which they attached Bornu to form the northern provinces (subsequently the Northern Region) of the Protectorate of Nigeria.

Daura, town and traditional emirate, Katsina state, northern Nigeria. The town lies in a savanna zone at the intersection of roads from Katsina town, Kano, Zango, and Zinder (Niger). An ancient settlement, the name of which means “blacksmith” in the Tuareg language, it was founded by a queen and was ruled by women in the 9th and 10th centuries. It is the spiritual home of the Hausa people: a well-known legend of western Africa relates that Bayajida (Abuyazidu), a son of the king of Baghdad, killed Sarki, the fetish snake at the town’s well, and married the reigning Daura queen. Their descendants became the seven rulers of the Hausa Bakwai (The Seven True Hausa States). Daura thus became a Hausa state that stretched across the borders of present-day Nigeria and Niger. Daura town became a caravan centre for salt and potash from the Sahara Desert and for cloth, slaves, leather, and agricultural produce from the south; but it never gained the political or military prominence of Katsina (49 miles [79 km] west) or of Kano (73 miles [117 km] south).

Little else is known of Daura state until the Fulani jihad (holy war) in 1805, when Malam Ishaku, a Fulani warrior, after a successful siege established an emirate headquarters in Daura. While Fulani emirs reigned in Daura, rival Hausa kingdoms were established nearby at Daure-Zango (Zango) and at Daure-Baure (Baure). Zango (founded in 1825) was the more prominent Hausa-Daura kingdom, and in 1903–04, after the British and French had divided the three Daura polities, the British installed Zango’s king, Malam Musa, as the new emir of Daura. Part of former North-Central state after 1967, the traditional emirate was incorporated into Kaduna state in 1976. It became part of the newly created Katsina state in the late 1980s.

Local trade in Daura town is primarily in sorghum, millet, onions, peanuts (groundnuts), cotton, and hides and skins; cattle, goats, sheep, horses, and donkeys are kept by its Hausa and Fulani inhabitants. Cotton weaving and peanut collecting (for export) are significant economic activities. The town is served by a government health office and a dispensary. It is also the headquarters of a local government council. Pop. (2006) local government area, 219,721.

Kano, historic kingdom and traditional emirate in northern Nigeria. According to the Kano Chronicle (1890s), the best-known native history of the Hausa people, the Kano kingdom was founded as one of the Hausa Bakwai (“Seven True Hausa States”) in 999 by Bagauda, a grandson of Bayajida (Abuyazidu), the legendary progenitor of the Hausa people. Its capital was moved from Sheme (to the north) to the present site of Kano city in King Gajemasu’s reign (1095–1134). Malinke scholars from the Mali empire introduced Islām into the region in the 1340s, and Yaji (reigned 1349–85) was probably Kano’s first Muslim Hausa king. Islām was blamed for Kano’s defeat by Zaria about 1400, and King Kanajeji renounced the faith; but in the 1450s new Malian teachers arrived, and Islām regained its influence.

In King Dauda’s reign (1421–38), Kano became a tributary state of the Bornu kingdom (to the east), and under Abdullahi Burja (1438–52) trade relations with Bornu were established. Camel caravans brought prosperity under Mohamman Rumfa (1463–99), the greatest of Kano’s Hausa kings, who established the Kurmi Market, built the Juma’at Mosque (restored) and a palace (now used by the Fulani emirs), and fought the first of a series of wars with Katsina (92 miles [148 km] northwest), Kano’s principal rival in the trans-Saharan trade. Under Rumfa, Arabic writing was reintroduced and the administration codified under Islāmic law.

Kano became a tributary state of Songhai after its capture about 1513 by Muḥammad I Askia of the Songhai empire. Later in the century, the state paid tribute to Zazzau, a Hausa kingdom to the south. After defeats in 1653 and 1671 by the Jukun (Kwararafa) people from the southeast, Kano was eclipsed by Katsina as a commercial centre. By 1734 it once again paid tribute to Bornu.

In 1804 the Fulani jihad (holy war) leader, Usman dan Fodio, led a revolt against the Hausa overlords and, in 1807, Kano city was taken. One of dan Fodio’s pupils, Sulaimanu (Sulemanu), became Kano’s first emir; his successor, Emir Ibrahim Dabo (1819–46) of the Sullibawa clan, founded the present dynasty.

By the 1820s Kano had become the greatest commercial power in West Africa. Its leather and cotton goods were widely transported northward by caravan across the Sahara to Tripoli, Tunis, and Fès, and hence to Europe, where its red goatskin products were known as morocco leather. By the 1880s, however, trade diminished because of changing political conditions along the routes, the end of the slave trade, and the arrival of Europeans on the West African coast.

When Abdurrahman (Abdu), the Fulani sultan at Sokoto (233 miles west-northwest), chose Mohamman Tukur as Kano’s emir in 1893, war broke out among the Kano Fulani. Aliyu Babba, the victor in 1894, pledged allegiance to Muhammadu Attahiru I, the new sultan; but the British captured Kano city in 1903 and named Muhammadu Abbas Abdullahi emir of Kano. Kano emirate was the largest and most populous of the emirates in Kano province, created by the British in 1903.

Katsina, historic kingdom and emirate in northern Nigeria. According to tradition, the kingdom, one of the Hausa Bakwai (“Seven True Hausa States”), was founded in the 10th or 11th century. Islām was introduced in the 1450s, and Muhammad Korau (reigned late 15th century) was Katsina’s first Muslim king. During his reign camel caravans crossed the Sahara from Ghudāmis (Ghadames), Tripoli, and Tunis southward to Katsina and brought such prosperity to the state that it became caught in the rivalry between the great West African empires of Songhai (Gao) and Bornu. In 1513 Katsina was conquered by the Songhai.

The original walls around Katsina town, the kingdom’s capital, were built in the mid-16th century. In 1554 Katsina defeated the forces of Songhai and, in 1570, those of Kano, its principal rival in the trans-Saharan trade. After Moroccan armies had vanquished Songhai in 1591, Katsina was (until the end of the 18th century) a tributary state of Bornu. Katsina entered its greatest period of prosperity in the early 18th century. Besides being the leading Hausa commercial state, it replaced Timbuktu (Tombouctou) as the chief West African centre of Islāmic studies. Later in the century, wars with Gobir, a Hausa state to the northwest, marked the beginning of Katsina’s decline.

Fulani herdsmen settled in Katsina by the 15th century, and in 1804 the Fulani jihad (holy war) leader, Usman dan Fodio, led a revolt (beginning in Gobir) against the Hausa overlords. The Fulani leader Umaru Dallaji captured Katsina town in 1806 and was named the first Katsina emir with Katsina as his seat. The emirate was governed by the representative of the sultan of Sokoto (a town 160 miles [258 km] west) as well as the local emir. Many of the Hausa nobility and people fled to Dankama (25 miles [40 km] northeast) and to Tassawa (Tessaoua) and Maradi in Niger, where they proclaimed a Hausa Katsina chiefdom. Their raids throughout the 19th century weakened the Fulani emir and Katsina town (which was surpassed by Kano).

In 1903 Katsina’s emir pledged allegiance to the British rulers of Northern Nigeria. When the British and French set the present Niger-Nigeria boundary in 1904, Katsina emirate was reduced in size and made a part of Kano province. Much of its former territory is now in Katsina state.

Zaria, formerly Zazzau, or Zegzeg, historic kingdom, traditional emirate, and local government council in Kaduna State, northern Nigeria, with its headquarters at Zaria (q.v.) city. The kingdom is traditionally said to date from the 11th century, when King Gunguma founded it as one of the original Hausa Bakwai (Seven True Hausa States). As the southernmost state of the seven, it had the function of capturing slaves for all Hausa Bakwai, especially for the northern markets of Kano and Katsina. Camel caravans from the Sahara travelled south to Zazzau to exchange salt for slaves, cloth, leather, and grain. Islām was introduced about 1456, and there were Muslim Hausa rulers in the early 16th century. Muḥammad I Askia, a warrior leader of the Songhai Empire, conquered Zazzau c. 1512; the results of that conquest were recorded by the traveller Leo Africanus.

Later in the century, Zazzau’s ruler Queen Amina enlarged her domain by numerous conquests, including those of the Nupe and the Jukun kingdoms; even the powerful states of Kano and Katsina were required to pay tribute. By the end of the century, however, Zazzau—renamed Zaria—came under the control of Kororofa (Kwararafa), the Jukun kingdom centred near Ibi to the southeast. Shortly after the decline of Kororofa, Zaria was forced to become a tributary state (c. 1734–1804) of the Bornu kingdom to the northeast.

In 1804 the Muslim Hausa ruler of Zaria pledged allegiance to Usman dan Fodio, the Fulani Muslim leader who was conducting the great jihād (“holy war”) in northern Nigeria. This resulted in a Fulani becoming ruler of Zaria in 1808. Zaria emirate was created in 1835, retaining some of its old vassal states (including Keffi, Nasarawa, Jemaa, and Lapai to the south); it was governed by a representative of the sultan at Sokoto (216 mi northwest of Zaria city), as well as the local emir.

Zaria’s fortunes declined in the late 19th century; the critical blow was the loss in 1899 of Birnin Gwari (a town and Hausa chiefdom 63 mi west of Zaria city) to Kontagora (an emirate to the southwest). In 1901 Zaria sought British protection against slave raids by Kontagora. After the murder in 1902 of Captain Moloney, the British resident at Keffi (154 mi south), by the Zaria magaji (“representative”), the British stripped the emirate of most of its vassal states.

Zaria remains, however, one of Nigeria’s largest (about 12,750 sq mi [33,000 sq km]) traditional emirates. A savanna area, it is one of the nation’s leading producers of cotton for export. Other significant cash crops include tobacco, peanuts (groundnuts), shea nuts, soybeans, sugarcane (which is processed locally into brown sugar), and ginger. Sorghum, millet, and cowpeas are the staple foods; cattle, chickens, goats, guinea fowl, and sheep are raised for meat. Tin mining has long been important in the south, at the western edge of the Jos Plateau. The population is an ethnic mix in which Muslim Hausa and Fulani people predominate.

Gobir (Demonym: Gobirawa ) is a city in Nigeria now. It was founded by the Hausas in the 11th century, Gobir is one of the seven original kingdoms of the Hausa country , and continued to rule the Hausa country for about 700 years. Its capital is the city of Alkalawa . At the beginning of the 19th century, the people of the ruling dynasty fled from the north to present-day Niger , where an opposition dynasty gained power as Sarkin Gobir ( King of Gobir ) in Tibiri . In 1975, a traditional king settled again in Sabon Birni , Nigeria.

The history of Rano dates back to a long time ago as one of the oldest settlements in this part of Northern Nigeria, the kingdoms started 300 years before Christianity. The Kwararrafa warriors founded the kingdom in 523 AD. The kingdom witnessed three ruling kings such as: - Kwararrafawa reigned from 523 AD to 1001 AD, while Habe reigned from 1001 AD - 1819 AD, and the Fulani kingdom reigned from 1819 to date. As an independent kingdom, more than 40 kings ruled the kingdom of Rano before the colonial rule.

The boundaries of the Kingdom of Rano in the era mentioned above are as follows:

In the evening of Rano, she was bound to Kofar Dan-Agundi Kano
East Rano is tied to the Kingdom of Gaya
From the west Rano borders to Zazzau, Kaduna state
From the south of Rano it borders with Ningi, Bauchi state.

Garun-gabas generally recognised as the ancient Biram, i believe and Bagdaza to be Baghdad. The legend in another form is connected with that of the Origin of the Hausa Bakwai. Mukhtar or Bayajidda was compelled to flee Bornu with his wife, on his Journey west he left her on the road and she gave birth to Biram who founded Garun-gabas. Bayajidda continued his journey to Daura where the well known encounter with the Snake took place and Bayajidda's marriage with the Queen Daurama.

The Town was founded by Arabs from Baghdad, one Mukhtar and his younger brother Biram migrated West and came to Birnin Bornu (Kukawa). The Shehu of Kukawa gave Mukhtar his daughter in marriage and the town of Kulunfardu where he lived until his death. Biram and his younger brother then migrated further West and founded Garun-gabas.

The following is a list of Chiefs of Garun-gabas.

1. BIRAM


2.BOMI... One of the Biram's follower who came with him from Kulunfardu but no relation.

3. TUNKU... Also one of the Biram's followers. The length of time for which these three held the Sarauta unknown.

4. ABDULLAHI. Called Ajab... He ruled for three days and then miraculously disappeared.

5. ASAWA... Thirty years the grandfather of the present Sarkin Gabas, he was deposed by Sambo Diginsa the first Fulani Emir of Hadejia, on account of his son was murdered.

6. MUSA... Nephew of Asawa Eleven years, appointed by Sambo.

7. GAUYAMA... Not of the ruling family fourty years, half way through his reign he became blind.

8. BARWAI... Younger brother of Sambo, Nine years.

9. USMAN... Son of Barwai, Six years he then Emigrated to Shira.

10. GABDO... One year and Emigrated to Katagum. Hadejia A yau.

11. BURMI... A fulani, one year fled to Katagum in terror of Buhari.

12. SARKIYO... One of the Buhari's "Hakimi" Ten years, Buhari then died and was succeeded by Umaru who remove Sarkiyo to Hadejia and made him Barwa.

13. MUHAMMAD BAKO... Son of Asawa and thus descendent to the Original Arab founders, Appointed by Haru Bubba. He held the Sarauta for Two years and then went to Mecca.

14.MUHAMMAD DARINGI... A fulani, seven month deposed by the Emir. By Ismaila A Sabo.

15. TUKUR... Son of Gauyama, after five years of his rule Muhammad Bako returned from Mecca, but leave as a private individual. Muhammad Tukur ruled for another five years and was then deposed by Haru for shaving his wife's head.

16. KANKARAU... A fulani appointed by Haru, but deposed after seven month. Muhammad Tukur Was then reinstalled and rule for seven years when he became blind and was deposed. KANKARAU reinstated but after seven years was again deposed by the Emir Muhammadu for having married seven wives.

The Emir then called in all the man of Garun-gabas to choose their own Chief. They unanimously choose Abubakar son of Muhammad Bako a direct descendant of the original Arab founders. Abubakar at first however persistently refused to accept the honour and on being pressed for a reason, told the Emir that as an Arab who had been to Mecca he could not countenance the perversion of the prophet's laws which was rife in Hadejia. The Emir is then stated to have admitted the Truth of this and on condition that he would take the Sarauta to have promised that he should administer according to the true Law at any rate in Garun-gabas.

Abubakar then became Chief and has been Sarkin Gabas for twenty three years to the present day. The famine in common with other Hadejia District, the famine last year was the cause of considerable mortality chiefly among the children. Hadejia A yau.

Penguin2:

The seven true Hausa states, or Hausa Bakwai (Biram, Daura, Gobir, Kano, Katsina, Rano, and Zaria [Zazzau]), and their seven outlying satellites, or Banza Bakwai (Zamfara, Kebbi, Yauri, Gwari, Nupe, Kororofa [Jukun], and Yoruba), had no central authority, were never combined in wars of conquest, and were therefore frequently subject to domination from outside.

helinues:
Ancient division jammed agent of division

Kukutenla:
Whoever wrote this nonsense needs a slap. Yoruba and even Nupe was never counted as one of the children or bastards of Bajayyida, the progenitor of the Hausas.
Op needs to go and get his facts correct

Even Jukun? Where Jukun and Hausa for meet? Very soon they'll add Tiv

I can even see Gwari has replaced Gwandu.

Op is just disgracing himself. For you to not know basic history of Nigeria and the tribes is a slight on your education. I suggest you close the thread

Penguin2:

You might wanna write this to Encyclopedia Britannica. Tell them that you know more than they do.

https://www.britannica.com/topic/Hausa-Bakwai

Kukutenla:


Maybe i will. But you should learn to critique what you see on the net.
This is the lady feeding you bunkum about Hausa states below.
Tell me if this person looks like someone who has any idea what she's doing

Penguin2:

You seem to be pained to find out that the north considers Yoruba as one of the Banza children of Bayajida.

ZKOSOSO:
All this useless and half truth from Fulani controlled government is mind bugging.
Had credit in Hausa Language in my SSCE . We read about Bayajidda, Hausa Bakwai and Banza Bakwai.
Yoruba has never been there. Buhari and his Fulani supremacist are busy rewriting nonsense for our kids to swallow. Attached by force
Yeye history.
No wonder they banned History as a subject in secondary education for nearly 20yrs now

ZKOSOSO:
All this useless and half truth from Fulani controlled government is mind bugging.
Had credit in Hausa Language in my SSCE . We read about Bayajidda, Hausa Bakwai and Banza Bakwai.
Yoruba has never been there. Buhari and his Fulani supremacist are busy rewriting nonsense for our kids to swallow. Attached by force
Yeye history.
No wonder they banned History as a subject in secondary education for nearly 20yrs now

Kukutenla:


Pained indeed. It only exists in the imagination of the writer. The Hausas never claimed to share any lineage with Yoruba at any point. I'll like to see an historical piece written by and Hausa where such claim is made

BadMaster:
A thread by a flat headed fool.....

Penguin2:
Ye shall know the truth and the truth shall set you free - Motto of Mossad.

A lot of people always wonder why history was suspended from our schools. But it’s because a lot of people don’t want the younger generation to know the truths about the history of Nigeria even though this history still informs a lot of their actions in the Nigerian polity today.

Zamfara and Kebbi were formerly part of the Pre Usman Dan FodioGobir kingdom
Today I bring you the ancient division of Northern Nigeria as contained in Encyclopedia Britannica (just so you know I’m not making it up).

In the past, northern Nigeria was divided into Hausa Bakwai (legitimate Hausas sons) and Hausa Banza (illegitimate Hausas sons)

*Hausa Bakwai (legitimate sons) were:
1) Biram
2) Daura
3) Gobir
4) Kano
5) Rano
6) Katsina and
7) Zazzau (Zaria)

*Hausa Banza (Bastard sons) were:
1) Zamfara
2) Kebbi
3) Yauri
4) Gwari
5) Nupe
6) Kwararafa (Kororofa, Jukun) and
7) Yoruba (yes Yoruba).

The Fulani Jihad and the establishment of emirates helped diminish these ancient divisions but did the north truly move on from considering the Banzas as illegitimate sons? Let’s examine history together.


https://www.britannica.com/topic/Hausa-Bakwai

Dotherightthing:
Pigs...

Penguin2:

So you don’t know history?

This is your first time hearing it?