Lagos was originally inhabited by the Awori subgroup of the Yoruba people in the 15th century. Under the leadership of the Oloye Olofin, the Awori moved to an island now called Iddo and then to the larger Lagos Island.In the 16th century, the Awori settlement was conquered by the Benin Empire and the island became a Benin war-camp called "Eko" under Oba Orhogbua, the Oba of Benin at the time. Eko is still the native name for Lagos.

Lagos, which means "lakes", was a name given to the settlement by the Portuguese. The present-day Lagos state has a high percentage of Awori, who migrated to the area from Isheri along the Ogun river. Throughout history, it was home to a number of warring ethnic groups who had settled in the area. Following its early settlement by the Awori nobility, and its conquest by the Bini warlords of Benin, the state first came to the attention of the Portuguese in the 15th century.

Portuguese explorer Rui de Sequeira visited the area in 1472, naming the area around the city Lago de Curamo. Another explanation is that Lagos was named for Lagos, Portugal—a maritime town which, at the time, was the main centre of Portuguese expeditions down the African coast.

In Britain's early 19th century fight against the transatlantic slave trade, its West Africa Squadron or Preventative Squadron as it was also known, continued to pursue Portuguese, American, French and Cuban slave ships and to impose anti-slavery treaties with West African coastal chiefs with so much doggedness that they created a strong presence along the West African coast from Sierra Leone all the way to the Niger Delta (today's Nigeria) and as far south as Congo. In 1849, Britain appointed John Beecroft Consul of the Bights of Benin and Biafra, a position he held (along with his governorship of Fernando Po) until his death in 1854. John Duncan was appointed Vice Consul and was located at Wydah. At the time of Beecroft's appointment, the Kingdom of Lagos (under Oba Kosoko) was in the western part of the Consulate of the Bights of Benin and Biafra and was a key slave trading port. In 1851 and with pressure from liberated slaves who now wielded political and business influence, Britain intervened in Lagos in what is now known as the Bombardment of Lagos or Capture of Lagos resulting in the installation of Oba Akitoye and the ouster of Oba Kosoko. Oba Akitoye then signed the Treaty between Great Britain and Lagos abolishing slavery. The signing of the 1852 treaty ushered in the Consular Period in Lagos' history wherein Britain provided military protection to Lagos.

Following threats from Kosoko and the French who were positioned at Wydah, a decision was made by Lord Palmerston (British Prime Minister) who noted in 1861, "the expediency of losing no time in assuming the formal Protectorate of Lagos". William McCoskry, the Acting Consul in Lagos with Commander Bedingfield convened a meeting with Oba Dosunmu on 30 July 1861 aboard HMS Prometheus where Britain's intent was explained and a response to the terms were required by August 1861. Dosunmu resisted the terms of the treaty but under the threat to unleash violence on Lagos by Commander Bedingfield, Dosunmu relented and signed the Lagos Treaty of Cession on 6 August 1861.


The remainder of modern-day Nigeria was seized in 1887, and when the Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria was established in 1914, Lagos was declared its capital, continuing as such after the country's independence from Britain in 1960. Along with migrants from all over Nigeria and other West African nations were the returnee ex-slaves known as Creoles, who came from Freetown, Sierra Leone, Brazil and the West Indies to Lagos. The Creoles contributed to Lagos' modernisation and their knowledge of Portuguese architecture can still be seen from the architecture on Lagos Island. Since the 19th century, Lagos gradually transformed to a melting pot of Africans and Europeans. Railway links and telephone cables connecting Lagos to London had been established by 1886. Electric street lighting was introduced in the city in 1898. Lagos experienced rapid growth throughout the 1960s and 1970s as a result of Nigeria's economic boom.

Before the creation of Lagos State on 27 May 1967, Lagos, which was the country's capital had been administered directly by the Federal Government as a Federal Territory through the Federal Ministry of Lagos Affairs, while the Lagos City Council (LCC) governed the city.Lagos, along with the towns from the then Western region (Ikeja, Agege, Mushin, Ikorodu, Epe and Badagry), were eventually captured to create Lagos State. Lagos city was split into the present day seven Local Government Areas (LGAs), while the other towns now make up 13 LGAs in the state. Lagos played the dual role of being the State and Federal Capital until 1976, when the state capital was moved to Ikeja. Lagos was adversely affected during Nigeria's military rule. Also, on 12 December 1991, the seat of the Federal Government was also formally relocated to Abuja. However, Lagos still remains the financial centre of the country, and also grew to become the most populous conurbation in the country.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagos

I've been seeing so many Lagos threads lol

It's really sad this topic about Lagos ownership is even being discussed. And I'm sorry, I'd have to blame the Aworis for not being vocal enough about their own history. Laid back people don't win in this part of the world. Since Prof Kunle Lawal died, there hasn't been any prominent Lagos historian to set the records straight. His books are not easily accessible, so folks have to rely on nonsense they've read on different platforms

All I see here is a silent war between the Bini institution on the island and the indigenous land owners/chiefs i.e the Idejos

Sadly, none of idejo chiefs has come out to refute all these nonsense. That Oba of Lagos institution shouldn't have been recognized in the first place. But if you don't nip a problem in the bud in it's early days, it'd come back to haunt you. It's like cancer

How the fook can you co-own a place where you met people lol. Lagos Island was owned by Aromire. He vacated that place and allowed the Bini guys to settle there. Today, their offsprings are claiming to be indigenes

This Yoruba shofishtikation no start today lol

Who is denying it? If you went to school and studied history, you would no these things

lagos was made what it is today by the igbos.

clevvermind:
lagos was made what it is today by the igbos.

Total delusion.

Is it a curse or a taboo for the igbos to develop their own land?

clevvermind:
lagos was made what it is today by the igbos.

lol
that's not true Lagos was much more developed than most cities right from the colonial era. no Igbo person made it what it is today...its been been a great place way before you were born.

lalasticlala please help us move this to front page

The first Oba of Lagos was Ado, the son of Ashipa of Benin.

Ado had three children. Gabbaro, Akinsemoyin and a female, Erelu Kuti. After the death of Ado, his eldest son, Gabbaro, succeeded him. Gabarro's line became extinct because he had no child. Upon his death, Akinsemoyin, his younger brother took over.

While Akinsemoyin was still alive, Erelu Kuti married Alagba, the native doctor who had predicted that Akinsemoyin would become Oba. Alagba, an Ijesha man from Ilesha, was a diviner for Akinsemoyin. When Akinsemoyin died in 1749 after ruling for 44 years, Ologun Kutere, the product of the union between Erelu Kuti and Alagba was made Oba.

So today, the Oba of Lagos throne is of Ilesha patriarchy(Alagba) and Benin matriarchy(Erelu Kuti)

I wonder why Ijeshas are not claiming to be indigenes lol

Bight of Benin alone not Biafra

Biafra is older than Britain

hadduni:

lol
that's not true Lagos was much more developed than most cities right from the colonial era. no Igbo person made it what it is today...its been been a great place way before you were born.

lalastical please help us move to from page

If the igbos leaves lagos today, lagos will be nothing to write home about.

clevvermind:
lagos was made what it is today by the igbos.

Wow! Udonminit

Can you tell us why Igbos don't want to make their own land like lagos!

Movic1:


Wow! Udonminit

Can you tell us why Igbos don't want to make their own land like lagos!

just go to Anambra and see what the Igbos are doing.

I wonder why you people are creating threads on Lagos. I am an awori man and we are yorubas. FULL STOP.

Even the oba or bembe cannot deny that. All 5hat is happening is political. !!!!!.

clevvermind:
just go to Anambra and see what the Igbos are doing.

Two plus two is four, minus one that's three, quick maths! Simple.
I asked you simple question and you can't provide answer

clevvermind:
If the igbos leaves lagos today, lagos will be nothing to write home about.

Lagos runned their economy efficiently way before Igbo's came and they will run it perfectly if u leave...beside working in d commercial sector isn't restricted to the Igbo alone

Port Novo Dahomey also have seaports like Lagos. Why is Cotonou not like Lagos?

Forget it, Lagos is what it is today because of federal government investment. Why is it that no other Yoruba city is like Lagos?

clevvermind:
lagos was made what it is today by the igbos.

Was made worst by una..do you know the financial capitals South western governors has pumped to unlawful 2x2 shops and other ugly tents erected by una people.
Go to Alaba and other markets, when developments and changes gets there you people will begin to cry and relocate.

They envy us nor b small

As for potor, those ones are just miscreants lol. If y'all understand potor psyche, you wouldn't be bothered by whatever they say. Please let's not deviate

[quote author=MasterChen post=62583485]I've been seeing so many Lagos threads lol

It's really sad this topic about Lagos ownership is even being discussed. And I'm sorry, I'd have to blame the Aworis for not being vocal enough about their own history. Laid back people don't win in this part of the world. Since Prof Kunle Lawal died, there hasn't been any prominent Lagos historian to set the records straight. His books are not easily accessible, so folks have to rely on nonsense they've read on different platforms

All I see here is a silent war between the Bini institution on the island and the indigenous land owners/chiefs i.e the Idejos

Sadly, none of idejo chiefs has come out to refute all

---

these nonsense. That Oba of Lagos institution shouldn't have been recognized in the first place. But if you don't nip a problem in the bud in it's early days, it'd come back to haunt you. It's like cancer

How the fook can you co-own a place where you met people lol. Lagos Island was owned by Aromire. He vacated that place and allowed the Bini guys to settle there. Today, their offsprings are claiming to be indigenes

Bros how n why did he vacate the place and allwed the Bini guys to settle?


I love history

walosky:
Bros how n why did he vacate the place and allwed the Bini guys to settle?


I love history

There are 2 different schools of thought. Some say Aromire willingly allowed them settle there for peace to reign, some say the area was raided. Bottom line is, Aromire was the one who occupied the place before they came

Stingman:
Port Novo Dahomey also have seaports like Lagos. Why is Cotonou not like Lagos?

Forget it, Lagos is what it is today because of federal government investment. Why is it that no other Yoruba city is like Lagos?

Reason is Yorubas always use their brains positively.They developed Lagos to attract other people so the spill over of the development will trickle to the other states in the SW...Yorubas have the largest Industries in number in Nigeria especially Lagos which indigenes are a sub group of Yoruba from Ile Ife ...The Aworis.
In Lagos...Yoruba's control the government..power
Yorubas control the economy.
Entertainment,politics,culture,ICT etc. almost everything except petty trading that is controlled by the Igbo's and which can easily be filled up within years of Igbos' exodus but can Igbos live without Lagos?lol
Tell me how Igbos control Lagos

Lagos belongs to the Binis..The binis handed it over to the ibos,ijaws ad hausa fulani pipu.
Yoruba immigrants take note

Lagos Island is not part of Yoruba land. The Bini royal house conquered the land and bequeathed it to their descendants.

The Oba of Lagos reminded you recently of that by snubbing your super King, Ooni of Ife.

Get to grips with it. It ain't rocket science.

Why is this difficult to understand and accept?

Bini, not Yoruba, are original owners of Lagos - Ajayi-Bembe

A former President of the Association of Lagos State Indigenes, Chief Layi Ajayi-Bembe, in this interview with BAYO AKINLOYE says the real owners of Lagos are the Bini, not the Yoruba

What is your lineage as a Lagosian?

My grandfather was Ajayi Bembe; the eighth Obanikoro of Lagos - my father was the last of his children. My mother was the first child of Gbajabiamila (of Olowogbowo fame) - of course, of Lagos. When it comes to the ownership of Lagos, it is sad when people talk about Lagos being no man's land or Lagos being part of Yoruba land - I consider that position to be an abomination. Yes, because of the affinity or geographical location of Lagos, we're nearer to the South-West (the Yoruba) than to other regions. It should be stated that Lagos has always been independent of the West. When I returned from England, (Chief Obafemi) Awolowo was in prison; before I came back to Nigeria, there had been agitations that Lagos wasn't part of the West. No doubt that a lot of us speak Yoruba - in my family, we're Bini. Oba of Lagos (Rilwan Akiolu) was completely right that the early settlers in Lagos were the Awori and the Bini. We're talking about the Island of Lagos.

Extending it to the east of Lagos, you have Oshodi, the Tapa (from Niger State) were there. And, of course, we knew one another. I don't understand why some of our brothers in the West think that we can be enslaved by them. In all my years, I have not seen what Afenifere has done for Lagos to inspire me because during the last constitutional conference, they were not talking about Lagos; they were talking about themselves. Don't forget that the so-called Edo State was part of the West before. But to say Lagos is part of Yoruba land is not fair; it is not charitable. And when kabiyesi now said, Lagos is Bini, not only because we came from Benin, there are signs and relics of Benin all over Isale Eko. And obas (in Lagos) - we don't call them 'obas', we call them 'eleko'. My grandfather said in 1903 that when there was a dispute of which traditional rulers should wear crowns - my grandfather was at that meeting. Ooni of Ife had to come all the way from Ife to Lagos upon the invitation of Governor (John Hawley) Glover. And the question they asked him (Ooni) was, 'Who are the obas that should wear crowns?' He mentioned them - Lagos was not part of the list. We don't wear crowns in Lagos. I remember, Pa Edegbele - that's Prof. Edegbele's father - when he said 'oba' is alien to Yoruba land that only the Bini use that title, there was a furore over that. But Edegbele was right. Note that politicians have done a lot of havoc in Yoruba land more than in other regions of the country. Nobody is going to doubt the hegemony of the Sultan of Sokoto in the North. But the Yoruba are fond of creating problems among themselves in Yoruba land. Permit me to digress: look at the recent installation of some kings in Ibadan, the Oyo State capital. A governor created 21 kings, for what? Is that what the people need at a time when the masses are hungry, civil servants are owed salaries and basic amenities are not available? It now appears there are more rulers than the ruled.

Are you saying Lagos belongs to the Bini people?

Lagos belongs to us - the Bini. When you get to Enuowa, they (the inhabitants) pay homage to Oba of Benin there. Enuowa is in Lagos; Idumota is like a Bini name; Iduntafa is Bini name; Idunmagbo is Bini name; Iduganran is Bini name; tell me, what further proof do you want (that the Bini own Lagos)? Why have some people tried hard to erode our identity and the labour of our ancestors? Today, if you go to the Lagos State Secretariat, you'll hardly see the original indigenes of the state hold a prominent position. So, why are people crying about the quota system? You don't 'quotarise' knowledge. Whatever is the case, I believe that the indigenes of Lagos - by the way, I was president of Association of Lagos Indigenes for almost 15 years - we know how our resources were plundered and carted away. Look at the fiasco called 'Lagos @50'. The state government doesn't recognise the true indigenes of Lagos State. Some of the indigenes work with them for the purpose of getting whatever they can get from the government. Some people are trying so hard to maintain the stupidity that Lagos doesn't belong to anybody - that's annoying.

What about Alhaji Femi Okunnu's view of the Awori being the original owners of Lagos?

I am not a lawyer but Femi Okunnu is a lawyer - a Senior Advocate of Nigeria for that matter. On the issue of the original owners of Lagos, my attention was drawn to an article focused on the Idunganran celebration. Mr. Femi Okunnu happened to be my mentor; he was an inspiration to me particularly when I returned from England. He was not only elder 'brother' to me because we lived close together. They were living at No. 1 Ido Olowu Street and I was living at No. 7 Ido Olowu Street. I have known him for a long time. I remember when he came back from England as a young and vibrant lawyer. When Femi Okunnu himself was the Federal Commissioner for Works during the military regime, he was the one who actually acquired the area where you have the National Theatre, Iganmu. From whom did he acquire it? He got it from the indigenes; my grandfather had a place there. We must have a good perspective of history. People should learn not to mutilate history. The owners of Lagos are not the Yoruba; they are the Bini. We are Bini; there's no ambiguity about that. To prove it further, the obas or the elekos, when they died, their bodies were taken to Benin for burial for a time. Tell me, who owns the land then?

Who are the Awori? The Awori and the Bini are the same. If an Awori spoke to me when I was young, I understood him. My parents spoke Awori. The Awori are partly from Dahomey and partly from Benin. My forebears came from the riverine area through the Bight of Benin and settled in Badagry for a long time before moving down to Lagos. And when they moved down to Lagos where did they go? They went to Idunsagbe - a place famed for Bini culture and tradition. I am an Awori. Tell me, which state did they create for the Awori now? If you say the indigenous people of Lagos State are the Awori, then the Awori are the Bini. We must put history in its right perspective. The right perspective is that Lagos does not belong to the Yoruba; it belongs to the Bini. According to the Lyttleton Constitution, the West was created; the North was created and Lagos was made a colony and it later regained its independence.

Some may argue that the original Lagosians didn't protect their legacy, allowing every Tom, Dick and Harry to hold sway politically and economically.

It is true that Lagos is open to everybody that could bring ideas. But when it comes to certain elements within the political spectrum in Nigeria… Look at it this way, will it surprise you that a representative of Lagos who calls himself a Lagosian representing the state in the National Assembly went to Kogi State to vie for the governorship? Isn't that insulting? Some are even saying once (Osun State Governor, Rauf) Aregbesola has completed his tenure in Osun, he will come back to Lagos to contest a senatorial seat. We called Bola Tinubu, sat him down and told him how we accepted him and he let us down. I know the role I played when Bola Tinubu was coming in; when I gave him my second cousin, (Musiliu) Obanikoro to go along with him (I don't talk to that one (Obanikoro) again after he had his hand in something embarrassing; because you don't disgrace your family). I am not looking for anything from them. It is very wrong that people should trivialise the affairs of Lagos. For example, we kicked against (Prof. Wole) Soyinka being made the chairman of the Lagos @50 celebration. But nobody listened to us. Look at the fiasco; was it a success? Who bothered about it? People who will not celebrate the living are celebrating the dead - it doesn't go beyond that. You acquire land from me for a public purpose and the next thing you did was to share it with your siblings, friends and other loved ones. It is really sad for people to proclaim Lagos as no man's land. Lagos is so accommodating; it is only here you see an Igbo man being made a commissioner. Even the Yoruba that are shouting, how many Lagosians are in their cabinets? They all live in Lagos; we know them. Some of them benefitted from the liberty Lagos offers. But ask them: what have they done for their host communities? Can you imagine Orji Kalu, who bought land here, saying Lagos belongs to nobody? They just talk.

Don't you think Prof. Wole Soyinka deserved to have been the chairman of the Lagos @50 celebration?

I am not used to Soyinka and I don't want to be acquainted with him. It is unfortunate that because he was made the chairman of Lagos @50, he began to insult people, claiming that his father had a land in Lagos. We traced the land - one plot of land - and discovered that the land was bought from my grandfather. People like him go around insulting others. Has he not insulted Femi Okunnu before? Tell me who Wole Soyinka has never insulted? He is part of the Tinubu group. Is he not an Ogun man? I don't think he has a right to say that Lagos is no man's land. Who is he to say that? I think Okunnu knew better; I don't think he meant what he said the way the press reported him. What he said is that Lagos is 'part' of Yoruba land; he didn't say it was owned by the Yoruba. We need to be discreet in our definition. Geographically, we're in the West and culturally, we speak Yoruba. If an Igbo man speaks Yoruba fluently, does that make him a Yoruba? Go to Lagos State House of Assembly and count how many of them are truly Lagos indigenes. Again, Okunnu was an active participant in the creation of Lagos State together with (Philip) Asiodu and Alison Ayida. They facilitated the creation of the state; there was a western state then. If Okunnu had advocated the merger of Lagos with the western region then, one would have thought otherwise. Wole Soyinka didn't want Lagos to be created at that time. Soyinka used to be very radical but having got into the group of Bola Tinubu's scientific imposition, he has been mellowing down. Soyinka would be the one that would stand for the truth when people were accused of certificate forgery and other ills. He was always at the forefront; he has become a turncoat. What happened to him? I respected him; he may not know me and he doesn't need to know me.

So, you think Okunnu is on the same page with you when he talked about the early settlers of Lagos?
I believe Okunnu was actually agitating for the indigenes. He was president of Lagos State indigenes before me - we have Isale Eko Descendants Union, which we all belong to. All I am saying is this: Lagos is not part of Yoruba. The settlers are Bini. Wasn't Benin part of the West before until the Mid-West was created? The Bini agitated for that, insisting that we're not part of the Yoruba. Why can't the Yoruba leave us alone for God's sake? My grandfather went to court in 1889 to claim all the lands that belonged to him. He got a judgment. Then some people said, these lands were too much for one family - the place now called Ikorodu Road, they acquired it - for how much? For £27,000! My grandfather wasn't around; he's dead. But they forgot that this man gave them a land to build the first police barracks in Lagos. How could Bola Tinubu come all the way from wherever he came from (Kafaru brought him to me, turn Lagos into a place for Osun people in the secretariat). They're radicalising the owners of Lagos with the way they're acting. By the time they stand up you'll be shocked. What are the people asking for? Give them what they deserve. Show them some respect. Okunnu did a lot for Lagos State; most parts of Victoria Island were sand-filled by the Federal Government. He and his colleagues at King's College were able to excise Victoria Island and gave it to Lagos. In fact, Okunnu has done more for Lagos than any governor. Okunnu had his roots in Isale Eko.

http://odili.net/news/source/2017/nov/19/825.html

excanny:
Lagos Island is not part of Yoruba land. The Bini royal house conquered the land and bequeathed it to their descendants.

The Oba of Lagos reminded you recently of that by snubbing your super King, Ooni of Ife.

Get to grips with it. It ain't rocket science.

Why is this difficult to understand and accept?

Going by this analogy Biafra belongs to Yoruba and Hausa/Fulani. Biafra was conquered and bequeathed to the children of Oduduwa and Dan Fodio. It ain't rocket science.

wiseEast:
Bight of Benin alone not Biafra

Biafra is older than Britain

Who am I to dispute that. Since the day one of your dumb elders said igbos have been in existence before Adam. I even asked if igbo are not in existence before God.

clevvermind:
If the igbos leaves lagos today, lagos will be nothing to write home about.

Go first na. If na me be igbo, I swear I will pack my things and go back to east so that Lagos can become slum. Instead of shouting if, if up and down.

excanny:
Lagos Island is not part of Yoruba land. The Bini royal house conquered the land and bequeathed it to their descendants.

The Oba of Lagos reminded you recently of that by snubbing your super King, Ooni of Ife.

Get to grips with it. It ain't rocket science.

Why is this difficult to understand and accept?

When a fool speaks.

SHAKABOOM:
Lagos belongs to the Binis..The binis handed it over to the ibos,ijaws ad hausa fulani pipu.
Yoruba immigrants take note

Smart-Cole, who was born of Nigerian and Sierra Leonean parentage is so grounded on most historical accounts of Nigeria’s evolution. This, the septuagenarian, whose boyish looks can easily get anyone jealous, displayed at an encounter in his Lagos residence.
The meeting revealed
Smart-Cole the historian, which perhaps may only be known to a few. With the crux of the interview being the roles of Sierra Leonean returnees in the development of Nigeria, precisely Lagos, Sunmi as his friends call him, discussed his life and many subjects about Nigeria’s historical development.
Commencing with a story told by Chief Femi Okunu, which he wanted to expatiate, Smart-Cole said: “Femi Okunnu said so many things about Lagos that nobody is disputing. He said there was an influx of Tappa people from today’s Niger State. And he said that his great grandfather was an Oshodi on his mother’s side. He said they were great Islamic scholars but he did not mention that the Tappa people were sanitation workers. On TV Continental, I called them sanitary workers. He also said the descendants of freed slaves came from Cuba and Brazil. And he said Sierra Leonean returnees came to Nigeria. A lot of Saro people (the name Sierra Leonean returnees are called in Nigeria) lived in Olowogbowo in Lagos.
“The Tappa had their own quarters, the Brazilians had their own quarters. The man told us that people from Tappa were great Islamic workers but he did not tell us the real work they did. He said Brazilian returnees were good artisans, which is true. They built the Catholic Church on Catholic Mission Street. But he did not mention any line of work done by the Christians, who were mainly Anglicans and Methodists. For instance, a certain Dr. Adeniyi Jones returned to Nigeria as Curtis Crispin Jones.
Chief Okunu mentioned the Tappa but didn’t say much about the Creole and Brazilian returnees. He said Brazilians were artisans but one of them was the first millionaire in Lagos. These people were listed in the Red Book of Africa, a book written in the 20s. And most of them, who were listed, were of Seira Leonean returnee stock. I am not saying that he lied. It is as if he decided to belittle the Creole and their contributions to the development of Lagos and Nigeria as a whole. A Saro man called John Theodore Colcrick was the man, who designed Yaba and Ebute Metta. These were the first parts of Lagos that were designed. He was a Civil Engineer and Town Planner. He had a team of engineers and town planners. One man called Mr. Little was given the job of designing Sabo Market. Money ran out and the man was so annoyed, he said the project must go on and subsequently used his own money to complete the project. It was the cleanest and the most planned market in Lagos.
“The first Director of Education in Nigeria, Dr. Henry Carr was a Creole man. The first Nigerian to build a hospital, Dr. C.C Adeniyi Jones was a Creole man. He came to Nigeria and decided to do something about his Africaness. He picked up an African name because of the way he was treated in England. He could not even properly spell the African name he picked up. He had two daughters. One married Dr. Henry Doherty another one married Engineer Williams. There are more people of Seira Leonian descent in Abeokuta. Okunu is a brilliant SAN but I am not happy when people don’t tell the whole story about issues. It is as if he decided to belittle the Creole and their contributions.
On Sierra Leonean returnees
“He left a village in Freetown called Hastings to study in England. He was an apprentice to a Professor of Medicine and Surgery. One day he went to look for his result on a Saturday morning, he was stopped by a gateman, who refused him entry on the assumption that a black man can not study medicine. The white man thought he was from the West Indies but the white man said he would accompany him to check his result because he does not want him to steal anything. When they got there they found out that he came top of his class. With that type of racism, he decided to return to Africa, precisely Freetown. Some of the Sierra Leonian returnees then did not even stay in Lagos, they went to Abeokuta. So if you hear about the Cokers, Smiths, Fowlers, and others, they are of Seira Leonian stock. I have an aunt, who was Miss Robin. She is still alive at 95. Adeniyi Jones’ first job was to work as a doctor for the government.
First mental hospital in Nigeria
“They got him to set up the first mental hospital in Nigeria which is the one opposite Yaba Bus Stop. After working for a while he decided to begin private practice by setting up the first private hospital in Nigeria. He owned the land behind City Mall at Igbosere. When Lagos State was created, he had died because the hospital was operating before 1920. He had a home there where he lived which he called Priscilla Hall in honour of his wife. He saw how Africans were being treated by the whites in Lagos and was uncomfortable with it. Blacks could not live in Ikoyi because the British practiced what whites practiced in South Africa.
Segregation in Lagos: “The church of the whites was at TBS which was called Race Course and that was where yhe Governor General worshiped then. Apartheid was practiced here but one Sunday morning, the son of Herbert Macuualy, Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe, TOS Benson, Adeniran Ogunsany and others went to where the Governor General used to and sat there. When the white Vicar came he asked what they were doing. Azikiwe asked if he wanted to send them out of the House of God. When the Vicar reported to the Governor-General, he said they should be left alone. It was from that moment that segregation stopped at the church. That used to be Gen T.Y Danjuma’s church until they decided to change the name from our Saviours to Saint Saviour.
The segregation was so obvious that at that time Ikoyi Club was only for whites. Island Club was for blacks. The first black man that lived in Ikoyi was Dr. Ajose and he was given honorary white status because he married a white woman. That was why they allowed him to live there. The second person was Dr. Samuel Marua. He was the chief medical officer of Nigeria before Murtala/Obasanjo took over. Immediately they took over, they asked the man to leave Ikoyi within seven days, he didn’t stay long before he died of heart attack. Though people think he poisoned himself.
Honorary white status
Dr. Azikiwe and his friend, Adeniran Ogunsanya applied to join Yoruba Tenis Club which was for mainly Yoruba people, they accepted Ogunsanya but did not accept Azikiwe because of his tribe. But three days after Zik was sworn in as Governor-General, they offered him free membership which he declined. At a time, the whites invited Ajose, Dr. Samuel Marua, and Dr. Tunji Adeniyi -Jones to join Ikoyi Club. Adeniyi Jones rejected it and called it tokenism.
First millionaire in Lagos: The first millionaire in Lagos was called Candido da Rocha. He owned 12 Kakawa Street where he sold water because he had a borehole then. The second millionaire was Ojukwu’s father. The brother of a man they called Rotimi Williams is a Saro man. The Daniyis, Williamses and Eric Moores are the same family.
On journalism, growing up: “I started journalism by following journalists to the football field in 1964. I grew up in Yaba where we had the Abebes, Murray-Bruces, the Soyedes, Ojoras and the Ibrus, who relocated from Somolu. The Ibrus relocated to Yaba. I am a founding member of Lagos State Horticultural Society.
I planted all the plants on this street even at the places that are not close to my house. I did that because I like nature. I don’t take alcohol. I had my only alcoholic drink at the age of 12. I don’t drink soft drinks. I don’t eat red meat. I eat white meat and fish. I try to eat right. I had a barber’s shop. In the old days the late Justice Aka Basorun, Ishola Osobu would come for come to my shop for a 30-minute haircut but would spend two hours trying to convince me to become a socialist. Both were lawyers. My first name is Percy Sunmisola Smart-Cole. Many people don’t know that my mother was half Igbo, half Rivers. But I can’t speak the language. In Port Harcourt where I was born the lingua franca is Pidgin English.
It is the same English that is spoken in Sapele where a lot of Serra Leoneans settled. They taught the Warri people pidgin English. It is derived from Creole. A lot of them, who were mining engineers, went to Jos. Some went to Calabar. There are more people of Saro descent in Abeokuta. My grandfather went to Fourah Bay College in Sierra Leone. My grandmother was Miss Smart. In this Lagos, there are many Coles. There are Aboyode Cole, Gorgeous Cole, Adeyemi Cole and Cameron Cole. All settled in one area, Ologbowo. Most of them are Anglicans while others are Methodists. Fuorah Bay was much older than University College Ibadan. At that time the degree from the school was regarded as that of the University of London.
On Lagos: Today political office holders have houses everywhere. It pains me to know that things have become so bad in Nigeria that someone would go to a Polytechnic where degrees are not awarded and the person will be awarded a Ph.D on a Saturday afternoon. These are politicians, who have houses everywhere. But it was not like that in the past when only rich politicians, who were traders like Okotie-Eboh had a house on Moloney Street.
Renowned photographer and former Managing Editor of The Guardian, Mr. Sunmi Smart-Cole, has described Alhaji Femi Okunnu’s recent interview on the origin and people of Lagos as an incomplete narrative.
He also described as inadequate, representation of individuals that shaped Lagos as captured in My Lagos Success Story billboards during the Lagos @50 celebration.
He spoke yesterday in Lagos while putting the records straight on the contributions of the Saro people (Sierra Leone descendants) that retuned to Lagos after the end of the Trans Atlantic Slave Trade.
Last month, Alhaji Okunnu, 84, a former federal commissioner for Works and Housing, said in an interview, It’s rubbish to say Lagos is no-man’s land, with The Nation on Sunday that it is complete ignorance to describe Lagos as no no-man’s land because some people are original settlers. Lagos, he said, was peopled by the Awori that spread from Badagry to Ota.
“There is no no-man’s land. There are always some people who are original settlers. In the case of Lagos, it’s a misnomer to say Lagos is a no-man’s land. It’s rubbish. Absolute rubbish! Lagos was peopled by the Awori and Awori land spread from Badagry through to Ota. They settled mostly in Ikeja, a division of Lagos. The Idejo chiefs, the white cap chiefs, who are the land owning chiefs, are basically Awori and some of them are now Obas. I’m talking about the Oniru, The Olumegbon, Aromire, Oluwa, Ojora, Oloto and a couple others,” Chief Okunnu said in the interview.
“Later we had another batch of immigrants over a period of time – those who had been taken into slavery in the North and South America and the West Indies but who had been freed following the abolition of slave trade about 170 years ago. Some of them also came in from Freetown, Sierra Leone. That’s where we have the Saro, Eko connection. They settled in the Olowogbowo area,” he continued.
Reacting to Chief Okunnu’s views, Smart-Cole said Chief Okunnu failed to tell Nigerians the roles of the different migrants to the development of Lagos, especially the Saro people, adding that instead Chief Okunnu merely mentioned the migration of the Saro people in passing. He said most of the migrants from Sierra Leone after the end of slave trade were mainly missionaries and teachers.
Smart-Cole, who admitted the fact that the Bini conquered the Awori in Lagos during the Benin Empire hegemony that spread from Benin City to Dahomey in Benin Republic, said unlike the Sierra Leone returnees, the Brazilian and Cuban returnees were mainly artisans who settled in some quarters on Lagos Island. Also, he noted that Chief Okunnu in his interview did not get the dates the Brazilian, Cuban and Sierra Leone returnees got to Lagos correct. “Who came first he did not know,” he said.
“One of the Saro returnees Ajayi Crowder became the first black Bishop and Bishop of the Niger. His son also became Arc Deacon Crowder. At the Cathedral in Marina, Lagos, it has been a long battle between the Saro people and the Ijebu people. The Saro people were living on Broad Street in Lagos.
“Dr. Chester C. Adeniyi-Jones who graduated with a first class degree in UK started Yaba Mental Hospital, and the first medical doctor in Nigeria to build a hospital in Lagos. The piece of land housing the Lagos City Hall was owned by him. When Lagos government acquired the land, his family was compensated with five plots on Victoria Island. By 1920, he had a hospital there. Again, he formed the first Nigerian political party, and the likes of Herbert Macaulay, Obafemi Awolowo, Ernest Okoli and Nnamdi Azikwe were his followers then. He was the first spokesperson for Nigeria in the first legislative assembly. Two brothers, Dr Maja Pearce and Dr. Akinola Maja were surgeons and were also great contributors to Lagos development.
“The Tapa people are from Niger State of today and they were engaged as night soil men who worked at night in the neighbourhood. At that time we had night soil men. Nobody dared abuse them. Even calling them ‘Agbepo’, they could come and spread excreta on you. And if you really get them annoyed, they will pour it in front of your door.”
He cited books such as Modern and Traditional Elites in the Politics of Lagos by Dr. Dele Cole, Victorian Lagos by Michael J C Echeruo, and The Red Book of West Africa as some of the relevant historical documentaries on Lagos.
“But the British colonial administration wanted Lagos badly. And they invaded the colony and made Oba Akitoye to sign the treaty ceding Lagos to the British as a protectorate. There was nobody to translate the agreement to Oba Akitoye who thumb print the agreement,” he recalled.

Children looking for relevance will open another topic on Lagos tomorrow.

Ashipa the First King of Lagos is as Yoruba as other Ashipa all over Yorubaland.

The history of Lagos is undisputable. Even doubters do not believe themselves.

There is another Eko in Osun State.

Yoruba conquered Ogiso.

Both Oba line and Ogiso line came from Ife.

There is a difference between Ugbo and Igbo just as Ijebu Igbo.

Go to bed guys.