Definition of Terms
Euthymia: A normal positive range of mood states implying the absence of depression or elevated mood.
Dysphoria: An emotional state characterised by anxiety, depression, or unease. A state of feeling unwell or unhappy.
Dysphoric mania: is “prominent depressive symptoms superimposed on manic psychosis.”
Expansive mood/affect: Expression of one’s feelings without restraint, frequently with an overestimation of one’s importance. Often associated with grandiosity.
Euphoria: Intense elation with feelings of grandeur.
Cyclothymic disorder: A chronic disorder, with duration of 2 or more years. Numerous hypomanic and minor depressive episodes, with few periods of euthymia (i.e., never symptom-free for more than 2 months.)
Mixed episode: Occurrence of both manic/hypomanic and depressive symptoms in the same episode, every day for at least 1 week (DSM-IV TR) or 2 weeks (ICD-10).
Seasonal affective disorder: A variant of bipolar disorder, with consistent seasonal pattern to occurrence of episodes (usually winter depression and summer/spring mania, but may be vice versa).
Rapid cycling: four or more episodes (of any type) in a year.

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