Polymelia

Though sometimes we may wish we were born with an extra arm, those who are truly born with extra limbs often wish they were not. Polymelia is a syndrome in which people are born with extra lower limbs. The accessory limbs, as they are called, are often incompletely formed. They do, however, generally have bones and blood in them. This condition, though common in animals, is very rare in humans. There are very few reported cases.


http://listverse.com/2017/04/16/top-10-rare-mutations-that-defy-our-definition-of-human/

Progeria


When the elderly say that they feel like they were a child just yesterday, they are speaking figuratively. Those with progeria, Greek for “prematurely aged,” however, would be saying that quite literally. Progeria is a fatal disease that presents symptoms of aging by the time the patient is two years old.

On average, they die of heart disease at age fourteen.
Progeria causes accelerated aging in children and is marked by certain physical characteristics. Often people with progeria have prominent eyes, small chins, small noses, and large ears.

They also tend to have aged-looking skin, bone and heart problems, and a loss of the fat beneath the skin. Progeria does not affect motor skills or intelligence.

Sirenomelia

Though we are used to a fictional representation of mermaids, those born with what is called mermaid syndrome do not fit the fishy stereotype. Truly called sirenomelia, the mermaid syndrome is presented when a baby is born with a single lower limb.

Sirenomelia is extremely rare, with only 300 cases reported in literature. Of those 300, 15% were one of a pair of identical twins, and 22% were born to mothers with diabetes. It is estimated that sirenomelia is present in about 1 in 60,000 to 100,000 births.

Cyclopia

Many of us have heard of a cyclops, whether from the Oddessy or another work of literature. It is believed that when these monsters were first written about, they were based loosely on a very rare condition that is now named after them, cyclopia. Cyclopia is diagnosed when someone is born with one central eye or two undivided eyes.

Oftentimes, they will not have a nose but will have a similar structure above their eye, instead. It occurs only within 1 in 100,000 people. Cyclopia is classified as alobar holoprosencephaly; the most severe of the three types. Using ultrasound and sonography, Cyclopia can be diagnosed prenatally.

Most infants with Cyclopia are aborted or stillborn. Those who are born alive, die soon after birth, as Cyclopia and its related conditions are fatal.

Polycephaly

What would it be like if we had to share our body with another person? People with polycephaly, or two heads, know exactly what that is like. Polycephaly is a severe case of conjoined twins, which only occurs sporadically in 1 in 50,000 to 200,000 pregnancies.

Whether the twins have polycephaly depends on how completely the twins split, and if they fuse again later. Generally, they are considered two individuals, but they usually share the major organs, and each has control over only half of the limbs.

In humans, polycephalic people can have enough coordination to walk, run, and even drive. Occasionally one head is parasitic and does not do much, if anything. Surgery to remove the parasitic head does not seem to be effective, and most such polycephalic people do not survive

Proteus

People with proteus are truly one in a million. Proteus is a rare overgrowth condition that affects bones, skin, organs, and other tissues.

People with proteus often have benign tumors that form. It affects people asymmetrically, meaning that it may not affect both sides of the body in the same way.

Veins and blood vessels could be affected as well, and people with Proteus are more susceptible to a certain type of blood clot called DVT. This can cause a pulmonary embolism, which is the most common cause of death in people with Proteus.

Hypertrichosis

While werewolves themselves may not exist, people with hypertrichosis have been called everything from “werewolves” to “ape-men.” Though they do not howl at the moon, they do tend to have hair where we may not expect.

People with hypertrichosis tend to have hair covering their midsection, arms, and legs; but effectively everywhere other than the palms and soles can be covered in excessive hair growth.

Epidermodysplasia Verruciformis

Although it is sometimes called the “Tree Man Disease,” Epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) truly has nothing to do with trees. EV is a very rare autosomal recessive skin disorder, meaning that both parents must be carriers in order for the condition to appear.


Approximately 10% of manifestations of EV occur in children who were the product of marriages between blood relatives.

Manifestation usually appears during childhood, with 7.5% of cases in infancy, 61.5% between the ages of 5-11, and 22.5% during puberty. This condition seems to occur evenly between the genders and races.

Ectrodactyly

We once again use an animal to explain this syndrome. More commonly known as “lobster claw,” and occasionally found online as “ostrich foot,” ectrodactyly is all too real. Caused by a mutation in chromosomes 10, 7, 3, or 2, this x-linked condition results in “split“ hands and feet.

Anencephaly

While we may see a news article about a “Frog Baby” and think it is surely a hoax, the only false part of this rare condition is the misnomer used to describe it.

This condition, called anencephaly, is a neural tube disorder. During the third to fourth week of pregnancy, the neural tube closes, and the brain and spinal cord form.

For babies with anencephaly, the neural tube does not close completely, leaving the brain exposed to amniotic fluids, which
causes degeneration of the nervous tissues.

The brain of babies with anencephaly are generally missing parts of the skull, and the cerebrum and cerebellum, rendering them blind, deaf, and unable to gain consciousness.

Babies with this condition are usually either stillborn or die within a few weeks.
Anencephaly is quite rare. Only approximately three in 10,000 babies are born with it.

Holy sh!t.


nice to know

Thank God for making us normal

dopedan:
Thank God for making us normal

and who s d judge of normal?

wahles:
and who s d judge of normal?