What is a miscarriage?
A miscarriage is an event that results in the loss of a fetus during early pregnancy. It’s also called a spontaneous abortion. It typically happens during the first trimester, or first three months, of the pregnancy. According to the American Pregnancy Association (APA), 10 to 25 percent of all clinically recognized pregnancies end in miscarriage.


The cause of a miscarriage varies from person to person. Often the cause is unknown. Miscarriages that occur after three months, or between 14 to 26 weeks, are usually due to an underlying health condition in the mother.

Signs and symptoms of a miscarriage
The symptoms of a miscarriage vary, depending on your stage of pregnancy. In some cases, it happens so quickly that you may not even know you’re pregnant before you miscarry.


Here are some of the symptoms of a miscarriage:

mild to severe back pain
heavy spotting
vaginal bleeding
expulsion of tissue with clots from your vagina
severe abdominal pain
cramps


Call your doctor right away if you experience any of these symptoms during your pregnancy. It’s also possible to have these symptoms without experiencing a miscarriage. But your doctor will want to conduct tests to make sure that everything is fine.

Types of miscarriage
There are many different types of miscarriage. Depending on the cause of your miscarriage and stage of your pregnancy, your doctor will classify your condition as a:

blighted ovum, where a fertilized egg implants into your uterine wall, but fetal development never begins
complete miscarriage, where the products of conception are expelled from your body
incomplete miscarriage, where the membranes are ruptured, and your cervix is dilated or thinned
missed miscarriage, where the embryo dies without your knowledge, and you don’t deliver it
recurrent miscarriage, where you’ve had three or more consecutive first-trimester miscarriages
ectopic miscarriage, where an egg implants somewhere other than your uterus, usually in your fallopian tubes
threatened miscarriage, where bleeding and cramps point to a possible upcoming miscarriage.

Causes of miscarriage
During pregnancy, your body supplies hormones and nutrients to your developing fetus. This helps your fetus develop normally during your pregnancy. Most first trimester miscarriages happen because the fetus doesn’t develop normally. There are different factors that can cause this.

Genetic or chromosome issues
About 50 percent of miscarriages are due to chromosome issues. Errors occur randomly when the cells of the embryo divide, or are due to a damaged egg or sperm cell. Problems with the placenta can also lead to a miscarriage.


Examples of these chromosome abnormalities include:

intrauterine fetal demise: The embryo forms but stops developing before you see or feel symptoms of pregnancy loss.
blighted ovum: No embryo forms at all.
molar pregnancy: Molar pregnancies are rare. There is usually an abnormal placenta growth, but since both sets of chromosomes come from the father, no fetal development occurs.
partial molar pregnancy: This happens when the mother’s chromosomes remains, but the father has also provided two sets of chromosomes. This causes placenta abnormalities and an abnormal fetus.


External health conditions
External health conditions, lifestyle habits, and underlying conditions may also interfere with the fetus’ development, especially in the second trimester. Exercise and sexual intercourse do not cause miscarriages. Working won’t affect the fetus either unless you’re exposed to harmful chemicals or radiation.


Conditions that can interfere with a fetus’ development include:

poor diet, or malnutrition
drug and alcohol use
advanced maternal age
untreated thyroid disease
uncontrolled diabetes
infections
trauma
obesity
problems with the cervix
abnormally shaped womb
severe high blood pressure
food poisoning
certain medications.


Always check with your doctor before taking any medications to be sure a drug is safe to use during pregnancy.

Risk factors
Most miscarriages are due to natural and unpreventable causes. However, certain risk factors can increase your chances of having a miscarriage. These include:

body trauma
radiation exposure
drug use
alcohol abuse
excessive caffeine consumption
smoking
previous miscarriage
being underweight or overweight
chronic, uncontrolled conditions, like diabetes


Being at an older age can also affect your risk for miscarriages.
Age Risk of having a miscarriage
under 30 years of age 1 in 10
35 to 39 years of age 2 in 10
over 45 years of age more than half.


Having one miscarriage doesn’t increase your risk for having other miscarriages. Only one in 100 women experience three or more miscarriages in a row. Over 60 percent of these women also go on to carry a baby to full-term.

Preventing miscarriages
Not all miscarriages can be prevented, but having a miscarriage doesn’t mean you won’t conceive again in the future. According to the Mayo Clinic, only a small number of women have two or more miscarriages. Most women who miscarry have healthy pregnancies later.


Some recommendations for a healthy pregnancy include:

Avoid alcohol, drugs, and smoking while pregnant.
Engage in light regular exercise to improve fetal health.
Maintain a healthy weight before and during pregnancy.
Avoid infections. Wash your hands thoroughly and stay away from people who are already sick.
Limit the amount of caffeine to no more than 200 milligrams per day.
Take prenatal vitamins to help ensure that you and your developing fetus get enough nutrients.
Eat a healthy, well-balanced diet with lots of fruits and vegetables.


Recovering from a miscarriage
Your body’s recovery will depend on how far along your pregnancy was before the miscarriage. After a miscarriage, you might experience the following symptoms:

vaginal bleeding like a menstrual period or spotting
lower abdominal pain or cramps
discomfort or engorgement in the breast.


While pregnancy hormones might last in the blood for a couple months after a miscarriage, you should start having normal periods again in three to six weeks. You can resume your normal activities as soon as you feel ready to do so. Listen to your body. It’s important that you give yourself time to heal physically and emotionally.

Miscarriage support
It’s normal to experience a range of emotions after a miscarriage. You may also experience the following symptoms:

trouble sleeping
loss of appetite
restlessness
low energy
frequent crying


These symptoms may become serious and get worse without treatment.


You may also want to consider the following:

Reach out for help if you are overwhelmed. Your family and friends may not understand how you’re feeling, so let them know how they can help. Even helping with housework, cooking, or child care may be helpful.
Read literature about miscarriage and bereavement.
Store away any baby memorabilia, maternity clothing, and baby items until you are ready to see them again may help with your recovery.


Take your time to grieve for your loss, but also remember that support is all around you. You can also seek counseling from a therapist. Grief counselors can help you cope with feelings of depression, loss, or guilt. Online support forums and chat rooms can be helpful for women who want to talk about their miscarriage with others who have been through the same situation.

Getting pregnant again
You may want to ask your doctor to help you develop a conception plan before you try to get pregnant again. Being as healthy as possible can help you prepare for a pregnancy and lower your risk of another miscarriage.


Your doctor will likely recommend tests to detect any problems that may have caused your previous miscarriage. These may include:

blood tests to detect hormone imbalances
chromosome tests, using blood or tissue samples
pelvic and uterine exams
ultrasounds


Your doctor may recommend that you wait several months before getting pregnant again. Depending on your health, your doctor may also require periodic testing throughout your pregnancy.


Remember that most miscarriages are out of your control. Healing doesn’t mean you have to forget about what happened. A symbolic gesture may also help with the experience. Some women plant a tree, or wear a special piece of jewelry.

Source: https://gabrielatanbiyi..com.ng/2017/06/miscarriage-signs-causes-and-treatment.html[b][/b]

Thank you OP, I found this piece helpful as me and my wife exercise extreme caution in handling our 6months old pregnancy since conception.

malware:
Thank you OP, I found this piece helpful as me and my wife exercise extreme caution in handling our 6months old pregnancy since conception.

you are very welcome sir

My lady just had a miscarriage, started from brownish like blood, next day light blood very little immediately went to the hospital, then blood stopped next morning, some tests conducted and infection was detected, strong antibiotics was given and after usage next morning blood starts coming with urine, went back to the hospital and dc was recommended. After dc , no blood seen but after 5days light red blood coming small, now she putting on a pad. Could it be her period,,?

The question pregnant women would want to ask when they have a fall during pregnancy is if their babies are not affected or lead to a miscarriage. Well, there is no single answer to that as the answer is based on different factors:
The surface you fall on
How serious is the fall
What stage is your pregnancy... etc

However, know that a slight fall will not affect your pregnancy, especially in the first trimester. Therefore, keep your mind at peace.

Source: https://healthdoconline.com/can-a-fall-in-pregnancy-cause-a-miscarriage/