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This include all the activities that enables each family to have as many children as they want when it want them, educating and encouraging it to space or limit the number of children to ensure optimal family health.

REASONS FOR FAMILY PLANNING

1. To improve the quality of life.

2. To reduce death rate.

3. To ensure marital stability.

4. To reduce the level of destitution

5. To prepare women for more active goals in the society.

6. To ensure national stability.


MODERN BIRTH CONTROL MEASURES

1. Total abstinence from sex.

2. Withdrawal method (cortus interruptus).

3. Douching method: this method involves washing the vagina with water and salt after sex.

4. Mechanical barrier method: This method involves the placement of a barrier between the spermatozoa and the egg (ovum)



Example

I. They use of condom sheath.

II. Cervical method (female condom).

5. Chemical method: this involves the use of spermicide to prevent pregnancy by killing the sperms before fertilization takes place.

6. Reading or safe method: This is a mechanism designed to know time of ovulation, to know when is safer for sex.

Example
I. Calendar method: this involves the use of diary to determine menstrual time.

II. BBT- basal body temperature: this involves using temperature to determine the time of ovulation.

7. Hormonal method: This involves the use of steroids to prevent pregnancy, either orally or by means of injection.

8. Sterilization: This is a safe and permanent method of birth control done surgically. ( vasectomy(for men) or tubal ligation (for women).

Vasectomy: This is the process of removing the tubes that carries sperm from the testis.


9. I.U.D: Intra uterine device: This is the covering of the uterine for sometime to prevent pregnancy. It is similar to the cervical method but it is done by a professional possibly a gynecologist.


10. Abortion: This is the termination of a pregnancy before 28 weeks of gestation.

TYPES OF ABORTION
1. Natural abortion ( miscarriage)
2. Induced abortion.

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