Windows is frustrating when it comes to data. I saw a guy who was about reverting to previous Windows because of this. But that isn't the best option. Knowing the things responsible for consuming your data is a great help in your blitz to punctiate how Windows 10 consumes your data.

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What are the things that consumes my data on my Windows 10 Laptop?

1. Auto-Update.
2. The tiles on the Start Menu.
3. Apps running on the background.

These are the major data suckers. Once you stop them, your Windows 10 would be able to manage data as previous Windows? Contribute to this post. Squee!

UPDATE
Please, kindly go to the second comment which is by me for how to switch off auto-update and how to stop background apps from running.

So how do you switch off the data for them?

DieuDonee:
So how do you switch off the data for them?

You don't switch off the data. You switch them off. There are millions of tutorials online.

Of all factors I mentioned, auto-update consumes data more. To switch off auto-update:

Click Ctrl + R
Enter services.msc
Look for Windows Update, double click on it or right click on it and open its properties
Under General tab, make Startup type "Disabled"
Go to Recovery tab, and switch First Failure, Second Failure and Third Failure to "Take No Action"
Click "Okay"

Secondly, on the long list (Services) where you saw Windows update:
Look for Update Orchestrator Service and open its properties
Under the General tab, make Startup type "Disabled"
Go to Recovery tab, and switch First Failure, Second Failure and Third Failure to "Take No Action"
Click "Okay"

This would stop the auto-update.

Side effects
When this setting is active, you won't be able to download items from the Windows store. Thus, before downloading from it, you should revert the setting. Further, your system as they (Windows) say might be vulnerable. In this way, you should ensure you manually update you device as you have turned off the auto-update.

For Background Apps

Press Ctrl + i
Go to Privacy
On the left, scroll down to Background Apps and click on it
Turn off Let apps run on the background

This won't only prevent apps from auto-updating, it'll also save your battery. That's how much I can help for now.