With our current tight work schedules, sleep is no longer a luxury. Sleep is as essential to our daily needs like food and water. However, People at some point in their lives go through one kind of sleep deprivation or another. From nursing babies throughout the night to all-night studies for students, to even researching or sealing business deals in the nights hours. While losing sleep for short periods might not be a big deal, the crisis may arise when one loses sleep for extended periods of time. Sleep deprivation in extreme circumstances can be lethal and may even lead to death.
Poor sleep or Sleep deprivation can lead to an increase in the body's production of cortisol, also known as the stress hormone. In addition, skimping on sleep seems to throw other body hormones out of whack. Less insulin is released after you eat, and this along with the increased cortisol may lead to too much glucose in the bloodstream and thus an increased risk for type 2 diabetes.

Mood changes
Extended Sleep deprivation can negatively affects your mental abilities and emotional state. Studies show people who are sleep deprived report increases in negative moods (anger, frustration, irritability, sadness) and decreases in ...You may feel more impatient or prone to mood swings. It can also compromise decision-making processes and creativity. Some of the characteristics association between sleep deprivations includes:
• Anger
• Aggression
• Emotional outbursts
More so, sleep deprivation can worsen preexisting mood disorders, such as depression and anxiety.

Decreased Learning Ability
Not only can missing sleep make you more forgetful, but there’s also a growing body of research indicating that sleep has an impact on learning and memory. Sleep is essential for healthy brain function. During sleep, the brain consolidates information it has processed throughout the day. Because of this, a lack of sleep directly affects a person’s ability to learn new information or skills.
Lack of sleep can also have negative effects on the following:
• Attention
• Decision making
• Creativity
Increased chance of weight gain
Lack of sleep can cause you to pack on pounds. Research suggests an association between sleep restriction and negative changes in metabolism. In adults, sleeping four hours a night, compared with 10 hours a night, appears to increase hunger and appetite — in particular for calorie-dense foods high in carbohydrates. Observational studies also suggest a link between sleep restriction and obesity. Other studies have found similar patterns in children and adolescents.
One explanation might be that sleep duration affects hormones regulating hunger — ghrelin, and leptin. Another contributing factor might be that lack of sleep leads to fatigue and results in less physical activity.

Increased risk of heart disease
Blood pressure naturally decreases during sleep. Sleep deprivation has not only been associated with high blood pressure (hypertension), a known risk factor for heart disease, it’s also been linked with higher levels of chemicals linked to inflammation. Although it hasn’t been proven that inflammation causes heart disease, higher levels of inflammation are common in people living with the condition.
In today’s world, people aren’t getting enough sleep. They put to sleep so far down on their priority list because there are so many other things to do – family, personal stuff, and work-life, These are challenges, but if people understand how important adequate sleep is, and how to sleep better, it makes a huge difference.”

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