What is a birth injury?

Birth injuries are physical injuries experienced during childbirth, and can affect either the mother or the baby. In newborn babies, a birth injury (often called 'neonatal birth trauma') can include many things, from bruising to a broken bone.

In mothers, birth injuries range from tearing in the vaginal area to damage to the pelvic floor.

Birth injuries in mothers typically fall into 2 main categories:

Injuries to the perineal area

Perineal tears and episiotomy — around 3 in 4 women who give birth vaginally experience 'perineal trauma' (a tear or surgical cut to the area between the vagina and anus).
Nerve damage — occasionally, nerves in the perineal area can get damaged during childbirth, which can lead to a painful condition called pudendal neuralgia.
Haemorrhoids (piles) — these are swollen veins around the anus that you might feel as lumps. While they can be painful or itchy, they are usually not serious.

Injuries to the pelvic floor

Muscle damage — the 'pelvic floor' is a group of muscles inside the pelvis that helps hold the uterus, bladder and bowel in place. In up to half of all women who give birth vaginally, there are permanent changes to the pelvic floor due to over-stretching or tearing (avulsion).

Pelvic organ prolapse — if the pelvic muscles are damaged or weakened, the organs inside the pelvis can drop down towards the vagina, causing bladder and bowel problems.
While these birth injuries are physical, many mothers can experience emotional or psychological distress — before, during or after the birth. This is known as birth trauma. There are ways to decrease your risk of birth trauma, and both treatment and support are available.

What causes birth injury?

If you suffer a birth injury, the cause was most likely something out of your control.

Some of the main risk factors for birth injury include:

the position of the baby, such as in a breech birth
having a large baby (over 4kg)
having a very quick or very long labour
complications
assisted delivery using forceps or ventouse (vacuum)
having a small or unusually shaped pelvis

For a save delivery of your beautiful Unborn baby You need to know how to prevent it.
Prevention is better than cure

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