Bipolar disorder, also known as manic-depressive illness, is a mental health condition characterized by extreme mood swings. These swings can range from periods of intense happiness and energy (mania) to periods of deep sadness and despair (depression). The condition affects around 2.6% of the adult population in Nigeria with a roughly equal distribution between men and women.

Symptoms of mania can include:

Increased energy, activity, and restlessness
Exaggerated self-esteem and grandiosity
Reduced need for sleep
Racing thoughts and rapid speech
Impulsive or reckless behavior, such as spending sprees or impulsive sexual encounters
Symptoms of depression can include:

Loss of interest in activities and hobbies
Feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and worthlessness
Difficulty concentrating and making decisions
Fatigue and decreased energy
Changes in appetite and sleep patterns
Bipolar disorder is typically diagnosed in the late teenage years or early adulthood, although it can occur at any age. The exact cause of the disorder is not known, but it is thought to be a combination of genetic, environmental, and psychological factors.

Treatment for bipolar disorder typically includes a combination of medication and psychotherapy. Medications used to treat the disorder include mood stabilizers, such as lithium, as well as atypical antipsychotics and antidepressants. Psychotherapy, such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and family-focused therapy, can help individuals learn to manage their symptoms and improve their relationships with others.

Living with bipolar disorder can be challenging, but with the right treatment and support, many individuals with the disorder are able to lead fulfilling and productive lives. Support from family and friends, as well as self-help and peer support groups, can also be beneficial.

It's important to seek professional help if you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms of bipolar disorder. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent serious complications, such as suicide and hospitalization. With the help of a mental health professional, individuals with bipolar disorder can learn to manage their symptoms and improve their quality of life.

You can check out www.synapseservices.org they have a team of mental health experts that can help in the treatment and management of bipolar disorders