Mummydd:


Pls take her to the hospital. Apart from not wanting her to get pregnant because of the circumstances, also consider what if the rapist has a Viral or sexually transmitted disease? Hospitals usually give Post Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) in such cases

Thank you very much, I will take her

Naomi14:
Please take her to the Hospital Fast. They need to give her some drugs apart from pregnancy prevention. Especially that HIV drug for rape victims.

Thank you ma'am
Pls pardon my ignorance, is this HIV drugs for rape victims Free?

zaynie:



If she was assaulted on Friday abs had her period (as at when due? ) the Saturday after then there's little likelihood she's pregnant as she's way past her ovulation period.

OK, thank you ma'am
She just reported to have seen the period again just this afternoon..... It's flowing again.

Good day people, I have a very delicate situation at hand,
Pls I have a rape victim with me, armed men/robbers entered the house, during the robbery She was deflowered. This event happened on Friday morning 2am. On Saturday she saw her period, according to her it was meant to last for 5days but it ended in three 3 days, meaning that it stop on Tuesday .....

Pls help, I don't know what to do,

NOTE..That Friday morning after the attack I went to the chemist and got her postinor 2
Pls help, we don't want her to become pregnant for armed robbers...

Which way �

Just doing business.... If I'm paid to print a handbill, why should I be arrested, go n look for the people sponsoring the printing and not the printer... NIGERIAN POLICE... Smh for una.... Another Python waka

Adonbilivit��

I see...

Olusanya333:
Dudes quoting Paul, Peter and James as scriptures, you all still get a long way to go.

How do you mean Sir, like to know please..

Contact us for All kinds of electrical wiring ALL. ..07069490246, 07084158345.

Contact us for All kinds of electrical wiring ALL. ..07069490246, 07084158345.

Mrshroud:

In his conclusion , kay contends that since development is dependent on human labour , as can be proven when a product as a natural object is transformed by human labour so that is satisfies human need, development should center around human beings.

Contd...

Thus , at the individual level, development is defined as the interplay between man and nature in the process of production of material needs, at the social group . In addition , it implies the ability of members of the social group. In addition, it implies the ability of members of the society to concertedly deal with their environment . And this directly depends upon the extent to which they understand the laws of nature (science) , on the extent to which they put that understanding into practice by devising tools (technology) , and on the manner by which work is organized.

In consonance with this view , development is used to imply the ability by the collectivity of individuals to organize themselves with a view. To eking out , a living from nature. Historically, this has manifested itself in various forms. Firstly , by the evolutionary progress From crude stone tools to the application of metals. The Change over from the hunting and gathering of wild fruits to the domestication of animals and cultivation of crops was the second manifestation. The third form presented itself by the improvement in the manner social work organized "from being an individualistic activity which assumes a social character through the participation of many.

The third conception of development by the marxist scholars organically ties development to socialist mode of production. The thinking here is that capitalist mode of production is an impediment to development and people's well-being . It breeds inequality , exploitation and crises. Therefore, socialism is seen as the only method of bringing about development "that can duly ease the lives of working people and improve their well-being as much as possible."

But at what juncture does capitalism give way to socialism? What are the peculiar features of capitalism that inhibit development? What is socialist mode of production? And how is it relevant and suitable to development ? These and other questions will be answered by examining development in the context of socialism. Radical scholars maintain that capitalism is anti-development.
This is so because of numerous contradictions that are associated with it. It is contended that when the economic system is based upon private ownership, individual initiative , profit and competition," a number of features that thwart development are bound to arise. According to (Williams A. McClenghan) some of these features are:

-a) the means by which goods are produced are held as private property by individuals or companies formed, owned and controlled by one , a few or many individuals;

-b) the owners of means of production hire labour and compete with one another to produce goods and services at a profit and

-c) competition is the life-blood of this system.

A superficial view of the basic traits of capitalism indicates that it is innocuous to development. But (karl marx) in his path - breaking work, capital , has scientifically examined its specific features, concrete forms and peculiarities of its manifestations. This led him to conclude that capitalism is an evil. This position has been supported by all radical scholars. For instance (Professor M.K Bunkina) has advanced the following points to demonstrate that capitalism impairs development efforts;

-i) under capitalism , production relations between the working class and bourgeoisie assume the form of commodity relations and thus leading to exploitation of the former;

-ii) capitalism creates anarchy and bitter rivalry thus leading to uneven development of individual enterprises ; and bitter rivalry in turn unavoidably generates the rise of monopoly and exploitation.

Other marxist scholars such as Lenin, Frank , Rodney , Toyo, Nkrumah and Kay, just to mention a few of them, have similarly attacked capitalism and imperialism as Being incapable of generating development . For instance, while Lenin Talks of wars , crisis and among the capitalist-power, " Nkrumah maintains that foreign capital is used for exploitation rather than development of less developed parts of the world.

In his own critique, Rodney neatly sums up the reasons why capitalism is not a panacea to the problems of underdervelopment and why socialism is therefore imperative. According to him:

" Capitalism has proved incapable of transcending fundamental weakness such as under -utilization of productive capacity , the persistence of a permanent sector of unemployed , and periodic economic crisis..... Capitalism has created its own irrationalities such as a vicious white racism, the tremendous waste associated with advertising , and their rationality of incredible poverty in the midst of wealth and wastage."

In view of the critical examination of the bad effects of capitalism vis-a-vis development, Rodney concludes that it Is no longer effective in promoting development but rather acts as brakes.

Isotaori Mesxaros seems to strike a similar tune when he notes that, the structural antagonism inherent in capitalism makes the system to remain Always unreformable and uncontrollable.
As a result of the Numerous problems Associated with capitalism , it is contended that development only comes about through socialism. This system marks the threshold of true human Freedom and the end of human suffering , exploitation , alienation and class depredations.
Given the fact that socialist mode of production is perceived as development ,it is necessary to examine what it is: and how it is a form of development.
As noted by onimode , the socialist mode of production is characterized by the public ownership and control of the means of production as well as social appropriation of surplus. According to Marx and engels , this mode of production makes it possible for " the free development of each to be condition for the development of all"
Socialist mode of production is based on a number of socialist oriented laws. These laws when applied , "in economic and administrative management", exert profound impact on the various sectors of production. This , Consciousness of these laws is considered as a sine qua non for development and social transformation. It is also contended that, a sound knowledge and application of the Imperatives of socialist laws, helps to lay bare the main objective of socialist enterprise. This in turn improves relations of production. But when they are ignored, (Kuznetsov) says, "disproportions results and a drag is exerted on the development of various. Sectors of production".
Some of these laws which are relevant to development are the laws of proportional and balanced development of the economy.
This is one of the most crucial factors that enhances rapid development. The Reason Is because it leads to the implementation of planned programmes of development in areas of crucial Needs. The next is law of comradely co-operation and mutual assistance in production process. This law eliminates competition, conflict and labour unrests that characterize the capitalist mode of production.

In addition , since the objective of socialism is to control production in the interest of the workers, they "now become the most dynamic force" in development process. Finally, the law of socialists production gears production toward raising people's well-being and endangers development".

To marxists, Irrespective of the angle one looks at the development,it is indeed synonymous with socialist mode of production. All other modes of production that preceded it are seen to have been transient. That is to say, they were temporary and had to pave way to socialism.
From our analysis of both the liberal and marxist perceptions of development it is clear that development is a multi-dimensional process involving changes in structures , attitudes and institutions as well as the acceleration of economic growth and eradication of poverty. In consonance with the multi-dimensional nature of development, (Dudley Seers) has posed basic questions whose answers could unveil the meaning of development. He posited that:

"The questions to ask about a country's development are therefore ; what has been happening to unemployment? What has been happening to equality? If all three of these have declined from high levels , then beyond doubt this has been a period of development for the country concerned . If one or two of these central problems have been growing worse, especially if all three have, it would be strange to call the result "development " even if per capita income doubled."

In order to grasp the fundamental of development , it is perhaps instructive to follow the footsteps of dennis Goulet whose basic components or core values of development, "serve as a conceptual basis and practical guidelines for understanding the inner meaning of development" according to Goulet, the basic components or core value of development are life-sustenance, self-esteem and freedom, these represent common goals sought by all individuals and societies.

Life sustenance refers and relates to the provision of basic human needs such as qualitative food, education, housing and clothing.
Thus one of the goals of development should be "to raise people out of poverty and to provide basic needs at the same time"

Self. Esteem is Concerned with independence and self-respect. No country ,which is exploited and is heavily dependent on another for basic human needs and industralization , can claim to be developed . Third world countries seek development so as to gain the esteem which is denied to societies living in a state of disgraceful underdervelopment".

Freedom as the third core-value of development implies freedom from "want , ignorance and squalor " A scholar like (W. Arthur Lewis) has noted that has noted that there is a significant relationship between economic growth and development when he observed that "the advantage of economic growth is not that wealth increases happiness, but that it increases the range of human Choices".

Using goulet's concept of development , therefore , development implies a situation where " there has been improvement in the basic needs, when economic progress has contributed to a greater sense of self-esteem for the country and individuals within it , and when material advancement has expanded the range of choice for individuals"
From our angle , a more fruitful approach to the definition of development ought to follow the marxist tradition as well as goulet's conception and thus take into account not only economic and political factors alone, but also social indicators as well. In specific terms, such an approach should see development as "people inspired ,human centered and citiZen anchored". In other words people should be seen as the agent of change and development , and development should directly affect the quality of life and well-being of mankind.
From this standpoint , development as will be used in this literature implies the qualitative and quantitative change not only in the Standard of living of the members of the society. But also. The transformation of the society, in all its ramifications. Thus , the availability of such development indicators as high literacy rate, good road network, constant supply of electricity , improved medical facilities , decent housing as well as equitable distribution of income are indicative of a developed society and is a manifestation of the will and capacity to induce social change by the use of labour power and available resources to improve the living standard of the citizens.

The Concept of underdervelopment.

Our knowledge of development and what constitutes it as presented by two schools of thought reviewed above will facilitate our understanding of the concept , underdervelopment. The term underdervelopment as used in the social sciences to refer to certain areas of the world, gained currency in the late 1940's . Prior to this time; time , other derogatory terms had been used to qualify and describe these areas. As Meier has noted , in the 18th century, such terms as "rude" and "barbarous" were used to describe countries in Asia , Africa , the Caribbean and Latin America. In the 19th century those terms were dropped in Favour of new terms such as backward" and primitive" . In the 20th century, especially after the end of world war II , the previous terms were equally abandoned . In their places new terms such as "underdeveloped" and "developing" were used.

At the moment it has been suggested in some quarters that such terms as "less developed" "developing" "poor" and "emergent" countries should be used instead of underdeveloped countries. The reason any unpleasantness which may be attached to it" and which might be interpreted as inciting such physical deformities as mental and moral underdevelopment.
It has also been suggested that the previous derogatory terms should be dropped in Favour of less offensive or mild ones such as "developing" or "emergent". This is perceived by Marxist scholars as a calculated design or ploy by the west to mask and or camouflage economic stagnation and exploitation that exist in underdeveloped areas.

Oyari O.Okereke former Dean Faculties of humanities and social sciences. Ikenga

investigator007:


How did u do it?

Send
Bblited to 21600
I'm using Android phone OO
Download psiphon pro handler and do the settings or better still look for a cheat guru to help you do the settings

hashtagg:
#70. For 5GB MTN

I've already used 1. SomethingGB

#70. For 5GB MTN

Speechless3:
My good friend HardMirror wont grace my thread again

I've lost onetrack, CoolUsername and frank317 all within 20hours

Look what being logical has cost me

I just saw one Mzjanet trolling somewhere. Has she seen this thread too?

THELMA
...... It's CHRIS Riverstone, whatApp me please
need to tell you something. 07069498246 very important

Speechless3:
What is it about introverted ladies that makes men trip for them? Just wondering.

THELMA
...... It's CHRIS Riverstone, whatApp me please need to tell you something. 07069498246

HAVE YOU SEEN "ALMOST HUMAN"?

davidoisamoje:
Am too busy Sir. But what do u wish to learn?

Everything graphics you do

Can I be your student Sir

Speechless3:

awwww! who you be?

your opposite neighbors downstairs at Riverstone

Abeg.... HELP oooooo....... I need just 3.0 Odd to Stake heavily on today Or tomorrow.... Staking heavily Abeg

[quote author=Speechless3 post=42104304]yea
chidimma type of look but cuter [/quot

You're looking familiar Abi na me dey see some Familiar spirits?
THELMA KACHI??

Please....... I need just 4 Odds for today or tomorrow games to stake heavily.... 70k

HELP

Abeg tell the mod to update the score line

Me don park one side... abeg I get match tomorrow ..good morning all

I just dey follow from page one to six... the way una dey take explain the thing here eeeh... me don nearly get heart attack..... the corners plenty oooo...

Donariok:
saraki this, saraki that.


am tired of these bull shit


all I need now is a person that will console me for not gaining admission this year. after scoring high both in jamb n post utme



infact am going to mile 2 market to sell cigarette and dry gin whole sale#TO GAIN ADMISSION FOR THIS COUNTRY EN TIRE PERSON

ABSU is writing second post utme go buy the form.... it's just 1750...
You Don get Admission be that oooo

wow... Thelma.... Miss #ABSU 2014/2015 standing besides Rita...... third picture

slap1:
I once sat like this in ABSU new exam hall. It's difficult to call one's attention because one has to turn a full 360 degrees before facing you, and there's always the invigilator looking for any unstable head.

Largest Exam Hall I've seen in my life
I also sat like this at the EDU THEATRE meeeeenn no be small thing oooo